IE: 


A  BRIEF  MEMOIR  OF 
THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


A  BRIEF  MEMOIR  OF  THE 

MILDMAY  FAMILY 

COMPILED  BY  LIEUT.-COLONEL 
HERBERT  A.  ST.  JOHN  MILDMAY 


PRIVATELY  PRINTED 

BY  JOHN  LANE  THE  BODLEY  HEAD 
LONDON  AND  NEW  YORK.  MCMXIIl 


One  Hundred  and  Fifty  copies  only  of  this  book 
have  been  printed 


WILLIAM  BRENDON  AND  SON,  LTD.,  PRINTERS,  PLYMOUTH 


trffiy  CENTER 


PREFACE 


THE  Compiler  regrets  that  after  consider- 
able trouble  and  research  he  has  not  been 
able  to  make  the  Mildmay  Memoir  more 
thorough  and  complete,  nor  to  form  a 
continuous  story  because  the  histories  of  the  various 
members  of  the  family  rarely  run  one  into  the  other. 
He  can  however  assert  that  he  has  been  careful  not 
to  make  any  statements  for  which  there  is  not  good 
warrant,  and  he  hopes  that  the  present  and  future 
members  of  the  family,  to  whom  the  book  is  affec- 
tionately dedicated,  will  find  something  to  interest 
them  in  this  account  of  their  ancestors.  Lastly  the 
Compiler  wishes  to  acknowledge  most  gratefully  the 
generous  treatment  accorded  to  him  by  the  publisher 
Mr.  John  Lane,  and  the  very  kind  and  generous 
assistance  of  relatives  and  friends. 


V 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 

Origin  of  Family,  Meaning  of  Name,  and  Arms  3 
Four  Thomas  Mildmays  .  .  .  .  -  ^3 
Sir  Henry  Mildmay  of  Woodham  Walters     .  25 

Sir  Henry  Mildmay  of  Graces,  his  sons  and 

grandsons     .       .       .       .       .       .  .27 

Sir  Walter  Mildmay  of  Apethorpe         .        .  36 
Sir  Anthony  Mildmay       .....  59 

Sir  Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Danbury  ...  77 
Anthony  Mildmay      ......  102 

Sir  Henry  Mildmay  of  Wanstead     .       .  .114 
Various  other  Mildmays  flit  across  the  scene  138 
Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  of  Marks    .       .       .  143 
Carew  H.  Mildmay  of  Marks  and  Hazlegrove  159 
The  Fitzwalters       .       .       .       .       .  .166 

Sir  William  Mildmay  of  Moulsham         .  -173 
Henry  Mildmay  of  Shawford    .       .       .  .186 

Jane  Mildmay  and  her  descendants  .  -195 
Appendix  A.    Genealogy    .....  237 

,,        B.    Occasional  use  of  the  name  oi- 

Mildmay    .....  242 

,,        C.    Portraits  of  Mildmays      .        .  244 

,,       D.    Sheriffs       .....  252 

,,        E.    Some  Marriages  not  mentioned 

IN  THE  Memoir  ....  253 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


TO  FACH  PAC.H 


Chelmsford  .            .            .            .            ...  14 

Thomas  Mildmay,  Auditor  of  the  Court  of  Augmentations  16 

MouLSHAM  Hall,  as  built  hy  Thomas  Mildmay        .      .  26 

Graces         .            .            .            .            •         •       •  35 

Emmanuel  Collrok,  Cambridoe.    Mildmay  Wing  on  the 

RIGHT     .            .            .            .            ...  40 

Sir  Walter  Mildmay,  Chancellor  of  the  Exchrqubr  to 

Queen  ELr/AHErii  .  .  ...  52 
Tomb  of  Sir  Anthony  and  Grace  Lady  Mii.dmay  in  Ai-e- 

THORPE  Church  .            .            .            ...  70 

Gateway,  Apkthorpe            .            .            ...  72 

Chimney-piece,  Apethorpf,  of  the  Mildmay  I'lkiod.  74 

Danbury  Place,  Essex           .            .            ...  77 

Sir  Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Danbury  .            .         .      .  78 

Captain  Anthony  Mildmay   .            .            ...  102 

Panelled  Room,  Mildmay  House,  Islington    .         .  .117 

Sir  Henry  Mildmay  lying  dead  on  a  bed      .         .       .  135 

Marks  Hall,  Essex  .            .            .            ...  160 

Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  of  Marks  and  Hazlkgrovk.       .  164 

Benjamin  Mildmay,  Earl  Fitzwalter             .         .       .  169 
MouLSHAM  Hall,  as  built  by  Earl  Fitzwalter        .  .170 

Dogmersfield  Park,  Hants  .            .            ...  207 

Sir  Henry  P.  St.  John-Mildmay  shooting  over  a  trained  pi.;  208 

Sir  Hknry  P.  St.  John-Mildmay         .            ...  210 

15y  Roinney. 

Twins— Maria  and  Judith  Anne        .            ...  214 

Captain  George  W.  St.  John-Mildmay,  r.n.     .         .      .  216 

liy  Cotnte  d'Orsay. 

Edward  St.  John-Mildmay    .            .            ...  217 

Jane  Lady  St.  John-Mildmay            .            ...  220 

Hy  Hoppncr. 

Jane  Lady  St.  John-Mildmay            .            ...  224 

l>y  Harlow. 

Sir  Henry  St.  John  Carew  St.  John-Mildmay         .      .  228 

Coloured  drawing  by  R.  Cosway. 

Captain  Edmond  St.  John-Mii.dmay    .            ...  232 

By  Comte  d'Orsay. 
B 


A  BRIEF  MEMOIR  OF 
THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


ORIGIN  OF  FAMILY,  MEANING 
OF  NAME,  AND  ARMS 

ONE  writer  has  said  that  the  Mildmay 
I  family  came  from  Lancashire,  and 
another  that  it  came  from  the  West  of 
England  ;  but  there  is  no  certainty  as 
to  the  place  of  origin.  A  suggestion  has  been 
made  that  the  Mildmays  did  really  belong  to 
Essex,  and  originate  from  the  hamlet  of  Middle- 
mead  in  Little  Baddow,  in  that  county,  which  in 
Domesday  is  called  Mildemet.  This  is  possible, 
for  when  the  family  came  prominently  forward  in 
the  sixteenth  century  they  were  undoubtedly  well- 
established  Essex  people  living  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Little  Baddow. 

The  deed  of  Henry  de  Mildeme  of  about  the 
year  1347  makes  a  gift  of  land  from  his  manor  of 
Stonhouse,  Gloucestershire,  which  shows  that  at  an 
early  period  one  of  the  family  lived  in  the  West 
of  England. 

The  name,  like  most  others,  has  varied  somewhat 


4  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

in  spelling,  some  of  the  variations  being  Mildeme, 
Mildemay,  Myldmay,  Milldmy,  Milmay,  etc. 

In  a  deed  of  the  23rd  March,  1599,  for  the 
maintenance  of  the  children  of  Wm.  Mildmay,  the 
name  is  written  Mildemaye,  Myldemaie,  Myldmay, 
and  Myldemaye,  four  different  ways  in  the  same 
deed  ;  but  by  the  end  of  the  seventeenth  century 
the  name  seems  to  have  settled  down  into  its 
present  form  of  Mildmay. 

William  Playfair,  in  British  Family  Antiquity ^  1 8 1 1, 
vol.  vii,  pp.  1 24,  etc.,  writes  of  St.  John-Mildmay : — 
"The  latter  of  the  two  names  borne  by  the 
present  family,  that  of  Mildmay  (anciently  spelt 
Mildeme  or  Mildme),  is  evidently  of  Saxon  origin, 
and  is  compounded  of  two  Saxon  words,  Mild, 
soft  or  tender,  and  Dema,  a  judge,  to  which  pro- 
fession it  is  possible  that  one  of  the  earliest 
members  of  the  family  may  have  belonged." 

This  explanation  of  the  name  seems  farfetched, 
and  is  certainly  not  capable  of  proof,  as  the  family 
cannot  be  traced  in  the  history  of  Saxon  times,  nor 
any  record  found  of  a  lawyer  belonging  to  it  earlier 
than  in  the  Tudor  period. 

Barber  puts  : — "  Mildmay,  Mildme,  a  French 
personal  name,"  but  gives  no  authority  for  his 
statement. 

Robert  Ferguson,  in  English  Surnames^  p.  248, 
has: — "The  Anglo-Saxon  Milde,  mild,  gentle, 
entered  into  several  names  of  women — hence  our 
name  Mildred — we  have  also  Mildmay,  which  has 
just  the  same  meaning  from  May,  a  maid." 


MEANING  OF  NAME  S 

Mrs.  Holt,  who,  over  the  signature  of  "  Hermen- 
trude,"  was  a  frequent  contributor  to  Notes  and 
Queries  on  genealogy  and  kindred  subjects,  wrote 
to  us  in  a  letter  dated  14  June,  1892  : — 

"  Sir,  my  reasons  for  the  conclusion  that  the 
surname  *  May  *  is  not  derived  from  the  month 
but  from  *  maiden '  are  these. 

"  (i)  While  nearly,  if  not  quite,  every  day  of  the 
week  has  originated  a  surname,  no  month  of  the  year, 
setting  aside  the  two  names  that  were  under  discus- 
sion, has  been  known  to  do  so.  We  never  met 
with  Mr.  January,  or  Mrs.  July. 

"  (2)  May  is  a  very  common  contraction  of 
maiden  in  mediaeval  times,  as  Halliwell's  dictionary 
will  tell  you. 

"(3)  The  other  names  ending  in  *  May,'  or 
compounded  with  it,  seem  much  more  naturally 
applicable  to  the  maiden  than  to  the  month,  e.g. 
Fairmay,  Sadmay,  Le  May  (Le  Mayden  also  occurs) 
the  masculine  article  merely  indicating  that  the  name 
in  that  instance  was  borne  by  a  man.  Mildmay 
therefore,  1  judge,  should  be  rendered  *  merciful 
maiden,'  that  being  the  older  meaning  of  mild. 
"Allow  mc  to  remain, 

"  Yours  faithfully, 
"EMILY  S.  HOLT.    '  Hermentrude.'" 

At  present,  therefore,  we  can  only  say  that  no 
definite  conclusion  can  be  arrived  at  as  to  place  of 
origin,  or  even  of  meaning  of  name. 

An   experienced   professional   genealogist  who 


6  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


made  an  exhaustive  examination  of  a  vast  quantity 
of  matter,  both  printed  and  MS.,  referring  to 
periods  prior  to  1580,  found  much  that  was 
interesting  and  important,  but  says  in  his  report  that 
very  little  early  genealogical  information  was  forth- 
coming, only  revealing  one  Waltc.  Mildmay,  who 
in  the  1  Richard  III  was  keeper  of  the  park  of 
Morlcwood. 

Aiiiong  the  Fane  papers  belonging  to  the  Earl 
of  Westmoreland,  which  we  have  seen,  are  some 
very  interesting  ones  referring  to  the  Mildmays, 
especially  the  earliest  reported  members  of  that 
family. 

One  of  these  papers  is  an  illuminated  pedigree 
on  parchment  of  the  Mildmays  dated  1583,  and 
signed  by  the  Earl  Marshal  and  Robert  Cooke  ; 
but  what  is  more  important  is,  that  there  are  a 
number  of  ancient  documents  of  various  kinds, 
enclosed  in  a  quaint  old  leather-covered  box,  in 
proof  of  almost  all  the  first  fifteen  members  in  the 
line  of  descent. 

Walter  Mildmay  of  Writtel,  Essex,  is  stated  in 
the  above-mentioned  pedigree  to  have  been  of  the 
household  of  Anne,  Duchess  of  Buckingham,  and 
this  can  be  proved  by  Liber  providens  magni 
hospitii  ^nn^  Duciss^  Buckingham  anno  regis  Edward 
viy  sex(Oy  a  book  that  was  in  the  Apethorpe  library, 
and  this  same  book  includes  Thomas,  Walter's 
father,  among  the  attendants  on  the  Duchess. 

In  1552  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  of  Apethorpe  had 
a  grant  of  arms  of  a  horse  with  wings,  courant. 


MEANING  OF  NAME  7 

sable  (Herald's  office)  ;  but  we  have  not  found  or 
heard  of  any  document  on  which  these  arms  are 
displayed. 

Guillim  in  his  Heraldry^  6th  ed.,  1724,  p.  147, 
says: — "Azure  on  a  Bend  Argent,  a  Pegasus, 
volant,  sable,  was  granted  by  Sir  Gilbert  Pethick, 
Garter,  the  20^^  May,  6  Edward  III,  to  Sir  Walter 
Mildmay,  K',  of  Essex,  who  was  descended  of  a 
House  undefamed,  and  had  of  long  time  used 
himself  in  Feats  of  Arms,  and  works  vertuous.'* 

The  crest  which  was  then  also  granted  is  on  a 
Wreath  or  and  gules,  a  Demi-Roebuck  proper, 
with  two  wings  Argent  having  about  his  Neck  a 
collar,  gules,  bezante,  and  the  Ring  and  Horns 
Tipp'd  or,  mantled  gules,  doubled  or. 

Edward  III  in  the  above  should  be  Edward  VI. 
See  Dallaway's  Heraldry^  p.  liv. 

Among  the  Fane  papers  is  a  confirmation  on 
parchment  of  the  ancient  arms  of  Mildmay  to  Sir 
Walter  Mildmay,  Kt.,  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer 
to  Queen  Elizabeth,  by  Robert  Cooke,  and  as  this 
document  is  quaint  as  well  as  interesting,  it  is  given 
at  full  length. 

To  all  and  singular  as  well  Nobles  as  others  to 
whome  theis  preasantes  shall  come  Robert  Cooke 
Esquier,  alias  Clariencieulx  principall  Harrold  and 
Kinge  of  Armes  in  the  East,  West  and  South  partes 
of  the  Realme  of  Englande  from  River  of  Trent 
salutem.  And  it  is  dailie  scene  that  tyme  (destroyer 
and  consumer  of  all  thinges)  throwes  downe  and 
extinguishes  manie  ancient  and  honorable  families 


8  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


or  by  alteringe  and  translatinge  their  houses  and 
habitacions  obscures  their  worthie  races  and  extrac- 
tions that  therebie  God's  justice  maie  be  felte  and 
manne's  patience  tryed  :  so  comes  it  to  passe 
as  often  that  the  same  tyme  (mother  of  treuthe) 
bringeth  to  light  and  discovereth  to  be  gentlemen 
of  longe  and  auncient  continuewance  divers  whose 
auncestors  (sundrie  yeares  before)  weare  not  reputed 
of  such  antiquitie  that  thereby  the  same  God*s 
mercie  maie  be  scene  and  his  bountie  praised.  And 
this  to  be  soe  1  finde  preasantly  manifested  in  the 
Stocke  or  Lineage  whereof  Sir  Walter  Mildemay 
K*^  Chauncellor  of  the  Exchequire  and  of  the 
Queene's  Mat  most  honourable  Privie  Councell 
is  discended.  For  proofe  whereof  this  daie  has  his 
Sonne  and  heire  apparent  Anthony  Mildemay  an 
Esquier  of  Her  Mat  Stable  shewed  unto  mee  (in 
the  presence  of  divers  other  Harroldes)  such  auncient 
credible  and  authentical  deedes  charters  recordes 
writinges  evidences  and  letters  some  sealed  with 
scales  of  Armes  as  well  of  theire  Auncestors  as  of 
divers  noble  Earles  Barrons  and  other  greate  per- 
sonages of  this  Lande  namely  of  Simon  S'  Lize 
Earle  of  Huntingdon  and  Northampton  of  Gb^^ 
Marshall  Earle  of  Pembroke  of  Thomas  Hollande 
Earle  of  Kent  and  Duke  of  Surrey  of  Edmund 
and  Humphrey  Earles  of  Stafford  of  Richard 
Nevell  Earl  of  Warwicke  of  Anne  Nevell  Duchess 
of  Buckingham  and  of  John  Abbot  of  Evesham. 

"As  notwithstandinge  anie  doubte  that  mighte 
growe  through  length  of  tyme  or  ignorance  of 


MEANING  OF  NAME  9 

evidence  it  appears  clearlie  that  the  saide  Sir  Walter 
is  by  fourteene  discents  (from  father  to  sonne) 
lynally  and  lawfully  extracted  of  the  bodie  of 
a  verie  auncient  gentleeman  of  this  lande 
called  Hugh  Mildemay^^^hoe  (witnesse  a  deede 
of  the  saide  Earle  Symon)  lived  aboute  Kinge 
Stephen's  tyme  now  four  hundreth — and — yeares 
paste,  and  had  issue  one  Sir  Robert  Mildemay^^^ 
and — one  Rogicr^'^and  this  another  Rogier^^^a 
and  Henry  de  Mildemay  Senior^'^  then  hee  one 
Raphe  de  Mildemay ^''^ and  hec  another  Raphe 
and  this  Raphe  Henry  de  Mildemay^^^  Junior 
and  hee  one  Robert  de  Mildcmay^^^and  hee  another 
Robert ^^°^whoe  had  issue  Thomas  Mildemay ^"'^ 
father  to  Walter  Mildemay  ^^^^whoe  was  the  first  of 
that  S'^name  being  an  officer  in  the  said  Duchess  of 
Buckingham's  house  at  Writtle  in  Essex  that  came 
out  of  the  West  and  dwelt  in  that  Countic,  wheare 
he  left  issue  Thomas  Mildemay ^'^^ of  Chelmsford 
in  Essex  father  to  Thomas^'^^  Mildemay  of  M  ulsham 
to  William  of  Springfeelde  in  the  same  Countie  to 
John  of  Cretinghame  in  Suffolk  and  to  this  Sir 
Walter  of  Apthorpe  in  the  countie  of  Northampton 
K^,  and  as  the  continewance  of  this  saide  gentle- 
man's house — discente  thereof  (witnesse  the  evi- 
dence and  charters  aforesaide)  most  directe  and  true 
beinge  verie  probable  to  have  been  gentlemen  longe 
before  the  farthest  tyme  afore  recited  so  it  is  as — 
the  above  named  Henry  de  Mildemay  Junior  nowe 
remaininge  in  the — at  their  deedcs  amongst  the 
evidences  aforesaide — pertaineth  propperly  to  the 


10  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


same  house  and  familie.  For  theis  two  being  greate 
grand  father  one  to  the  other — script  with  their 
propper  names  and  S'^names,  three  Lyons  rompinge 
which  bee  azure  in  a  fielde  silver,  for  none  else  in 
this  lande  gives  the  same  :  as  by  most  diligente 
searche  made  in — the  Registers  of  myne  office  is  to 
be  sene  and  proved.  And  therefore  beinge  there- 
untoe  requested  heere  I  have  delivered  under  my 
hande  and  seale  of  myne  office  the  said  armes,  as  in 
the  margente  hereof  depicted  more  plainlie  is 
showed.  Further  for  the  better  continewance 
thereof  in  memorie  I  have  subscribed  a  pedigree 
(bearing  this  date)  whearein  orderly  and  verbatim 
bee  enrolled  all  the  saide  deedes  charters  writinges 
and  maniments  in  the  custodie  (as  is  aforesaide)  of 
the  saide  Sir  Walter.  Unto  whome  and  his  heires 
and  to  the  heires  of  his  father  by  power  and 
authoritie  to  me  committed  by  letters  pattentes 
under  the  greate  Seale  of  Englande  and  by  virtue 
of  myne  office  aforesaide,  I  doe  by  this  preasantes 
Restore  Ratify  and  Confirm  the  saide  Armes  that  is 
to  say  the  feelde  argente  three  lyons  rompinge  azure 
that  hee  and  they  the  same  maie  beare  use  and 
shewe  forth  in  shielde  cote  armour  or  otherwise 
with  their  due  difference,  at  his  or  their  pleasures 
according  to  their  auncient  and  true  righte  without 
impediment,  lett,  contradiction,  challenge  or  inter- 
ruption of  any  persone  or  persones  whatsoever. 

"  Dated  at  London  the  twentieth  of  August,  Anno 
Domini  1583  and  in  the  Five  and  twentieth  yeare 
of  the  reigne  of  Our  Sovreigne  Ladye  Elizabeth  by 


MEANING  OF  NAME  ii 
the  Grace  of  God  of  Englande,  France,  and  Irelande 
Queene.        "Defender  of  the  Faith. 

"Be  it  further  remembered  that  like  as  the  saide 
familie  of  Mildemay  there  dooth,  as  it  is  before 
declared  belonge  of  greate  antiquitie  this  coate  of 
three  lyons  rampant  azure  in  argent :  Even  so 
through  longe  processe  of  tyme  the  same  growinge, 
as  is  above  noted,  to  decay  and  the  Armes  forgotten, 
in  the  Reigne  of  the  late  moste  noble  Prince  Kinge 
Henrie  the  Eigth — familie  by  the  goodness  of 
Almightie  God  being  raised  upp  againe,  there  was 
given  unto  Thomas  Mildemay  of  Chelmsforde,  and 
untoe  his  posteritie  by  my  then  predecessor  a  Coate 
of  Armes,  viz  : — Silver  and  Sable  (onde  per)  fesse 
three  Greyhound  heades  cuppc,  with  collars  gules 
purflied  or,  which  Coate  by  reason  of  the  saide 
grante  is  lawfully  discended  to  all  ye  children  of  ye 
saide  Thomas  Mildemay  of  Chelmsforde,  and 
therefore  I  the  said  Clariencieulx  nowc  Kinge  at 
Armes  dooe  by  theis  preasantes  testify  and  declare 
that  the  above  named  Sir  Walter  Mildemay 
and  all  the  children  and  posteritie  of  the  saide 
Thomas  Mildemay  of  Chelmsforde  his  father  may 
(with  their  due  difference)  lawfully  and  rightlie 
beare  as  well  ye  saide  newe  as  ye  oulde  depicted 
and  quartered,  as  ye  see  in  the  margent  of  this 
Codicell  written  the  daye  and  yeare  of  Her  Maj^'^ 
aforesaide. 

"  Robert  Cooke  (alias  Clariencieulx)  Roy 
d'Armes." 


12  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

There  are  a  few  illegible  words  in  the  above  con- 
firmation but  not  enough  to  obscure  the  meaning, 
and  the  whole  put  shortly  means  that  the  Herald 
predecessor  of  Robert  Cooke  had  granted  to 
Thomas  Mildmay  of  Chelmsford,  father  of  Sir 
Walter,  a  coat  of  arms  of  three  greyhound  heads, 
which  arms  the  descendants  of  Thomas  were 
entitled  to  use.  Further,  that  he,  Robert  Cooke,  had 
confirmed  to  Sir  Walter  what  he  calls  the  ancient 
arms  of  the  family  of  three  lions  rampant.  They 
are  called  the  ancient  arms  because  they  are  on  the 
seal  of  a  deed  of  Henry  de  Mildeme  of  about  the 
year  1300,  and  can  be  plainly  seen  to  this  day  on 
the  seal  of  that  deed.  The  first  sealed  Mildmay 
deed  is  that  of  Herbert  Mildeme  of  about  the  year 
1270,  and  this  shows  one  lion  only. 

Sir  Walter  used  the  arms  of  the  three  greyhound 
heads,  for  they  are  to  be  seen  on  the  seal  of  a  deed 
by  which  he  bequeathed  to  Christ's  Hospital  an 
annuity  of  £1  I2s.  charged  on  two  messuages  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Botolph,  Aldersgate,  dated  loth  April, 
1556. 

In  Sir  Walter's  coat  were  for  Le  Rous,  Argent, 
on  a  canton  gules,  a  mullet  or  ;  and  for  Cornish, 
sable,  a  chevron  embattled  or,  between  three  roses 
argent. 

In  the  Encyclopedia  Heraldica^  1828,  Berry 
mentions  a  family  of  Mildmar  with  the  same  arms 
of  three  lions  rampant,  but  unfortunately  does  not 
say  to  what  county  they  belonged. 


FOUR  THOMAS  MILDMAYS 


THE  Rev.  Edward  Betham  in  his  'Baronet- 
age relates  that  a  Mildmay  is  supposed 
to  have  accompanied  King  Richard  I  to 
the  Holy  Land,  and  a  writer  in  the 
Globe  of  the  27th  April,  1906,  states  that  the  person 
who  had  charge  of  the  baggage  of  King  John  when 
it  was  lost  in  crossing  the  Wash  was  a  knight  of 
the  name  of  Mildmay.  Both  these  statements  may 
be  correct,  but  we  have  not  been  able  to  find  any 
confirmation  of  them  in  the  many  histories  and 
records  we  have  searched,  though  as  Robert  Cooke 
says  the  Mildmays  were  very  possibly  "Gentlemen 
of  long  and  ancient  descent." 

One  Walter  Mildmay,  as  before  stated,  is  men- 
tioned in  the  reign  of  Richard  III,  but  except  for 
this  the  ancient  documents  referred  to  as  proving 
the  descent  tell  the  little  that  is  known  about  the 
family  before  the  time  of  four  successive  Thomas 
Mildmays,  the  first  being  Thomas  Mildmay  of 
Chelmsford,  Essex,  who  married  Agnes  Reade,  and 
in  his  will,  dated  1547,  describes  himself  as 
Yeoman  and  Merchant.  He  had  several  children, 
but  directly  or  indirectly  only  mentions  four  in  his 
will,  namely,  Thomas,  William,  John,  and  Walter. 

13 


14  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

One  son,  Edward,  predeceased  him,  and  in  his  will 
describes  himself  as  of  London,  gentleman.  He  is 
no  doubt  the  Edward  referred  to  in  this  note. 

"  Cordwaner  Strett.  Edward  Myldemay,  son  of 
Thomas  Myldemay  of  Chelmesford,  Co.  Essex, 
yeoman,  who  was  apprentice  of  Christopher  Cam- 
pion, citizen  and  mercer  of  London,  was  admitted 
into  the  liberty  of  the  City  of  London,  6'^  Oct: 
33  Hen:  VIIL" 

In  one  clause  of  Thomas's  will  of  1547  there  is 
left  to  the  son  William,  "  one  stall  in  which  1  used 
to  stand  every  Wednesday." 

The  market  rights  of  Chelmsford  belonged  to  the 
Mildmays  till  quite  recently,  when  they  were  pur- 
chased by  the  town  from  the  late  Sir  Henry  St.  John- 
Mildmay. 

Thomas  I  did  not  belong  to  the  Court  of 
Augmentations,  as  stated  in  the  D.N.B.,  but  was 
evidently  a  man  of  some  position,  and  had  a  grant 
in  the  29th  year  of  King  Henry  VIII  of  five  tene- 
ments in  the  town  of  Chelmsford  of  an  annual 
value  of  us.  2d.,  for  a  knight's  service,  an  annual 
payment  of  13s.  2d.  and  a  consideration  of  ;^79  6s.8d. 

Also,  as  before  stated,  he  had  a  grant  of  arms. 
The  Reade  family  into  which  he  married  was  also 
armigerous,  so  the  combined  influence  was  able  to 
advance  the  fortunes  of  his  son  Thomas,  who  is  the 
first  to  be  mentioned  in  public  affairs,  and  through 
whom  came  great  increase  of  wealth  to  the  family, 
and  its  consequent  rise  in  influence  and  importance. 

This  Thomas,  the  second  of  the  four,  married 


FOUR  THOMAS  MILDMAYS  15 


Avicia  or  Hawise  Gunson,  who  brought  him  as 
part  of  her  dowry  a  chapel  belonging  to  the  Abbey 
of  St.  Oswith  and  its  tithes,  valued  then  at  £^  per 
ann.  ;  and  the  appurtenances  and  moiety  of  the 
tithes  of  Moulsham,  belonging  to  the  same  Abbey, 
and  granted  by  King  Henry  VIII  to  her  father 
William  Gunson,  Treasurer  of  the  Marine  Causes. 

Thomas  II  was  Auditor  of  the  Court  of  Aug- 
mentations and  of  the  Duchy  of  Cornwall  in  the 
reign  of  King  Henry  VIII,  at  the  time  of  the 
suppression  of  the  Monasteries,  which  office  gave 
him  ample  opportunities  for  enriching  himself  and 
acquiring  large  estates  in  the  County  of  Essex  and 
elsewhere. 

Here  we  may  insert  a  little  extract  referring  to 
the  position  of  Auditor  from  B.M.  Arundel  MS. 
151,  fol.  386. 

"  This  much  is  certain  that  a  great  number  of  men 
who  when  appointed  to  the  office  were  possessed 
only  of  inkhorn  and  pen,  were,  after  two  years,  able 
to  rank  in  wealth  and  estate  with  the  highest  in  the 
land." 

Thomas  the  Auditor  is  a  case  in  point. 

On  20  July,  1540,  Thomas  Mildemaye,  one  of 
the  Auditors  of  the  Court  of  Augmentation,  and 
Avicia  his  wife,  grant  in  fee  for  £622  5s.  8d. 
(twenty  years'  purchase)  of  the  manor  of  Mulsham, 
Essex,  with  the  watermill  of  Mulsham,  and  all 
appurtenances  in  Chelmsford,  Mulsham,  Magna 
Baddowe,  Stokk,  Wydforde,  and  Writell  in  Essex, 
which  belonged  to  the  late  Monastery  of  St.  Peter's, 


1 6  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Westminster,  as  fully  as  William  Boston,  the  late 
Abbot,  held  it.  Rent  £^  14s.  with  liberties, 
and  fee,  except  for  some  small  charges  amounting 
to  2s.  yearly.  Altogether  about  1800  acres. 
There  was  a  house  of  Black  Friars  at  Moulsham 
valued  at  the  dissolution  at  6s.  ^d.  a  year. 
Mulsham  appears  as  Molesham  in  Domesday,  was 
sometimes  written  Mowsham,  and  later  on  became 
Moulsham. 

The  mansion  of  Moulsham  was  built  by  Thomas 
Mildmay  of  so  grand  a  character  that,  as  one  writer 
says  : — "  It  was  then  accounted  the  greatest 
Esquire's  building  in  the  County  of  Essex "  ; 
and  : — "  In  the  said  manor  are  many  fair  gardens 
and  orchards  replenished  with  great  store  of  good 
and  some  rare  kinds  of  fruits  and  herbs.  There 
/  belong  to  it  a  dove  house  of  brick,  a  fair  game  of 
deer  unparked,  a  great  warren,  a  good  fishing 
course  both  in  private  pond  and  common  river,  a 
very  good  watermill,  and  very  greate  store  of 
other  necessary  provisions." 

Though  the  Auditor  is  believed  to  have  built  in 
1542-3,  he  possibly  did  not  do  so  till  some  years 
after  acquiring  the  property,  for  in  the  early  years 
of  the  reign  of  King  Henry  VIII  the  houses 
of  country  ^lentlemen  were  thatched  buildings, 
walls  covered  witn  the  coarsest  clay,  and  lighted 
only  by  lattice^. 

Harrison,  writing  in  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth, 
says  : — "  Such  as  be  latelie  builded  are  commonly 
of  brick  or  stone,  or  both,  their  rooms  large  and 


THOMAS  MII.D.MAV,   AL  DI  lUK  OK    I  HK  tOl'KT  OF  ArOMKM  ATlONS 


FOUR  THOMAS  MILDMAYS  17 

comelie,  and  houses  of  offices  further  distant  from 
their  lodgings."  Windows,  interior  decorations, 
and  furniture  also  improved,  and  became  more 
useful  and  ornamental. 

To  continue  the  Auditor's  acquisitions.  On  the 
24th  November,  1540,  grant  by  King  Henry  VII 1 
to  Thomas  Mildemaye  of  the  House  and  College 
of  Aeon  in  the  City  of  London.  Term  twenty-one 
years,  rent  £2  Pennant  does  not  mention 

house  or  College,  but  says  the  Church  and  Cloisters 
were  granted  by  King  Henry  VllI  to  the  Mercers' 
Company  and  became  Mercers'  Hall. 

Once  more  in  1540,  Annuity  arising  out  of  the 
manor  of  Isleworth  from  the  Abbess  and  Convent 
of  Syon. 

Then,  on  14  February,  1541,  to  Morgan 
Philippe,  alias  Wolf,  Goldsmith,  one  of  the 
Stewards  of  the  Chamber,  and  Elizabeth  his  wife. 
Licence  to  alienate  a  tenement  called  Rynged  Hall, 
and  four  tenements  on  the  highway  on  the  west 
side  of  the  entrance  of  the  said  tenement,  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Thomas  the  Apostle  in  London, 
which  belonged  to  Bewlay  Abbey,  near  Oxford, 
to  Thomas  Mildemaye,  of  London. 

The  Auditor  also  bought  the  manor  of  Little 
Waltham,  and  in  May,  1587,  there  were  licences 
for  selling  the  property  to  different  people. 

The  manors  of  Great  Leighs  and  Bishops  Leighs 
he  purchased  from  Thomas  Howard,  Duke  of 
Norfolk,  and  these  his  heirs  sold.    Waltham  and 
the  two  Leighs  were  in  Essex, 
c 


i8  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Other  properties,  more  or  less  important,  he 
became  possessed  of,  as  is  shown  in  his  will,  but 
he  does  not  seem  to  have  been  always  over- 
burdened with  cash,  for  his  father-in-law,  William 
Gunson,  writing  to  him  ii  August,  1542,  says  : — 
"  Loving  son  at  this  point  I  have  had  your  letter 
written  this  day  at  Chellmysford,  and  perceive  you 
have  command  to  prepare  20  footmen,  and  that 
you  would  be  holpen  with  bows  and  arrows,  and 
bills  if  you  lack  any,  and  that  I  shall  write  to  you 
how  you  shall  act,  and  whether  you  shall  prepare 
coats  for  the  men.  Although  the  preparation  for 
20  be  much,  you  must  needs  do  it,  and  as  for  bows 
&c.  I  am  compelled  to  buy  for  myself  and  so  must 
you,  and  I  suppose  you  must  prepare  coats." 

In  1558  he  was  Sheriff  of  Essex,  and  in  1560, 
acting  in  that  capacity,  he  committed  Anne  Dowe 
for  asserting  that  Queen  Elizabeth  was  in  child  by 
Robert  Duddeley,  for  which  the  punishment  was 
standing  in  the  pillory,  having  the  ears  cut  off,  and 
perhaps  a  portion  of  the  tongue. 

In  Chelmsford  is  a  free  grammar  school,  founded 
and  endowed  in  1552  on  the  petition  of  Thomas 
Mildmay,  Sir  Walter  Mildmay,  and  others  ;  and 
in  Moulsham  are  six  Almshouses  erected  by 
Thomas  Mildmay  in  1565,  and  rebuilt  by  Sir 
William  Mildmay  in  1758.  There  is  a  quaint 
Mildmay  endowment  to  these  Almshouses,  viz. 
the  distribution  of  an  ox  or  bullock  amongst  the 
poor  people  of  Chelmsford  on  Christmas  Eve,  and 
^3  6s.  8d.  to  buy  three  barrels  of  white  herrings 


FOUR  THOMAS  MILDMAYS  19 

and  four  cades  of  red  herrings  for  distribution 
amongst  the  poor  people  of  Moulsham  and  Chelms- 
ford the  first  and  second  week  of  clean  Lent.  A 
cade  was  a  barrel  containing  six  hundred  herrings. 
This  endowment  is  now  used  for  the  purchase  of 
coals. 

At  Dogmersfield  is  the  Queen's  general  pardon 
to  Thomas  Mildmay,  Auditor,  dated  i  Mary, 
October  3. 

The  Auditor  died  21  September,  1566,  and 
was  buried  at  Chelmsford  on  the  26th.  He  left 
instructions  in  his  will : — "  that  his  executors  shall 
erect  a  stone  monument  within  the  Church  wall  at 
Chelmsford  to  the  value  of  /^^o,  engraven  with 
my  arms  and  those  of  my  wife,  with  the  pictures 
of  both,  and  15  children,  one  half  men  children 
and  one  half  women  children." 

The  mathematical  instruction  is  not  very  accu- 
rate, but  the  monument  is  in  Chelmsford  Church, 
and  the  "  picture "  on  it  shows  the  old  Auditor 
kneeling  with  eight  sons  behind  him,  and  Avice, 
his  wife,  with  seven  daughters  behind  her. 

The  monument  resembles  a  sarcophagus  in 
design,  the  lower  part  of  fine  early  Elizabethan 
work,  the  upper  portion  a  later  addition,  very 
inferior  and  not  in  harmony  with  the  lower.  Date 
about  1 57 1.  The  arms  on  it  are  the  three  grey- 
hound heads  couped.  This  monument  formerly 
stood  in  th^  north  chancel  in  the  Mildmay  Chapel, 
from  whence  it  was  moved.  Old  Chelmsford 
Church  once  bore  on  the  outside  of  the  south  wall 


THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


the  following  inscription  : — "  Prey  for  the  good 
estate  of  the  township  of  Chelmsford,  that  hath 
been  willing  and  prompt  of  helpys  to  build  this 
Church.  M.C.C.C.LXXXIX."  This  was  lost 
when  that  side  of  the  church  fell  down  in  1800. 

Avice,  the  Auditor's  wife,  predeceased  him,  for 
she  died  in  1557,  and  we  find  in  Machyn*s  diary 
for  that  year  : — "  The  v  daye  of  October  was  bered 
at  Chernford  in  Essex,  the  wyfF  of  Thomas 
Myldmay,  sqwyre  and  audetor,  with  ij  whytt 
branchys,  and  ij  dozen  of  gret  staffe  torchys,  and 
iii  dozen  of  stockyons,  and  many  mourners  in 
blake." 

According  to  the  Chelmsford  registers  the 
5  October  should  be  the  loth.  v 

The  Auditor  s  eldest  son,  Thomas,  third  of  the 
name,  succeeded  him  at  Moulsham.  He  was 
dubbed  Knight  by  Robert,  Earl  of  Leicester  23 
June,  1566  ;  was  Sheriff,  1568  ;  Deputy-Lieu- 
tenant, 1572  ;  and  M.P.  for  Essex,  1585.  He 
had  much  to  do  with  raising  and  commanding 
the  train  bands,  the  county  being  able  to  furnish 
12,000  men.  Robert  Wrothe,  writing  to  him 
5  March,  1587,  begs  to  be  relieved  from  mustering 
and  certifying  by  the  i8th  of  the  month,  as  this 
is  but  "  Scarborough  v/^.rning"  for  him,  i.e.  no 
warning  at  all. 

In  this  Sir  Thomas's  time  Queen  Elizabeth  on 
her  progress  into  Essex  and  Suffolk  slept  four 
nights  at  Moulsham,  beginning  7  September,  1579. 

That  somewhat  uncertain  sovereign  apparently 


FOUR  THOMAS  MILDMAYS  21 


held  him  in  high  favour,  for  in  Strype's  Annals  for 
1594  we  find  : — 

"  Among  many  good  Princes,  Her  Majesty's 
manly  progenitors,  and  in  other  well  governed 
Commonwealths  at  this  day,  joining  Policy 
with  Pity,  it  hath  been  and  is  reputed  great 
wisdom  to  provide  means,  that  the  certain  number 
of  Foreigners  coming  to  inhabit  this  our  Country 
or  any  other,  and  the  several  occasions  of  their 
coming,  might  be  certainly  known  by  notorious 
and  perfect  registers,  kept  in  some  special  office 
to  be  appointed  for  that  purpose,  of  what  nation 
each  Foreigner  were,  the  cause  of  his  coming,  his 
calling  and  condition,  Art  and  Science,  when  and 
where  he  arrived,  in  what  place  he  inhabited,  and 
what  time  he  returned  again  to  his  own  country. 

"  It  may  now  so  please  Her  Majesty  of  her 
special  Grace  and  favour,  for  these  necessary 
reasons  ensuing,  for  the  yearly  rent  of  £^0  to  be 
paid  into  Her  Highness'  Court  of  Exchequer,  and 
in  consideration  of  the  true  and  faithful  Service 
done  unto  Her  Majesty  for  the  space  of  twenty 
eight  years  now  past  by  Sir  Thomas  Mildmay, 
Knight,  Her  Grace's  servant,  to  erect  an  office 
for  that  purpose  by  Her  Highness'  Letters  Patent, 
making  and  ordaining  him  the  said  Sir  Thomas, 
Officer  tj>ereof,  granting  unto  him  and  his  Assigns 
Power  and  Authority  thereby  for  the  term  of 
21  years,  to  begin  from  the  Feast  of  the  Birth 
of  Our  Lord  God  last  past,  to  make  and  keep  a 
register  of  the  Names,  Ages,  and  Abilities  of  Body, 


THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Countries,  Callings,  Arts,  Sciences,  Places  of  Habi- 
tation, Causes  of  repair  hither,  and  time  of  depar- 
ture hence  of  all  Foreigners  and  Strangers,  now 
being  and  inhabiting  within  Her  Highness'  Realm 
of  England,  and  of  all  others  that  shall  from  time 
to  time  come  into  this  Realm  to  inhabit,  or  pass 
forth  from  the  same,  during  the  same  period  of 
2 1  years,  except  all  Ambassadors  and  their  Trains, 
Noblemen,  or  Gentlemen,  Ladies  or  Gentlewomen, 
coming  of  pleasure  to  see  Her  Majesty  and  her 
Realm,  and  Scots. 

"  Allowing  the  said  Sir  Thomas  or  his  Assigns, 
for  the  first  entry  after,  during  the  continuance  of 
the  said  term,  fourpence  for  every  poll  for  such 
as  be  Householders,  and  twopence  the  poll  for 
Children  and  Servants,  and  fourpence  the  poll  for 
everyone  that  shall  depart  the  Realm  again." 

Then  follow  the  reasons  for  creating  this  office, 
concluding  with  : — "There  be  few  or  no  poor  people 
among  them,  so  as  it  can  not  be  justly  intended 
that  this  Payment  of  6d.  [sic)  for  the  first  entry 
and  4d.  and  2d.  yearly  after  as  aforesaid,  can  not 
(sic)  be  offensive.  And  it  is  very  evidently  seen 
and  known  that  after  they  be  once  settled  here 
they  become  wealthy  in  short  space  however  poor 
and  needy  they  were  at  their  first  coming.  There- 
fore the  Burthen  being  so  small  to  them  nothing 
being  taken  from  any  of  our  own  Nation,  but  so 
many  benefits  growing  to  the  Realm  by  the  means 
of  erecting  the  said  Oflice,  and  a  yearly  Revenue 
coming  to  the  Crown  thereby,  it  may  therefore 


FOUR  THOMAS  MILDMAYS  23 

please  Her  Most  Excellent  Majesty  to  favour  this 
humble  petition  of  the  said  Sir  Thomas,  and  to 
grant  the  same  accordingly." 

All  this  would  seem  to  indicate  a  fairly  large 
ingress  and  egress  of  Foreigners  in  and  out  of  Eng- 
land, for  allowing  £20  as  the  expense  of  carrying 
on  the  office,  Sir  Thomas  would  have  had  to  dis- 
burse £60  yearly,  and  this  would  mean  that  2700 
adults  at  fourpence,  and  1800  children  or  servants 
at  twopence,  would  have  to  arrive  in  or  depart 
from  the  country  before  he  could  derive  any  benefit 
from  the  Act. 

Perhaps  it  was  to  look  after  the  affairs  of  this 
office  that  he  went  to  London,  for  in  the  entries  of 
strangers  resident  in  London  in  1595,  there  appears 
Sir  Thomas  Mildmay  of  Mowsome,  Essex,  in 
Allgate  Ward. 

Whether  the  Alien  Act  was  beneficial  or  not,  it 
was,  at  any  rate,  considerably  easier  for  a  despotic 
sovereign  in  the  sixteenth  century  to  establish  it, 
than  for  a  Prime  Minister  in  the  twentieth  ;  easier, 
too,  to  carry  it  out  when  passed. 

In  1 59 1  a  survey  of  Chelmsford  was  taken  for 
Sir  Thomas,  and  in  this  is  stated  : — "  Chclmsforde 
is  one  ancient  goodly  manor,  situate  in  the  heartc 
of  the  country  in  good  and  wholesome  air,  con- 
veniently and  well  housed,  and  well  built  for 
timber  and  tile.  The  chief  manor  house  was  in 
the  time  of  Edward  the  Therde  brent  and  wasted 
with  fire  ;  and  before  it  seemed  to  have  been  some 
ancient  Barony.    Within  this  manor  is  situate  the 


24  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

town  of  Chelmesforde,  well  situated  with  more  than 
300  habitations,  divers  of  them  seemly  for  gentle- 
men ;  many  fair  inns,  and  the  residue  of  the  same 
habitations  for  victuallers  and  artificers  of  city-like 
buildings.  This  town  is  called  the  Shire  town,  not 
only  by  the  Statute  of  Henry  VII  for  the  custody 
of  weights  and  measures,  but  so  reputed  and  taken 
long  time  before  by  the  keeping  of  all  Assizes  and 
Sessions  of  the  Peace." 

Of  this  Sir  Thomas,  who  died  in  1608,  there  is 
a  half-length  portrait  in  armour  at  Dogmersfield, 
and  at  the  same  place  a  fine  full-length  one  in  robes 
of  his  father,  the  Auditor. 

Sir  Thomas  married,  first.  Lady  Frances  RadclifF, 
daughter  of  Henry,  Earl  of  Sussex,  by  whom  he 
had  a  large  family,  and  this  marriage  brought 
valuable  property  into  the  family,  as  is  shown  in 
the  account  of  Sir  Henry  St.  John-Mildmay. 

The  second  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  was  Margaret, 
daughter  of  Richard  Whethill,  of  London,  by 
whom  he  had  an  illegitimate  son,  Walter,  which 
is  probably  the  reason  why  she  is  generally  omitted 
from  the  pedigree. 

Sir  Thomas  was  succeeded  by  his  son  Thomas, 
the  fourth  of  that  name,  Sheriff  of  Essex  in  1609. 
He  was  created  Baronet  29  June,  161 1  ;  married, 
firstly,  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Puckering, 
Lord  Chancellor  of  England,  and  secondly, 
16  March,  1616,  Anne  Saville,  by  whom  he  had 
three  daughters,  but  died  without  male  issue 
in  1625. 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  OF 
WOODHAM  WALTERS 


THE  heir  to  the  fourth  Thomas  Mildmay 
was  his  brother  Sir  Henry  of  Woodham 
Walters,  Sheriff  of  Essex,  1629,  who 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  coheir 
of  Thomas  Darcye  of  Toleshunt  Darcye.  The 
name  of  Walters  came  from  the  FitzWalters,  who 
formerly  owned  the  property. 

Sir  Henry  was  a  claimant  for  the  Fitz Walter 
Barony,  as  is  more  fully  related  in  the  account  of 
the  FitzWalters. 

In  the  time  of  this  Sir  Henry  an  interesting 
event  is  recorded  as  taking  place  at  Moulsham. 
John  Reeve  writes  : — November  1638/9.  Uppon 
Monday  last  the  King  waited  on  by  the  Lords  and 
the  rest  of  the  Court  went  from  hence  to  Chens- 
ford  and  next  day  to  Mousum  to  Sir  Henry  Mile- 
ma's  where  the  Queene  Mother  had  been  lodged 
the  night  before.  Shee  mett  hym  below  the  Stayres 
in  the  Hall  near  the  Screene  ledd  by  my  Lord 
Goring,  where  after  the  King  had  bowd  towards 
the  hemme  of  her  garment  then  rising  towards 
her  hand  kissed  her  who  held  him  a  great  while 
uppon  her  neck  without  speaking  to  him."^ 

The  above  agrees  very  well  with  the  account  in 
^  Denbigh  Papers,  Hist.  MS.  Com. 
25 


26  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


a  little  book  or  pamphlet  by  P.  de  la  Serre,  en- 
titled, Histoire  de  FEntree  de  la  Reine  Mere  dans  la 
Grande  Bretagne,  In  this  there  is  an  engraving  of 
Moulsham,  which  shows  a  castellated  structure 
walled  round,  with  moat  and  drawbridge,  and  pic- 
tures the  meeting  in  1639  of  King  Charles  I  and 
Marie  de'  Medici  in  the  outer  Courtyard,  thus 
described,  (translated  from  the  French)  page  19  : — 
"  Her  Majesty  left  this  fine  house  (St.  John's 
Abbey,  Colchester)  to  sleep  near  the  town  of 
Chelmsford  in  a  castle  belonging  to  M.  de  Mildmay, 
a  Knight  of  importance,  as  well  for  his  own  merit, 
as  from  the  antiquity  of  his  noble  race." 

Then  follows  a  description  of  how  the  Queen 
and  her  suite  were  lodged  and  entertained,  and  at 
page  22  the  report  continues  : — "  The  next  day  the 
Queen  being  ready  to  leave,  and  just  about  to  quit 
her  room  and  get  into  her  coach,  was  informed 
that  the  King  her  son-in-law  had  arrived  and  was 
entering  the  Castle,  which  obliged  the  Queen  to 
descend  more  promptly  from  her  room  to  the  door 
of  the  Hall  where  one  passed  into  the  Courtyard, 
where  the  King  meeting  the  Queen,  who  came 
towards  him,  after  saluting  him,  kissed  her." 

It  is  this  supreme  moment  that  is  shown  in  the 
engraving  ;  but  this  engraving  is  in  one  point 
strangely  at  variance  with  the  description  of  the 
house  given  in  Morant's  Essex,  for  the  engraving 
distinctly  shows  a  moat  filled  with  water,  and 
Morant  says  : — "  The  manor  is  seated — on  sand  and 
gravel  not  moated  or  encompassed  with  water." 


MOUI.SIIAM   HAI.I.,   AS  Uril.l    i;V    rilOMAS  Mll.DMAY 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  OF  GRACES, 
HIS  SONS  AND  GRANDSONS 

THOMAS     the    Auditor    had  several 
brothers.     One    was   John,  owner  of 
Creatingham,  Suffolk, and  Terling,  Essex, 
who  died  in  1580.    His  eldest  son  was 
John,  and  his  line  finished  with   Robert  in  the 
fourth  generation. 

Terling  was  bought  by  the  Auditor  in  1563, 
passed  to  his  brother  John,  then  to  John's  second 
son  Robert,  and  from  him  to  his  cousin  Robert, 
who  married  his  second  cousin  Cecilia  Haynes,  a 
widow,  daughter  of  Sir  Humphrey  Mildmay  of 
Danbury,  and  they  left  six  daughters,  who  sold  the 
property  to  Thomas  Western.  Cecilia's  portrait 
was  at  Danbury,  and  came  into  the  possession  of 
the  late  Mr.  Edgar  Disney,  member  of  a  family 
that  at  one  time  owned  Danbury. 

Another  of  the  Auditor's  brothers  was  William, 
seated  at  Springfield  Barnes,  Essex.  This  had  been 
held  by  Coggeshall  Abbey,  and,  coming  to  the 
Crown,  was  granted  by  King  Edward  VI  to  William 
Mildmay  with  other  lands,  and  a  chantry  founded 
by  Margaret  Coggeshall  in  Baddow  Church  worth  » 
yearly  £20  i6s.  8d. 

William's  manor-house  stood  near  the  river  as 

27 


28  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


you  go  from  Chelmsford  to  Little  Baddow,  and 
perhaps  it  was  the  picturesque  old  gabled  house, 
with  groups  of  clustered  chimneys,  still  standing 
near  the  ruins  of  the  old  Cistercian  Abbey. 

William,  who  died  13  February,  1570,  married 
a  daughter  of  Pascall  of  Much  Baddow,  and  had  a 
son,  Thomas,  who  was  Sheriff  of  Essex  in  1597, 
and  was  knighted  in  1603  at  the  coronation  of 
King  James  L  He  married  Agnes  or  Alice  Win- 
throp  of  Groton,  Suffolk,  the  names  being  written 
Graveton  and  Winthrope  in  very  old  pedigrees,  and 
in  one  deed  we  have  seen  Wyntroppe  of  Grafton. 

We  believe  Agnes  to  have  been  a  daughter  of 
Adam  Winthrop,  but  she  is  variously  described  as 
his  daughter,  widow,  and  sister.  Sir  Thomas  died 
in  1612  ;  his  eldest  son  was  William,  referred  to 
later  on,  and  his  second  Thomas,  who  extinguished 
himself  by  marrying  a  chambermaid  from  the  house- 
hold of  the  Earl  of  Sussex. 

The  marriage  of  Thomas  and  Agnes  brought 
the  family  into  connection  with  John  Winthrop, 
first  Governor  of  Massachusetts,  and  there  are 
letters  to  the  Governor  referring  to  his  cousin  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay  of  Graces,  third  son  of  Thomas 
and  Agnes. 

At  Boston,  U.S.A.,  is  preserved  a  stoneware  pot, 
"  tipped  and  covered  with  a  silver  lydd,'*  given  by 
Lady  Mildmay,  wife  of  Sir  Thomas,  to  her  brother 
the  Governor. 

Lucy,  Governor  Winthrop's  youngest  sister, 
married  Emmanuel,  son  of  Edmund  Downing, 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  29 

one  of  the  signers  in  1585  of  the  Statutes  of 
Emmanuel  College. 

Emmanuel,  Lucy's  husband,  was  the  father  of 
Sir  George  Downing,  and  in  London  Past  and 
Present^  published  in  1909,  there  is  the  following  : — 

"  Downing  Street  is  named  after  Sir  George 
Downing,  soldier  and  politician,  who  served  both 
Cromwell  and  Charles  11,  and  received  from  the 
latter  a  grant  of  land  at  Whitehall  and  a  Baronetcy, 
and  whose  grandson  founded  Downing  College, 
Cambridge.  Born  about  1623,  Emmanuel 
Downing  of  the  Inner  Temple,  at  the  age  of  about 
fifteen  he  accompanied  his  parents  to  New  England 
and  finished  his  education  at  Harvard,  of  which  he 
was  second  graduate,  if  not  the  first.  In  one  of 
his  farewell  speeches  in  1905  Mr.  Rufus  Choate, 
the  popular  American  Minister  (j/V)  to  this  country, 
claimed  Downing  as  an  American,  and  humorously 
commented  on  the  vileness  which  enabled  him  to 
ingratiate  himself  successively  with  Cromwell,  with 
the  Rump  Parliament,  and  with  Charles  II.  If, 
he  said,  America  seriously  wishes  to  annex  him, 
England  may  be  well  content  to  surrender  this 
unlovely  compound  of  servility,  disloyalty,  and 
stinginess,  whose  character  was  so  well  understood 
in  New  England  that  the  common  expression  there 
for  a  false  man  was  an  *  arrant  George  Downing.*  " 

Lucy  Downing  was  much  with  the  Mildmays  of 
Graces,  and  in  one  of  her  letters  to  her  brother  the 
Governor,  she  writes: — "Sir  Henry  Mildmay  is 
much  worn  with  the  gout.    We  left  him  in  a  sore 


4 


30  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

fit  a  week  since  and  he  takes  it  not  kindlie  that  he 
hath  no  letter  from  you.  He  thinks  it  answers 
not  the  confidence  he  did  put  in  you,  my  Lady 
received  hers  when  we  were  thear."  In  another 
letter: — "I  received  your  kind  letter  and  your 
daintie  fruits  which  were  indeed  as  good  as  old 
England  itself  affords  in  their  kinde,  and  we  being 
at  Graces  I  sent  for  them  thither  and  Sir  Henry 
and  my  Lady  wear  much  taken  with  them.  Sir 
Henry  profest  it  did  much  satisfy  him  that  things 
did  prosper  so  well  with  you." 

Sir  Henry  was  Member  for  Maldon  in  1625, 
1627,  and  1639,  and  Sheriff  of  Essex  in  1628. 

He  married  twice,  and  the  fine  monument  to 
him  and  his  two  wives  is  in  Little  Baddow  Church. 
He  is  in  armour,  lying  down  leaning  on  his  arm 
that  rests  on  a  pillow,  and  under  a  dome  supported 
by  black  marble  pillars.  On  the  base  the  two 
wives  kneeling  :  one  represents  an  elderly  lady  in 
hood  and  scarf,  the  other  a  young  one  superbly 
dressed,  the  whole  in  white  alabaster  in  best  Italian 
Renaissance  style.  The  inscriptions  on  the  tomb 
are  in  Latin  and  English.  That  in  Latin  reads  : — 
"  Here  are  interred  the  remains  of  Henry  Mild- 
may  of  Graces  in  Baddow  in  the  County  of  Essex. 
He  was  a  Soldier  in  the  Irish  wars,  and  was  there 
honoured  with  the  degreeof  Knighthood  in  the  Field. 
His  first  wife  was  Alicia,  the  daughter  of  William 
Harris  of  Crixie,  Knight,  of  the  same  county,  by 
whom  he  had  3  daughters,  Alice,  Mary,  and 
Frances.    His  second  wife  was  Amy,  daughter  of 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  31 


Brampton  Gurdon,  Esqre,  of  Accrington,  in  the 
County  of  Suffolk,  by  whom  he  had  2  sons,  Henry 
and  Walter,  and  one  daughter,  Elizabeth.  He 
died  on  Wednesday  the  ninth  of  October,  in  the 
year  of  Our  Lord,  1639,  aged  61." 
The  English  inscription  is  : — 

"  Eques  auratus,  well  may  he  be  sayd 
Whose  coyne,  not  warlick  courage,  such  hath  made, 
But  unto  Mildmay,  Miles  we  afforde 
As  Knighted  on  the  Field  hy  his  flesht  sworde 
that  Sworde  which  Tyme  shall  never  sheathe  in  rust 
but  hangs  it  as  a  Trophy  on  his  dust." 

From  the  English  inscription  we  may  gather 
that  at  one  time  Sir  Henry's  sword  was  lying  on 
or  suspended  over  his  tomb,  and  both  the  English 
and  Latin  inscriptions  declare  he  was  knighted  in 
the  field,  but  Metcalfe,  in  his  Book  of  KnightSy  says 
he  was  knighted  at  Dublin  Castle,  25  May,  1605, 
Sir  Arthur  Chichester  being  Lord  Deputy. 

He  was  probably  knighted  for  some  deed  in  one 
of  the  rebellions  in  Ireland  that  Sir  Arthur 
Chichester  fomented  and  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  was 
active  in  suppressing. 

Alicia,  Sir  Henry's  first  wife,  brought  the  estate 
of  Burnham  into  the  family. 

After  more  than  four  hundred  years  the  tradition 
still  lingers  in  the  countryside  that  Sir  Henry  was 
not  kind  to  Alicia,  and  that  she  drowned  herself  in 
a  pond,  now  weedgrown  and  nearly  silted  up,  that 
one  passes  when  driving  through  a  gateway  in  a 
stone  wall  close  to  Graces. 


32  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

According  to  Mather,  William,  a  son  of  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay  of  Graces,  with  Mr.  Lyon  as 
tutor  or  attendant,  was  sent  over  from  England  to 
be  educated  at  Harvard  College.  From  the 
Steward's  account-book  it  appears  that  he  and 
Mr.  Lyon  continued  at  the  college  till  1651. 
William  was  ranked  lowest  in  his  class,  but  took 
his  A.M.  degree  in  regular  course  in  1647. 

Sir  Henry  did  not  have  a  son  named  William, 
so  doubtless  Oldmixon  right  in  his  British  Empire 
in  America^  when  he  states  that  the  William  in 
question  was  "  elder  brother  to  Henry  Mildmay 
Esqre  of  Shawford.*'  Henry's  elder  brother  was 
named  William,  and  the  dates  suit. 

Sir  Henry's  successor  at  Graces,  his  elder  son 
Henry,  was  a  bigoted  Puritan,  having  been  edu- 
cated at  Felsted  School  by  Martin  Holbeach,  who 
had  charge  of  the  three  sons  of  Oliver  Cromwell. 

In  the  Rebellion  Henry  commanded  No.  50 
troop  of  horse  under  the  Earl  of  Bedford,  having 
Robert  Mildmay  as  his  Cornet,  and  he  was  Gover- 
nor of  Cambridge  Castle,  where  he  promptly 
quarrelled  with  his  Deputy-Governor,  Captain 
Jordan. 

He  is  most  probably  the  Captain  Mildmay 
referred  to  by  Markham  in  his  History  of  the  Great 
Lord  Fairfax^  as  having  joined  Lord  Fairfax  when 
that  General  advanced  to  the  attack  on  Leeds, 
which  began  Monday,  23  January,  1643,  when 
Captain  Mildmay,  with  a  company  of  dragooners, 
about  30  musketeers,  and  100  clubmen,  took  up 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  33 

a  position  on  Hunslet  Moor,  about  half  a  mile 
from  the  town. 

Henry  sat  in  the  Parliaments  of  Oliver  and 
Richard  Cromwell,  in  1654,  56,  and  59,  and 
after  the  Restoration  was  elected  a  Member  for 
Essex  with  Sir  Fr.  Masham,  in  1689.  He  is 
often  mentioned  in  the  Autobiography  of  Sir  John 
Bramston,  who  was  at  deadly  enmity  with  him. 

The  Puritan  soldier  did  not  become  a  courtier, 
for  he,  with  Sir  Gobert  Harrington  and  others,  pre- 
sented to  King  Charles  II  a  petition  from  Essex 
concerning  the  Parliament.  His  Majesty  did  not 
receive  it  well,  and  said  there  were  some  would 
do  well  to  remember  the  Act  of  Oblivion,  and  to 
take  such  courses  as  might  not  need  another. 
That  he  very  well  remembered  forty,  and  he 
turned  away  saying: — "  Mr.  Mildmay,  I  would  you 
would  remember  forty."  To  which  he  very 
insolently  replied: — "Sir,  I  remember  sixty.'* 

Colonel  Henry,  as  he  is  called  by  contemporary 
writers,  does  not  seem  to  have  made  himself  gener- 
ally agreeable,  for  in  the  Verney  Memoirs  we  read  : — 
"  We  hear  that  Sir  Edward  Turner  at  the  election 
(in  Sussex)  pulled  Mildmay  by  the  nose  and  other- 
wise affronted  him,  for  which  he  said  he  would 
complain  to  Parliament,  and  further  said  that  since 
he  was  hated  by  all  the  gentlemen  in  the  country 
he  would  make  them  fear  him.  One  of  his  friends 
has  since  fought  Sir  Ed:  Turner  and  run  him 
through  the  body,  as  *tis  reported  here." 

Colonel  Mildmay,  though  not  loyal  to  his  King, 

D 


34  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

was  loyal  to  his  country.  In  1698,  when  France 
had  declared  war  against  the  States  General,  they 
appealed  to  England  for  assistance,  to  which  by 
treaty  they  were  entitled.  A  mutiny  arose  among 
the  English  troops  ordered  to  the  front,  which 
caused  considerable  alarm  in  England,  and 
Macaulay  records  in  his  History  of  England  that 
the  matter  being  discussed  in  Parliament: — "  *  Write 
to  the  Sheriffs,'  said  Colonel  Mildmay,  the  member 
for  Essex,  *  raise  the  Militia.  There  are  a  hundred 
and  fifty  thousand  of  them  :  they  are  good  English- 
men.   They  will  not  fail  you.' 

The  Republican  Colonel  died  13  December, 
1692,  and  was  buried  at  Little  Baddow.  His  first 
wife  was  Cecilia,  daughter  of  Walter  Barker  of 
Salop  ;  his  second  wife  his  cousin  Mary,  daughter 
of  Robert  Mildmay  of  Overton,  Northampton- 
shire, of  which  place  Robert  became  possessed  by 
inheritance  from  his  wife.  One  wishes  when  read- 
ing Robert's  will  that  the  jewels  mentioned  in  it 
had  been  preserved  in  the  family. 

Mary,  the  Republican's  second  wife,  died 
15  April,  1 7 15,  aged  78,  and  was  buried  at  Little 
Baddow.  Graces  passed  to  one  of  the  four 
daughters  of  Henry  and  Mary,  who  married 
Edmund  Waterson. 

Little  Baddow  and  Graces,  in  Essex,  and 
Creatingham,  in  SuflFolk,  were  properties  obtained 
through  the  Court  of  Augmentations. 

Baddow  means  bad  water,  on  account  of  the 
danger  at  the  ford  in  flood  time. 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  35 

No  traces  of  Mildmay  habitations  are  to  be 
found  at  any  of  these  places,  except  at  Graces, 
where  there  are  considerable  remains.  An  end 
wall  of  the  house  showing  the  Elizabethan  windows 
now  blocked  up,  some  of  the  front,  parts  of  the 
old  oak  staircase  and  panelling,  long  stretches  of 
wall,  some  being  terrace  or  garden  walls,  some 
parts  of  a  building  with  portions  of  two  bay 
windows. 

Graces  was  named  after  the  old  family  of  De 
Gras,  to  whom  it  had  belonged,  and  must  have 
been  quite  a  large  place. 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  OF 
APETHORPE 


THE  most  famous  of  the  brothers  of  the 
Auditor  was  Walter,  generally  styled  of 
Apethorpe,  Northamptonshire. 

He  was  born  in  1520  or  1521,  and 
his  birthplace  is  believed  to  have  been  Chelmsford. 

The  first  public  mention  of  him  is  in  a  note 
dated  9  June,  1540,  in  the  account-book  of  the 
Court  of  Augmentations,  which  is  authenticated 
thus  : — "  Extr:  per  me  Wa  Mildemay."  So  he  must 
have  been  in  Government  employ  at  an  early  age. 

The  next  notice  we  have  found  of  him  is  in 
May,  1543,  when  he  was  appointed  with  Fra. 
Southwell  to  be  jointly  and  severally  in  survivor- 
ship. Auditor  of  Accounts  of  the  King's  ships  and 
of  all  money  expended  in  the  King's  affairs,  with 
£^0  a  year. 

He  was  in  the  Exchequer  in  the  reign  of  King 
Edward  VI,  by  whom  he  was  made  a  Knight  of 
the  Carpet  22  February,  1546. 

Appointed  Commissioner  for  the  sale  of  Chancery 
lands  17  April,  1548. 

In  1 55 1  he  superintended  the  erection  of  a  new 
Mint  at  York. 

In  1552  was  directed  to  settle  with  the  Crown 

36 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  37 

Accountants  the  effect  of  a  fall  in  the  value  of 
money,  and  in  the  same  year  supervised  the  receipt 
by  the  Crown  of  plate,  jewels,  bells,  etc.,  sur- 
rendered by  the  suppressed  monasteries. 

At  the  burial  of  Edward  VI  he  was  allowed  nine 
yards  of  cloths,  and  his  servants  nine  yards. 

He  was  Member  for  Peterborough  in  the  reign 
of  Queen  Mary,  and  although  almost  a  Calvinist 
was  employed  by  her  and  appointed  Treasurer  for 
the  wars  beyond  the  seas,  in  which  service  he 
went  to  the  siege  of  Calais. 

Later  he  became  Principal  Counsellor,  Sub- 
Chancellor,  and  Under-Treasurer  of  the  Exchequer 
to  Queen  Elizabeth,  and  was  sworn  of  the  Privy 
Council  17  July,  1566.  He  succeeded  as  Sub- 
Chancellor  Sir  Richard  Sackville,  who  died  in 
1556,  and  he  became  Chancellor  5  February, 
1588-9,  the  letters  patent  appointing  him  being 
among  the  Fane  papers,  and  they  carry  a  seal  of 
Queen  Elizabeth  in  fine  condition. 

He  was  never  in  sufficiently  good  Royal  favour 
to  reach  the  highest  preferment,  though  Lodge 
says  he  was  a  candidate  for  the  Seals. 

Sir  Walter  studied  the  law,  in  which  he  became 
proficient,  and  is  said  to  have  been  the  person  who 
first  hit  upon  the  method  of  cutting  off  an  entail. 

Sir  Walter  was  educated  at  Christ's  College, 
Cambridge,  to  which  college  he  was  a  benefactor, 
and  established  there  a  Greek  lecture  of  which 
Mede  was  the  Reader  for  many  years. 

Furthermore,  Richard  Culverwell,  mercer,  and 


38  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Laurence  Chaderton,  Bachelor  of  Divinity,  acting 
for  him,  purchased  for  £sS^  from  Robert  Taylor 
of  Badburgham,  who  had  inherited  it  from 
W.  Sherwoode,  the  site  at  Cambridge  of  a  dis- 
solved house  of  Black  Friars,  and  there  Sir  Walter 
founded  and  endowed  in  1583-4  a  new  college 
called  Emmanuel,  the  foundation  being  sufficient 
to  maintain  a  Master,  three  Fellows,  and  four 
Scholars. 

Sir  Walter  gave  to  the  College  houses  in  Bishops- 
gate  Street,  now  very  valuable  ;  land  at  Barking, 
Essex,  which  curiously  enough  brings  the  same 
rent  of  £20  a  year  that  it  did  when  gifted,  and 
this  means  of  course  a  great  decrease  in  value  ; 
land  at  Standon,  Essex,  house  and  land  at  God- 
manchester,  the  advowson  of  Stanground  and  a 
rent-charge  there,  and  money  to  buy  property  in 
Cambridge. 

He  also  induced  Henry,  Earl  of  Huntingdon, 
Sir  Francis  Hastings,  Sir  Francis  Walsingham,  Sir 
Wolfstan  and  Lady  Mary  Dixey,  Dr.  Alexander 
Nowell,  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  of  Graces,  and  other 
men  of  wealth  and  position,  especially  in  London, 
to  bestow  gifts  on  the  college,  which  then  became 
able  to  maintain  fourteen  Fellows  and  fifty 
Scholars. 

The  Statutes  of  the  college  were  signed 
10  October,  1585,  and  are  preserved  at  the  college. 
There  is  a  contemporary  copy  of  these  Statutes  at 
Dogmersfield,  showing  that  they  were  signed  by 
Sir  Walter,  and  as  witnesses  by  Anthon.  Mildmaye, 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  39 

Hum.  Mildmaye  (Sir  Walter's  two  sons),  Joh. 
Hammon,  Thorn.  Byng,  W.  Lewin,  Tim.  Bright, 
and  Edw.  Downing. 

Among  other  interesting  documents  at  the 
college  is  a  Deed  of  Mortmain  of  the  time  of 
Cromwell,  which  carries  a  grand  seal  in  splendid 
condition  that  displays  quite  clearly  the  Long 
Parliament  in  Session. 

In  the  Statutes  Sir  Walter  wrote  : — "  I  wish  all 
to  understand  that  the  one  object  I  set  before  me 
in  erecting  this  College  was  to  render  as  many  as 
possible  fit  for  the  administration  of  the  Divine 
Word  and  Sacraments." 

He  never  meant,  however,  that  his  college  should 
be  a  School  of  Divinity  and  nothing  more,  for  he 
applied  to  Queen  Elizabeth  for  licence  to  found 
"  an  Everlasting  College  of  Sacred  Theology, 
Science,  Philosophy,  and  the  High  Arts." 

The  founder's  pious  intentions  were  not  always 
regarded,  for  there  are  early  complaints  of  the 
services  at  Emmanuel  College  Chapel,  the  students 
lolling  on  forms  and  pledging  each  other  in 
bumpers  at  the  Sacrament.  In  a  report  to  Arch- 
bishop Laud  is  said  : — "  In  Emmanuel  College  their 
Chapel  is  not  consecrate.  Before  Prayers  begin 
the  Boyes  come  in  and  sitt  downe  and  putt  on, 
and  talk  aloude  of  what  they  list." 

When  Sir  Walter  visited  the  college  at  the  dedi- 
cation festival  in  1587,  the  Mayor  and  Corporation 
of  Cambridge  presented  him  with  a  gift,  costing 
45s.  I  id.,  and  in  the  accounts  of  the  Corporation 


40  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

there  are  entries  of  23s.  and  55s.  respectively  for 
presentations  to  Sir  Walter  on  the  occasions  of  two 
visits  to  Cambridge. 

Laurence  Chaderton  was  the  first  Master  of  the 
college,  and  so  continued  till  1622,  when  he 
resigned. 

The  college  is  in  the  form  of  a  double  quad- 
rangle, being  of  the  same  design  as  that  adopted 
by  Sir  Walter  for  his  house  at  Apethorpe.  The 
range  on  the  south  side  of  the  front  court  was  the 
only  entirely  new  building  erected  by  Sir  Walter. 
The  chapel  (now  the  Library),  the  hall,  the  kitchen, 
and  the  buildings  on  the  west  side  of  the  main 
court  were  adapted  to  college  purposes  from  the 
ancient  buildings  left  by  the  Black  Friars. 

Sir  Walter's  building  was  not  very  substantial, 
and  was  pulled  down  in  1720,  being  replaced  by 
a  range  of  buildings  that  was  burnt  down  in  1 8 1 1 
and  rebuilt  to  the  same  design. 

Sir  Walter  was  so  much  of  a  Puritan  that  he 
made  the  chapel  (now  the  Library)  stand  N.  and  S. 
instead  of  E.  and  W.  This  was  not  pleasing  to 
Queen  Elizabeth,  who,  on  completion  of  the  build- 
ing, said  to  him  when  he  came  to  Court : — "  Sir 
Walter,  I  hear  you  have  erected  a  puritan  founda- 
tion." "  No,  Madam,"  replied  he,  "  far  be  it  from 
me  to  countenance  anything  contrary  to  your 
established  laws,  but  I  have  set  an  acorn,  which 
when  it  comes  to  be  an  oak,  God  alone  knows 
what  will  be  the  fruit  of  it."  The  present  chapel 
stands  E.  and  W. 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  41 

Queen  Elizabeth,  nevertheless,  was  a  benefactress 
to  the  college  by  bestowing  on  it  a  rent-charge  of 
j^i6  13s.  4(1.  taken  from  a  gift  of  hers  to  Oxford. 
Grace  Lady  Mildmay,  and  Sir  Henry,  grandson 
to  Sir  Walter,  were  also  contributors,  as  was 
Thomas  Mildmay,  for  a  silver  can  he  presented 
was  stolen  from  the  college  in  1684. 

In  connection  with  this  college  it  is  interesting 
to  note  that  John  Harvard,  founder  of  the  cele- 
brated Havard  College,  Cambridge,  America,  was 
educated  at  Emmanuel  College,  and  consequently 
at  the  tercentenary  festival  of  that  college  on  the 
19th  June,  1884,  Harvard  was  represented  by 
Charles  Eliot  Norton,  m.a..  Professor  there  of  the 
History  of  Art. 

Sir  Henry  St.  John-Mildmay  also  attended  the 
festival  as  representative  of  the  Founder's  family. 

The  arms  of  Emmanuel  College  arc  the  Mild- 
may lion  holding  a  green  wreath,  and  Emmanuel 
on  a  scroll. 

Sir  Walter  was  author  of  //  Nole  to  Knowe  a 
Good  Man^  and  Latin  poems,  but  both  are  lost. 

Danbury,  in  Essex,  was  purchased  by  Sir  Weaker 
from  the  Earl  of  Northampton  in  the  reign  of 
Edward  VI,  and  he  is  said  to  have  built  the  house 
there  in  which  his  younger  son  lived. 

There  was  an  exchange  of  lands  in  1551  between 
King  Edward  VI,  the  Princess  Elizabeth,  and  Sir 
Walter  Mildmay,  when  the  last  surrendered  lands 
in  Wiltshire  and  Essex,  and  acquired  lands  in 
Oxfordshire,  and  the  manor  and  park  of  Ape- 


42  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

thorpe,  anciently  Apelthorpe,  in  Northamptonshire, 
that  once  belonged  to  Lord  Mountjoy. 

The  house  at  Apethorpe,  with  double  quad- 
rangles, was  begun  by  Sir  Walter  about  the  year 
1564,  presumably  on  the  site  of  an  old  manor- 
house  belonging  in  the  reign  of  King  Henry  VI 
to  a  family  named  Keble,  and  an  old  chimneypiece 
found  in  an  outbuilding  was  pronounced  by  archi- 
tects to  be  of  that  period.  Sir  Walter's  son,  Sir 
Anthony,  considerably  enlarged  the  house,  and  Sir 
Francis  Fane  added  windows  and  gables  to  the 
front  in  1723. 

Sir  Walter  placed  his  arms  and  those  of  his 
wife  over  the  north  gateway  leading  to  the  court, 
also  over  the  chimneypiece  in  the  dining-room 
with  his  motto  "  Virtute  non  vi^'  and  initials 
W.  M. 

About  the  same  time  the  manor  of  Sheviock, 
Cornwall,  was  granted  to  him,  and  sold  by  him  to 
Thomas  Carew  in  1558. 

The  manor  of  Little  Weldon  in  Northampton- 
shire was  passed  to  Sir  Walter  in  the  fifth  year  of 
Edward  VI,  and  this  manor  he  exchanged  for  lands 
in  Somerset. 

"Patent  Roll  933.  5  &  6  Philip  &  Mary. 
Pt.  I.    Membr.  18. 

"In  consideration  of  the  manor  of  Little  Weldon, 
Co  Northants  granted  the  King  and  Queen  by 
Sir  Walter  Mildmay  knt,  and  for  the  sum  of 
£lAS  ^  5i"  P^^^  ^^^^        Walter  and  by 

Henry  Coddenham  gent:  the  King  and  Queen 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  43 

grant  to  the  said  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  knt,  and  the 
said  Henry  Coddenham,  all  their  Lordship  and 
manor  of  Queen's  Camel  otherwise  called  East 
Camel,  and  the  advowson  of  the  Vicarage  and 
Church,  in  the  County  of  Somerset  parcel  of  the 
lands  called  Richmond  lands,  and  also  all  that 
meadow  there,  Home  Close,  and  the  lately  dis- 
parked  Park  there  called  Camel  Park  containing 
by  estimation  120  acres,  and  all  their  messuages, 
lands  &c  in  the  hamlets  of  Hazlegrove,  Parvell, 
and  Langleigh  and  the  meadow  Langleigh  in  the 
Co  :  Somerset,  with  all  granges,  mills,  houses, 
watercourses  &c,  courtsleet,  view  of  frankpledge, 
waifs  and  strays,  &c,  fairs,  markets,  tolls,  customs, 
franchises,  priveleges,  profits  &c  in  East  Camel 
and  Hazlegrove,  Parvell  and  Langleigh  all  being 
parcel  of  Richmond  lands,  as  fully,  freely,  and 
wholly  as  they  were  held  and  enjoyed  by  any  Earl 
or  Countess  of  Richmond,  or  by  any  Duke  of 
Richmond,  or  by  William  late  Earl  of  Southampton. 
They  further  grant  all  woods,  underwoods,  and 
trees  growing  upon  the  premises  within  the  soil 
thereof.  All  which  premises  thus  given  and 
granted  are  valued  at  the  clear  yearly  value  of 
^67  5  8.  To  have  and  to  hold  to  the  said  Sir 
Walter  and  Henry  and  the  heirs  of  Walter  of  the 
Crown  in  Chief  by  the  service  of  one  fortieth  part 
of  one  knight's  fee. 

"  Dated  at  Westminster  18th  day  of  July." 

The  above  copy  of  the  Patent  in  the  Record 
Office,  interesting  in  itself,  is  given  because  county 


44  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

historians  do  not  seem  able  to  decide  where  Little 
Weldon  was  situate.  We  have  seen  stated  the 
counties  of  Norfolk,  Suffolk,  and  Essex  besides  tht 
correct  one  of  Northamptonshire.  Little  Weldon 
is  near  Corby  in  that  county. 

In  August,  1 57 1,  Queen  Elizabeth  granted  lands 
to  Sir  Walter  in  the  forest  of  Rockingham,  and 
other  grants  he  received  for  his  services,  some  of 
which  he  exchanged. 

He  was  returned  to  Parliament  in  1553  as 
Member  for  Maldon,  Essex,  and  from  1556  to  the 
year  of  his  death  represented  the  county  of  North- 
ampton. 

It  is  recorded  of  him  that  he  was  the  first  to 
make  a  speech  of  two  hours*  duration,  and  that  it 
was  a  wise  and  honest  speech.  He  was  an  eloquent 
speaker  with  the  great  gift  of  a  melodious  voice. 

Cecil,  Lord  Burghley,  writing  from  Reading, 
26  September,  1570,  says: — "Sir  Walter  Mild- 
may  and  I  are  sent  to  the  Scottish  Queen — God 
be  our  guide  for  neither  of  us  like  the  message." 
They  were  sent  to  Mary  with  proposals  from 
Queen  Elizabeth  and  their  joint  letter  to  their 
sovereign  describes  their  first  interviews. 

"  It  may  please  Your  Most  Excellent  Majestie 
although  we  have  no  matter  of  much  importance 
to  write  of  concerning  our  charge  yet  we  knowing 
it  our  dutie  to  notifie  our  beginning  and  Your 
Majestie's  expectation  to  understand  the  same,  we 
are  bold  to  trouble  Your  Majestie  with  this  our 
letter  for  discharge  of  the  same. 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  45 

"  We  could  not  before  this  daye  being  Sundaye  in 
the  afternpone  well  come  to  this  housfe,  the  wayes 
being  so  harde  to  passe  with  anie  speede.  And 
being  come  hither  about  three  of  the  clocke,  we, 
after  some  pause,  repaired  to  this  Queene  of  Scots, 
beinge  in  her  side  chamber  where  shee  was  under 
her  Clothe  of  Estate.  And,  at  our  entrie  shee 
came  towards  us  and  after  our  reverences  done  and 
Your  Majestie's  letters  delivered  to  her,  shee  saide 
there  could  be  nothing  on  earth  more  welcome 
than  to  have  anie  person  sente  to  her  by  Your 
Majestie,  her  gude  sister,  after  that  shee  hath 
beene  so  longe  tyme  here  in  your  Realme  without 
anie  comfort,  and  alsoe  to  receive  letters  from 
Your  Majestie  which  shee  had  not  nowe  of  longe 
tyme  done.  And  so  shee  opened  Your  Majestie*s 
letters  and  in  reading  of  them  wee  perceived  that 
shee  changed  her  countenance,  as  seeming  to  be 
much  troubled  thereby,  which  alsoe  shee  imme- 
diately expressed  by  her  wordes,  for  shee  saide, 
as  shee  was  alwayes  glad  to  heare  from  Your 
Majestie,  and  as  shee  was  comforted  with  oure 
cominge,  so  was  shee  now  muche  grieved  to  per- 
ceive that  her  gude  will  and  minde  to  please  Your 
Majestie  was  not  so  understood  and  nothinge  more 
grieved  her  than  to  be  noted  by  Your  Majestie 
withe  the  cryme  of  ingratitude  which  wordes  she 
expressed  withe  a  sorrowful  sound  and  a  watery 
eye,  and  then  shee  saide  that,  as  shee  had  alwayes 
offered  to  Your  Majestie  to  do  anie  thinge  that 
withe  reason  and  honor  shee  mighte  to  serve  Your 


46  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Majestie's  pleasure,  so  shee  was  still  readie  to 
perform  such  thinges,  with  manie  faire  wordes. 
And  then  wee  told  her  that  Your  Majestie  in  hope 
thereof  had  sent  us  twoe  her  and  so  brieflie  wee 
uttered  the  cause  of  oure  cominge  according  to 
the  wordes  contained  in  our  Commission  and  all 
this  beinge  spoken  by  her  and  us  in  suche  sort  as 
wee  thinke  others  standing  bye  heard  not.  Shee 
then  lifted  up  her  speeche  somewhat  higher  and 
saide  shee  never  did  offend  Your  Majestie  in  any 
speeche,  hereof  shee  would  be  reported  by  anie 
that  ever  was  in  her  companie,  and  for  her  thoughtes 
shee  referred  herself  to  Almightie  God  his  Judg- 
ment and  wished  her  harte  and  thoughtes  mighte 
bee  open  to  Your  Majestie  with  sundrie  other 
vehement  speeches  to  that  purpose.  Whereupon 
wee  were  bolde  to  replie  and  saide  that  though 
God  had  not  ordered  that  the  harte  of  creatures 
shoulde  be  opened  to  express  the  inward  thoughtes, 
yet  the  actes  did  alwayes  discover  and  laye  open 
the  harte  and  therefore  wee  were  sure  Your 
Majestie  had  good  proofes  by  manie  her  sundrie 
former  actes  to  thinke  shee  had  dealte  unkindlie 
yea  injuriouslie  with  Your  Majestie  and  evil  recom- 
pensed for  your  kindnesse.  And  therefore  wee 
thoughte  her  best  waye  in  that  shee  had  heretofore 
so  often  tymes  expressed  and  now  to  us  declared, 
that  shee  woulde  doe  anie  thinge  to  make  satis- 
faction for  the  same  to  Your  Majestie  which  you 
woulde  no  wyse  seeke  but  with  conditions  honor- 
able, favorable,  and  reasonable,  and  the  cause  of 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  47 

the  delay  hitherto  to  treate  hereof  had  onely  pro- 
ceeded from  herself  and  such  as  have  their  evill 
doinges  under  her  authoritie.  And  soe,  with  some 
further  wordes  of  lyke  sorte  wee  made  it  manifest 
as  well  to  herself  as  to  others  standinge  bye  that 
shee  was  not  to  be  taken  so  hard  as  by  her  wordes 
shee  would  pretend,  adding  that  at  her  leisure  and 
in  a  more  convenient  place  wee  woulde  bee  more 
bolde  with  her  if  shee  woulde  soe  permit  or  other- 
wise not  to  laye  suche  thinges  before  her  as  shee 
woulde  well  perceive  that  Your  Majestie  had  just 
cause  to  charge  her  with  both  injurie  and  unkind- 
nesse.  Then  shee  altered  her  speeche  and  saide 
shee  woulde  in  anythinge  to  be  required  of  her 
doe  her  utmost  to  make  amendes  and  woulde  alsoe 
soe  answer  us  as  shee  trusted  shee  mighte,  and 
soe  shee  woulde  make  us  to  be  judges  of  her  con- 
formitie.  Shee  did  alsoe  divers  tymes  declare  the 
desyre  shee  hath  to  see  Your  Majestie,  whereuntoe 
we  answered  that  shee  ought  to  consider  that 
princes  be  like  mountaines  that  can  hardlic  meete, 
such  is  their  condition  that  they  lacke  therein  the 
commoditie  that  private  persons  doe  enjoy.  And 
so  wee  ended  this  present  tyme  saying  wee  would 
not  further  trouble  her,  but  that  at  her  commoditie 
the  next  daye  wee  would  wayte  on  her,  to  com- 
mune with  her  further,  whereuntoe  shee  gladly 
agreed,  and  willed  us  to  make  thereof  anie  hour, 
but  we  referred  that  to  herselfe.  And  so  this 
nighte  shee  hath  appoii*.  ed  us  to  be  withe  her 
about  nyne  in  the  morninge.    Wee  doe  forbear  to 


48  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

sende  this  letter  this  nighte,  to  the  ende  that  wee 
may  alsoe  herewith  advertise  Your  Majestie  what 
shall  be  done  tomorrow. 

"  Oct  2.  This  daye  at  nyne  of  the  clocke  in  the 
forenoone,  wee  came  to  the  Queene  of  Scots  beinge  in 
a  private  gallery  where  shee  secluded  her  companie, 
and  haveing  onlie  therewith  her  My  Lord  of  Shrews- 
bury, the  Bishop  of  Ross  and  us  twoe,  shee  saide 
shee  coulde  not  but  continue  her  greefe  that  shee 
conceived  by  Your  Majestie's  letters  and  before 
shee  could  enter  into  communication  of  any  other 
matters,  shee  desyred  us  to  heare  what  shee  could 
saye  in  her  defence,  and  alsoe  what  wee  woulde 
charge  her  with,  so  that  shee  might  answere. 
Whereuntoe  wee  told  her  that  wee  had  no  meaning 
to  charge  her  with  anie  lyinge  except  by  her  defence 
of  herselfe  shee  woulde  occasion  us  to  doe.  And 
in  the  end  shee  consented  and  entered  into  greate 
and  earneste  attestations  of  her  conscience  and  how 
muche  shee  desyred  Your  Majestie's  favour  and 
how  void  shee  was  of  evill  thought,  and  then  wee 
begonne  to  charge  her  withe  all  manner  of 
[obliterated]  contayned  in  oure  instructions,  begin- 
ninge  withe  her  pretence  made  to  Your  Highness' 
title,  and  soe  with  all  thinges  unkindlie  done  in 
Scotland  and  persons  lyinge  here  in  England.  To 
all  whiche  shee  laboured  to  give  particular  answeres 
but  wee  found  her  most  troubled  and  amazed  that 
wee  charged  her  to  have  had  intelligence  with  Your 
Majestie's  enemies,  wherein  shee  would  not  denye 
but  shee  understood  divers  thinges  from  them,  but 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  49 

they  never  had  anie  comfort  from  her,  and  charginge 
her  that  shee  did  not  well  in  concealinge  of 
thinges  uttered  to  her,  shee  saide  when  shee  made  so 
earnest  suite  at  Bolton  to  come  to  see  Your  Majestie 
shee  meant  then  to  have  shewed  Your  Majestie 
some  thinges  that  she  otherwise  coulde  not  doe. 
In  the  debate  of  these  thynges  shee  oftentymes  fell 
intoe  weepinge  and  sorrowfull  speeches,  and  so  wee 
continued  by  her  owne  occasions  and  repititions  of 
her  defence  until  12  of  the  clocke. 

"  This  morning  unlookedfor  wee  have  scene 
winter  enter  intoe  these  Peakyish  mountaines  have- 
ing  a  large  snow  fallen  arounde  aboute  us  soe  as  if 
this  weather  follow  as  it  hath  begune  wee  shall  wish 
ourselves  awaye.  And  in  the  mean  season  wee 
beseeche  God  Almightie  longe  to  preserve  Your 
Majestie  to  his  Honour  and  the  weale  of  all  your 
humble  and  true  subjects. 

"From  Chatsworth  House  the  2  October  1570." 

The  terms  brought  by  Lord  Burghley  and  Sir 
Walter  Mildmay,  as  set  forth  in  Spotswood,  were 
very  rigorous  and  apparently  sincere,  but  Mary 
soon  became  convinced  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  in- 
sincerity. 

In  another  letter  describing  the  visit  to  Chats- 
worth,  Sir  Walter  dwells  on  Mary's  fascinating 
manner  and  soft  words,  but  puts  all  down  to  "  Arts 
and  Intrigues." 

He  was  one  of  the  judges  on  her  trial  at  Fother- 
ingham,  which  is  close  to  Apethorpe,  and  is  shown 
in  the  contemporary  drawing  of  the  trial  of  Queen 


so  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Mary  in  the  Calthorpe  MS.,  cf.  The  Tragedy  of 
Fotheringay^  by  Hon.  Mrs.  Maxwell  Scott. 

He  was  also  present  at  her  execution,  and 
probably  his  strong  Puritan  anti-Popish  feelings 
made  him  indifferent  to  the  tragic  fate  of  an 
unlucky  woman. 

Sir  Walter  was  one  of  those  consulted  about  the 
marriage  of  Queen  Elizabeth  with  the  Duke  of 
Anjou,  and  seems  to  have  been  rather  in  favour  of 
it. 

In  April,  1580,  he,  with  Lord  Burghley,  Robert, 
Earl  of  Leicester,  Sir  Francis  Walsingham,  and 
others.  Lords  of  the  Council,  wrote  to  Archbishop 
Grindal  on  the  occasion  of  an  earthquake  in  York- 
shire, commending  his  form  of  prayer  to  be  used 
in  all  the  parish  churches  for  the  turning  of  God's 
wrath  from  us. 

The  earthquake,  according  to  the  histories  of  the 
time  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  does  not  seem  to  have 
been  very  alarming. 

The  account  drawn  up  by  Wm.  Stanton  for  Lord 
Burleigh  of  the  "order  of  diets'*  for  various  persons 
at  Hertford  Castle,  where  two  good  messes  of  meat, 
always  according  to  the  days,  were  allowed,  and 
always  on  the  fish  days  two  dishes  of  fish,  mentions 
Sir  Walter,  and  says  there  were  told  off  to  attend 
on  him  two  gentlemen  and  five  or  six  yeomen. 

The  expense  of  such  attendance  was  probably 
not  inconsiderable,  for  in  the  household  accounts  of 
Richard  Bertie  and  the  Duchess  of  Suffolk,  his  wife, 
appears  in  September,  1562,  "To  two  keepers  of 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  51 

Sir  Walter  Mildmayes'  12/-"  This  means  about 
£^  according  to  the  present  value  of  money. 

It  is  curious  to  read  how  money  was  obtained  in 
the  time  of  Sir  Walter  for  State  purposes,  for  one 
of  his  first  duties  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth 
was  when  he  was  commissioned  with  Robert,  Lord 
Dudley  and  others  to  treat  and  compound  with  all 
such  persons  as  held  £^0  a  year  in  land  and  re- 
fused to  take  the  order  of  Knighthood.  This 
seems  to  indicate  that  knights  were  as  freely  made 
in  the  sixteenth  century  as  in  the  twentieth. 

Sir  Walter  also,  and  others,  furnished  lists  of 
persons  to  whom  Privy  Seals  could  be  sent,  or,  in 
other  words,  persons  who  could  be  made  to  contribute 
to  the  Queen's  needs,  and  were  able  to  make  loans. 
A  forced  contribution  somewhat  contradicts  his 
remarks  about  the  Queen  made  in  a  speech 
mentioned  further  on. 

In  1588  he  provided  5  lances,  15  light  horse,  and 
8  petronels  for  the  Queen's  service. 

From  what  is  recorded  of  Sir  Walter  it  is  to  be 
gathered  that  he  was  a  prudent,  high-minded  man, 
unbending  in  public  matters,  but  gentle  in  private 
life,  and  anxious  to  do  good  in  all  ways. 

He  served  his  sovereign  and  his  country  faith- 
fully and  well,  and  was,  as  Camden  says,  a  man 
who  "  for  his  virtue,  wisdom,  and  piety,  favour  to 
learning  and  learned  men,  hath  worthily  deserved 
to  be  registered  among  the  best  men  of  his  age." 
And  again: — "One  who  discharged  the  offices  of  a 
good  citizen  and  a  good  man." 


52  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


A  contemporary  account  says  : — "The  Prince 
and  Council  made  great  accounts  of  his  wisdom,  in 
Council  or  in  Star  Chamber  his  onely  word  passed 
as  law,  to  all  suitors  he  was  a  comfort,  most  modest 
in  speech  and  behaviour.  He  spake  words  before 
his  death  of  great  moment,  yea,  his  gracious  and 
last  adieu  is  worthy  to  be  in  letters  of  gold." 

Unfortunately  his  last  adieu  has  not  been  pre- 
served. 

His  daughter-in-law,  wife  of  Sir  Anthony, 
records  in  her  diary  : — "  Myne  owne  observation 
of  Sir  Walter  Mildemay.  Having  beene  with  him 
almost  twenty  years  uprysing  and  downe  lying  in 
his  house,  who  was  so  wyse,  eloquent,  and  method- 
icall  in  all  his  speeches  which  proceeded  from  a 
clere  judgment  and  true  grounded  discernment  of 
whatever  he  spake  of  with  the  applause  of  all  men 
that  heard  him.'' 

Miss  Aikin  writes  of  him  as: — "  One  of  the  most 
irreproachable  public  characters,  and  best  patriots 
of  his  age." 

Fuller,  in  his  quaint  way,  thus  expresses  Sir 
Walter's  conduct  and  its  consequences  : — "  Being 
employed  by  virtue  of  his  office  to  advance  the 
Queen's  treasure,  he  did  it  industrially,  faithfully, 
conscionably,  without  wronging  the  subject,  being 
very  tender  of  their  priveleges,  insomuch  that  he 
once  complained  in  Parliament,  that  many  subsidies 
were  granted,  but  no  grievances  redressed,  which 
words  being  misrepresented  to  the  Queen  made 
her  to  disaffect  him,  setting  in  a  Court  cloud  but 


SIR   WAI.TKR   Mll.DMAV,   C  1 1  A  N  CK  1. 1 ,( )  K   OF    NIK  K  .\  (  1 1  l.i  J  T  K  K  !(• 

«jui;i<:\  ki.i/.ai;i:th 


1 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  53 

in  the  sunshine  of  his  Country  and  a  clear  con- 
science." 

Writing  from  Apethorpe  in  September,  1569,  to 
Cecil,  Sir  Walter  says  : — "  that  the  Queen's  safety 
and  the  preservation  of  the  cause  of  religion,  are 
the  two  pillars  on  which  the  security  of  the  State 
is  founded";  and  in  Parliament,  in  1581,  he 
eulogised  the  Queen.  He  spoke  of  the  moderation 
of  her  Government  and  the  prosperity  which  Eng- 
land had  enjoyed  while  the  rest  of  Europe  was 
in  flames.  He  dwelt  on  the  successive  attempts 
that  had  been  made  to  destroy  the  Queen,  and  said 
that  so  far  she  had  been  able  to  encounter  these 
plots  at  her  own  cost.  The  country  had  been  called 
on  for  little  or  no  assistance.  The  few  subsidies 
for  which  she  had  asked  had  not  covered  half  her 
expenses,  and  without  loan  or  benevolences  she  had 
carried  on  the  Government  out  of  her  private 
revenues.  England  under  her  moderate  rule  enjoyed 
more  freedom  than  any  nation  under  the  sun.  She 
had  been  personally  a  virtuous  princess,  unspotted 
in  word  or  deed,  merciful,  temperate,  a  maintainer 
of  peace  and  justice. 

Edmund  Bohun,  in  his  Character  of  Queen 
Elizabethy  ed.  1693,  says: — "She  raised  Sadler 
from  nothing,  Mildmay  and  Fortescue  from  mean 
fortunes  to  the  honour  of  knighthood,  and  made 
them  Privy  Councillors  for  their  good  services, 
and  lest  that  dignity  should  suffer  by  the  meanness 
of  their  Estates,  she  gave  them  a  competency,  by 
way  of  addition  to  what  they  had  before."  The 


54  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

knighthood  is  wrong,  for  Sir  Walter  was  knighted 
by  King  Edward  VI. 

Queen  Elizabeth  may  well  have  been  aware  of 
Sir  Walter's  devotion  to  her,  for  she  is  said  to  have 
shown  great  grief  at  his  death,  on  the  31st  May, 
1589.  His  will  is  dated  6  April,  1588  ;  one 
bequest  in  it  leaves  to  Lord  Burleigh  "  a  guilte 
potte  with  cover  which  the  late  Earle  of  Essex 
gave  me."    This  has  disappeared. 

There  are  portraits  of  Sir  Walter  at  Dogmers- 
field,  one  at  Knole,  and  a  threequarter-length  on 
panel  in  black  suit  and  hat  with  ruff,  inscribed 
"a.d.  1573,  aetat.  suae  52,"  belonging  to  W.  R. 
Fane,  Esq.,  of  Fulbeck,  which  was  purchased  at 
the  Apethorpe  sale.  There  are  also  pictures  of 
Sir  Walter  and  his  wife  at  Emmanuel  College, 
fully  described  in  the  college  magazine,  Easter 
term,  1906,  two  of  these  pictures  being  accounted 
for  in  the  following  letter  : — 

"  To  the  Rev.  Dr.  Richardson,  Master  of 
Emmanuel. 

"  Admiralty,  y^/)n7  13,  177 1. 

"  Sir,  I  have  now  in  my  possession  the  picture 
of  your  foundress  Lady  Mildmay,  which  is  framed 
and  is  a  proper  companion  to  that  of  her  husband 
which  you  was  so  obliging  as  to  allow  a  place  to  in 
your  College.  You  will  receive  this  in  the  course 
of  next  week,  and  as  I  fear  it  is  now  the  custom  of 
mankind  to  have  some  advantage  in  everything 
they  do,  I  shall  hope  for  so  hospitable  and  agree- 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  55 

able  a  dinner  in  the  Lodge  at  Emmanuel  College 
some  time  next  summer,  as  I  met  with  when  you 
was  in  possession  only  of  Lady  Mildmay's  better 
half. 

"  I  am  with  great  regard 

"  Your  most  obedient  humble  Servant 

"SANDWICH." 

According  to  Grainger,  the  picture  of  Sir  Walter 
mentioned  in  the  preceding  letter  was  given  to  the 
Earl  of  Sandwich  by  the  Rev.  H.  Jerome  de  Salis, 
and  said  to  be  a  portrait  from  life. 

Curiously  enough  there  is  nothing  in  the  records 
of  Emmanuel  College  which  enables  the  authorities 
there  to  identify  the  two  pictures  given  by  the  Earl 
of  Sandwich,  but  what  is  still  more  strange,  the 
picture  in  the  place  of  honour  in  the  hall,  and 
called  the  Founder's  portrait,  is  almost  certainly 
not  a  portrait  of  Sir  Walter,  for  it  bears  no  re- 
semblance to  any  of  the  other  portraits  of  him, 
which  do  all  resemble  each  other. 

It  was  purchased  at  a  sale  in  Norfolk,  and  the 
catalogue  of  that  sale  makes  no  mention  of  a 
picture  of  Sir  Walter,  but  does  mention  that  of  a 
Dutch  burgomaster,  which  this  so-called  Founder's 
picture  seems  to  represent.  There  is  a  replica  of 
this  picture  at  Dogmersfield. 

On  the  7th  June,  1907,  there  was  sold  at 
Christie's  a  picture  belonging  to  the  Duke  of  Fife, 
called  Sir  Walter  Mildmay,  by  Kyston,  a  painter 
not  mentioned  by  either  Bryan,  Pilkington,  or 


56  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Redgrave.  The  picture  is  a  half-length  3 7"  X  28 J", 
and  represents  a  grey-haired  man  with  a  slight 
resemblance  to  undoubted  likenesses  of  Sir  Walter ; 
but  by  his  side  are  a  sword  and  helmet,  things  not 
compatible  with  Sir  Walter's  career.  In  one  corner 
is  a  coat  of  arms,  correct,  and  the  motto  "  Allah  Ta 
Harah,"  of  which  Sir  Walter  had  never  heard. 

In  May,  191 1,  Captain  Charles  St.  John-Mild- 
may  of  Hollam  wrote  to  us  to  say  he  had  just 
bought  a  half-length  portrait  on  panel  of  Sir  Walter 
Mildmay. 

Sir  Walter's  signature  is  to  be  seen  on  many 
documents,  among  those  at  Dogmersfield  being  the 
copy  of  the  Statutes  of  Emmanuel  College  before 
referred  to,  and  an  order  for  the  payment  of  6s.  8d. 
to  Iveson,  a  Queen's  messenger. 

Sir  Walter  had  a  house  in  the  cloisters  of  St. 
Bartholomew,  for  which  he  paid  the  peppercorn 
rent  of  ^d,  a  year,  and  there  he  probably  died,  for 
he  was  buried  in  St.  Bartholomew  Church,  and  his 
monument  there  of  rich  coloured  marbles  and 
alabaster  is  of  course  well  known. 

The  inscription  is  simple,  and  records  : — 

"  Here  lies  Sir  Walter  Mildmay,  Knight,  and  Mary  his 
wife 

He  died  on  the  last  day  of  May  1589 
"She  on  the  i6th  March  1576 
"  They  left  2  sons  and  3  daughters 
"  He  founded  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge 
"  He   died   Chancellor  and  under  Treasurer  of  the 
Exchequer 

"  And  a  Member  of  Her  Majesty's  Privy  Council." 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  57 

There  are  seven  shields  on  the  tomb  : — 

Mildmay — Mildmay  and  Walsingham — Barrett 
and  Mildmay — Mildmay  and  Capel — Brouncker 
and  Mildmay — Leveson  and  Mildmay — Mildmay 
and  Sherrington. 

As  long  ago  as  May,  1785,  a  writer  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine  drew  attention  to  the 
ruinous  condition  of  Sir  Walter*s  monument,  and 
suggested  that  Emmanuel  College  should  repair 
damages.  This  apparently  the  College  did  not  do, 
for  when  the  monument  was  moved  from  the  arch 
opposite  to  the  tomb  of  Revere  to  its  present 
situation  in  1865,  fallen  into  a  terrible  state 

of  dilapidation  ;  but  in  1870,  at  the  instigation  of 
the  present  writer,  was  by  direction  of  the  late 
Mr.  Bingham  St.  John-Mildmay  admirably  and 
accurately  restored  at  considerable  expense. 

Others  of  the  family  were  buried  in  Sir  Walter's 
vault,  one  being  his  great  granddaughter,  Rachel 
Bromley. 

There  was  a  MS.  of  Sir  Walter's  at  Apethorpe, 
consisting  of  a  series  of  sentences  giving  good 
advice  to  his  son  Anthony.  This,  by  permission 
of  Anthony  Mildmay,  thirteenth  Earl  of  West- 
moreland, was  copied  by  the  late  Rev.  Arundel 
St.  John-Mildmay  and  printed.  In  it  the  Chan- 
cellor says  :  "  Speak  well  of  all,  speak  ill  of  none." 
"  Choose  thy  wife  by  virtue  only,  seke  no  match 
above  thy  degree."  "Thy  children  bring  up  in 
virtue  and  learning."  "  At  thy  table  be  honestly 
merry,  but  nothing  pass  thee  to  the  hurt  of  any 


58  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


present  or  absent."  "  Grieve  not  thy  tenants  with 
exactions  " — and  many  more  wise  admonitions  of 
a  like  kind — ending  with,  "Finally,  my  son,  Love 
God,  Fear  him.  Learn  to  live  and  die." 

Sir  Walter  married,  25  May,  1646,  Mary, 
sister  of  Sir  Francis  Walsingham,  Secretary  of 
State,  a  stiff,  stern  woman  and  a  hard  and  rigid 
Puritan. 

Sir  Francis  was  at  one  time  Ambassador  in 
France,  and  complains  to  his  brother-in-law  in  his 
letters  that  his  allowance  was  quite  insufficient  for 
his  expenses,  so  Sir  Walter  helped  to  pay  for  his 
journey  when  returning  home. 

At  Fulbeck  are  two  volumes  of  Cicero  purchased 
at  the  Apethorpe  sale,  given  by  Sir  Francis  Wal- 
singham to  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  in  the  last  year  of 
the  reign  of  Queen  Mary,  with  the  inscription  : — 

"  Quo  me  mea  fata  trahunt,  nescio." 

Sir  Walter's  daughter  Martha  married  16  January, 
1568-9,  Sir  William  Brouncker,  ancestor  to  Lord 
Brouncker  ;  Winifred  married  William  Fitz- 
William  of  Gainspark,  Essex,  an  ancestor  of 
Earl  FitzWilliam  ;  and  Christian  (or  Catherine) 
married,  first,  Charles  Barrett  of  Belhus,  Essex, 
ancestor  to  Lord  Dacre,  and  became  mother  of 
Lord  Barrett  of  Newburgh,  and  secondly  Sir  John 
Leveson. 


SIR  ANTHONY  MILDMAY 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY'S  elder  son 
Anthony  succeeded  to  the  Apethorpe 
estate  and  others,  and  bought  Nassington 
Manor,  near  Apethorpe. 
Anthony  was  educated  at  the  Peter  House, 
Cambridge,  and  according  to  Nicholls,  in  the 
Progresses  of  Queen  Elizabeth^  it  is  to  him  that  refer- 
ence is  made  in  the  account  of  the  reception  of 
the  Queen  at  Cambridge  in  August,  1654,  in  which 
is  said  : — "  She  went  into  Pembroke  Hall  and  Peter 
House,  and  in  both  places  heard  an  oration,  and 
at  the  Peter  House  she  much  commended  the  son 
of  Sir  Walter  Mildmay,  who,  being  a  child,  made 
a  very  neat  and  trim  oration,  and  pronounced  it 
very  aptly  and  distinctly." 

Anthony,  when  quite  young,  married,  in  1567, 
Grace  Sherrington,  a  Wiltshire  lady,  a  woman 
of  considerable  ability,  and  who  brought  him  a 
large  fortune.  This  marriage  was  arranged  for 
her  before  she  was  fifteen,  and  took  place  in  her 
sixteenth  or  seventeenth  year,  for  she  was  born  in 
1 55 1.  Grace,  according  to  her  diary,  had  great 
difficulties  to  contend  against  over  the  inheritance 
left  her  by  her  father.  Sir  Henry  Sherrington  of 
Lacock  Abbey,  Co.  Wilts,  and  says  that  her  sisters 

59 


6o  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


and  uncle  intrigued  against  her.  Most  probably 
there  was  a  temporary  misunderstanding,  for  though 
she  did  not  inherit  Lacock  Abbey,  she  was  left  a 
great  deal  of  land  in  and  adjoining  the  parish  of 
Lacock,  viz.  Bewley  Court,  Bowden  Park,  and 
manors  of  Queenfield  and  Sheen,  all  of  which 
were  sold  by  her  grandson,  Mildmay  Fane,  Earl  of 
Westmoreland. 

Anthony  does  not  seem  to  have  developed  such 
intellectual  powers  as  those  of  his  father,  but  he 
became  a  man  of  importance  in  his  county  and  at 
Court. 

At  least  once  he  went  into  action,  when  he  with 
Sir  Edward  Montagu  moved  with  their  men  and 
horses  against  the  rebels  at  Newton  Field.  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay  commanded  their  horsemen  and 
behaved  very  gallantly. 

Anthony  was  fond  of  travel,  and  was  almost 
certainly  employed  by  Queen  Elizabeth  in  various 
capacities,  but  his  first  great  public  duty  came  when 
he  was  nominated  by  her  Ambassador  to  King 
Henry  IV  of  France  in  1596,  on  which  occasion 
he  was  knighted.  Writing  to  thank  for  the  ap- 
pointment, he  professed  to  be  unsuited  for  the 
post  from  his  want  of  knowledge  of  the  country 
and  language,  as  he  had  not  been  there  for  twenty- 
one  years. 

Sir  Anthony,  soon  after  reaching  Paris,  made  an 
offer  from  the  Queen  to  the  King  for  the  recovery 
of  Calais,  on  the  condition  that  it  might  remain  in 
her  hands  until  the  money  expended  had  been 


SIR  ANTHONY  MILDMAY  6i 


repaid.  The  King,  asking  who  should  command 
the  army,  and  Sir  Anthony  answering  the  Earl 
in  chief  and  Sir  John  Norreys  as  second,  with 
a  disdainful  smile,  is  said  to  have  replied  : — 
"  Que  le  General  Norreys  avajt  trop  de  besogne 
taillee  en  Irlande,  et  que  sa  Majeste  ne  laisseroit 
jamais  son  cousin  d'Essex  elloigner  de  son  cos- 
tillon."  Upon  the  Ambassador*s  report  of  this 
remark.  Her  Majesty  returned  four  lines  in  her 
own  hand,  upon  receipt  of  which  from  Sir  Anthony's 
hands  the  King,  having  read  them  with  a  mani- 
fest alteration  of  countenance,  was  ready,  lifting 
up  his  arm,  to  have  stricken  him,  but  checking 
himself,  commanded  him  to  leave  the  chamber. 

Queen  Elizabeth's  little  note  would  be  interest- 
ing reading,  and  probably  startling,  for  she  was  apt 
to  put  plainly  what  she  had  to  say. 

According  to  Fuller,  Sir  Anthony  visited  Geneva 
during  the  time  he  was  Ambassador,  which  hardly 
seems  likely. 

Opinions  certainly  differed  as  to  Sir  Anthony's 
judgment  concerning  affairs  in  France,  for  Lord 
Burghley,  writing  to  his  son,  8  July,  1597,  says  : — 
"  Your  other  letter  from  Sir  Anthony  Mildmay 
with  the  copy  of  the  King's  letter  to  him,  can 
scantly  have  any  good  scence  whereon  to  found 
any  present  counsell.  For  1  see  no  likelihood  for 
the  French  King  to  seke  peace  at  this  present." 

Dudley  Carleton,  in  a  letter  of  6  June,  1598, 
writes  : — "  1  find  Sir  Anthony  Mildmay  is  not  to  be 
employed  again,  his  assurance  that  the  peace  would 


62  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


never  come  to  pass  has  discredited  his  judgment." 
These  two  statements  are  contradictory,  for  Lord 
Burghley  credits  Sir  Anthony  with  but  little  sense 
for  saying  there  would  be  peace  in  France,  and 
Carleton  says  he  is  condemned  for  affirming  there 
would  not  be  peace. 

Chamberlain  did  not  rate  him  over  highly,  for  in 
one  of  his  letters  to  Carleton  he  writes  : — "  1  am 
exceeding  glad  to  heare  how  well  you  are  enter- 
tained by  my  Lord  Ambassador  of  whom  I  pre- 
sumed no  lesse,  for  though  I  always  knew  him  to 
hQ  pancorum  hominum  yet  he  hath  ever  shewed  him- 
self an  honorable  fast  friend  where  he  found  vertue 
and  desert/' 

Sir  Anthony  was  not  persona  grata  to  Henry  IV, 
who  disliked  his  cold,  uncordial  manner,  but  Sir 
Anthony  did  not  reciprocate  the  ill-feeling,  for  in 
his  observations  on  the  State  of  France  during  his 
Embassy,  written  in  August,  1597,  he  begins: — 
"The  King  is  a  man  of  very  good  and  tractable 
nature." 

In  a  folio  "  History  of  England  by  several 
Hands"  is  said  that,  in  1597,  "Queen  Elizabeth 
remonstrated  with  Henry  IV  of  France,  and  that 
her  statement  was  warmly  expostulated  with  the 
King  by  Sir  Anthony  Mildmay  Her  Majesty's 
Residentiary.  He  was  indeed  a  gentleman  of  a 
true  honest  English  principle,  and  would  now  and 
then  take  the  freedom  to  charge  the  French  King's 
Council  with  Trickery  and  Legerdemain,  and  used 
to  say  that  they  made  a  property  of  the  English 


SIR  ANTHONY  MILDMAY  63 

by  shifting  them  off  with  trifling,  loose,  and 
ambiguous  Answers." 

Notwithstanding  what  Carleton  says,  Sir  Anthony 
was  again  oflfered  the  post  of  Ambassador  in 
France  in  1598,  which  he  declined,  and  his  reasons 
for  declining  may  very  probably  be  found  in  a 
letter  of  his  to  Sir  Robert  Cecil,  in  which  he  sets 
forth  that  he  has  served  the  Queen  both  in  Court 
and  other  places  for  thirty  years  at  great  charge, 
wherein  he  has  consumed  whatever  his  father  left 
it  in  his  power  to  sell.  Has  lately  bestowed  his 
daughter  in  marriage,  parting  with  /^^oo  in  land 
for  her  advancement  ;  his  debts  are  great  through 
his  last  employment,  and  what  remains  is  but  a 
bare  rent,  which  disables  him  almost  utterly  from 
keeping  open  his  doors  any  longer,  and  what 
grieves  him  most  disfurnishes  him  from  doing 
Her  Majesty  service.  He  prays  Cecil  to  make 
this  known  to  the  Queen  that  his  absence  from 
attending  her  may  not  be  mistaken,  and  the  want 
known  may  be  either  supplied  by  her  bounty  or 
his  default  pardoned.  If  the  Queen  does  not  think 
him  worthy  of  any  reward  for  his  long  services, 
prays  for  leave  to  absent  himself  for  three  years 
beyond  the  seas,  to  recover  strength  of  body, 
mind,  and  means.^ 

The  dating  of  this  letter  is  interesting  as  show- 
ing that  when  in  London  he  probably  lived  in  the 
same  house  that  his  father  had  occupied. 

Bohun,  in  his  Character  of  Q^ueen  Elizabethy 
^  Dated  St.  Bartholomew's,  26  October,  1599. 


64  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

says  : — "  She  would  always  remember  to  reward 
those  who  served  her  faithfully  in  foreign  Courts," 
so  let  us  hope  Sir  Anthony  had  a  favourable 
answer  to  his  letter. 

Another  letter  of  his  to  Cecil  gives  a  glimpse  of 
what  was  considered  right  in  those  days,  for  in  it  he 
deliberately  offers  Cecil  a  bribe  of  ^loo  to  inter- 
vene on  his  behalf  about  the  game  on  a  chace. 

Sir  Anthony, writing  in  February,  1598-9,  says : — 
"  Fortune  has  cast  me  after  all  my  travels  on  a 
country  life ;  and  he  settled  down  at  Apethorpe, 
where  he  entertained  as  magnificently  as  his  means 
permitted.  Lady  Mildmay  superintending  every- 
thing. 

One  of  the  first  mentions  of  his  entertaining  is 
when  the  Earl  of  Rutland  and  suite  visited  him, 
and  Scriven,  in  his  account  of  the  Rutland  family, 
enters  12  September,  1599: — "Then  at  Sir 
Mildemays  to  the  officers  there  xls." 

A  tract  printed  in  1603,  the  year  of  the  progress 
of  King  James  I  from  Scotland,  tells  us  that  the 
monarch  when  passing  from  Burleigh  House  to 
Hinchingbrook  dined  at  Apethorpe,and  that  there : — 
"The  tables  were  newly  covered  with  costly 
banquets  wherein  everything  that  was  most  deli- 
titious  for  taste  proved  more  delicate  by  the  Arte 
that  made  it  seeme  beauteous  to  the  eye :  the 
Ladye  of  the  house  being  one  of  the  most  excellent 
confectioners  in  England,  though  1  confesse  many 
honourable  women  very  expert." 

After  the  dinner,  Sir  Anthony  presented  to  King 


SIR  ANTHONY  MILDMAY  65 

James  a  Barbary  horse  and  a  very  rich  saddle  with 
furniture  suitable  thereto.  There  is  also  a  record  of 
Sir  Anthony  sending  two  bucks  to  Belvoir  in  16 12 
for  the  entertainment  there  of  the  King. 

Grace  Lady  Mildmay's  household  books  have 
been  preserved.  They  are  in  her  own  handwriting, 
and  a  specimen  of  expenditure  is  given  for  the 
week  ending  24  June,  1593. 


iJlLdil  line 

VJ  U.UZ,CI1  dllU.  1 

XJlCaU  CUdlSc 

Beer 

8  hogsheads 

ijeer 

^  1  pieces 

Mutton 

66  joints 

Veal 

6  joints 

Tongues 

51 

Pigs 

4 

Capons 

7 

Lambs 

1 

Herons 

2 

Ducks 

29 

Chickens 

33 

Pigeons 

29 

Rabbits 

2 

Pickercll 

II 

Breams 

3 

Tench 

4 

Perches 

6 

Ling 

I 

Hartechokes 

15 

Haberdius  (large  cod) 

9 

Brewetts 

I  sticke 

Roasting  Ycalls 

2 

Pasties 

3 

Pics 

2 

Custards 

2 

Tarts 

2 

Candles 

7  lbs 

Butter  fresh 

34  lt>8 

Coals 

35  bushels 

Butter  salt 

6  lbs 

Rotches 

6  (wild  ducks) 

Decidedly  a  meat  diet,  for  vegetables  are  not 
mentioned,  except  perhaps  as  "  Hartechokes,"  very 
little  given  in  the  way  of  sweets,  and  what  perhaps 
is  more  remarkable,  no  milk  or  cheese.  What 
"  RoLi sting, Yealls"  and  "Brewetts  i  sticke"  represent 
we  have  nrtt  been  able  to  discover. 

Professor  Thorold  Rogers,  in  his  History  of 
Prices^  when  writing  of  this  period,  says  : — "Onions, 
nettles,  leeks,  and  pears  were  the  only  esculent 

F 


66  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


vegetables.  We  probably  also  possessed  cabbage, 
but  I  have  never  found  either  seed  or  plants 
quoted.'* 

According  to  Madame  Duchaux,  in  her  book, 
Fields  of  France^  there  were  at  this  same  time 
in  that  country  Brussels  sprouts,  three  other  kinds 
of  cabbage,  winter  greens,  spinach,  sorrel,  beetroot, 
turnips,  carrots,  beans,  peas,  lettuce,  sweet  basil, 
all  kinds  of  herbs,  cucumbers,  garlic,  onions,  leeks, 
rhubarb,  and  fennel.  It  certainly  seems  strange 
that  such  a  traveller  as  Sir  Anthony,  who  must 
have  experienced  the  advantages  of  so  many  vege- 
tables, should  not  have  thought  of  bringing  some 
back  and  establishing  them  at  home. 

In  July,  1598,  there  is  an  entry  of  5s.  for 
tobacco  pipes.  Surely  one  of  the  earliest  mentions 
of  such  a  purchase. 

Again,  travelling  expenses  for  forty-three  people 
and  thirty-four  horses  from  Apethorpe  to  London, 
and  there  not  being  any  item  of  expenditure  for 
lodgings  would  seem  to  indicate  that  the  company 
slept  in  the  conveyances  in  which  they  travelled. 


£ 

X. 

d. 

Suppers 

•  3 

7 

1 1 

Breakfasts  . 

.  2 

5 

4 

Rewards 

8 

2 

Horse  meat 

•  3 

2 

10 

Smith  and  Sadler 

12 

II 

Total  . 

•  9 

17 

2 

Lady  Rose  Weigall,  nk  Fane,  in  an  account 
she  drew  up  of  Grace  Lady  Mildmay  writes  : — 


SIR  ANTHONY  MILDMAY  67 

"The  Monasteries,  the  chief  centres  of  charity, 
being  abolished,  the  care  of  the  sick  and  poor  in 
country  districts  fell  naturally  upon  those  who  had 
acquired  Church  lands. 

"  Queen  Elizabeth's  first  poor  law  had  been 
passed,  and  the  first  workhouse  established,  but 
the  poverty  and  misery  continued  very  great. 
Grace  Lady  Mildmay  threw  her  whole  energies 
into  the  work  of  relieving  distress.  One  of  the 
greatest  troubles  was  the  almost  total  absence  of 
provision  for  medical  help,  and  she  set  to  work  to 
study  medicine  thoroughly,  the  result  being  several 
volumes  of  elaborate  prescriptions  and  recom- 
mendations, one  volume  being  labelled  *  for  use 
in  the  workhouse.* 

"  Her  daughter,  who  classified  all  these  recipes, 
added  a  quaint  preface,  in  which  she  says : — ^Certain 
brief  Collections  and  observations  concerning  man*s 
body  drugs,  preparations  of  medecines,  and  signs  of 
disease  left  in  writing  by  that  Reverend  Ladie, 
the  Ladie  Mildmay,  who  spent  a  great  part  of  her 
days  in  the  search  and  practice  thereof,  and  left 
this  troublesome  world  wherein  she  conversed  so 
much  continually  with  Mortality  for  that  of 
perpetual  rest  and  Immortality  in  the  year  1620.' 

"  The  collections  are  curious  and  pathetic  in  their 
strange  simplicity,  and,  needless  to  say,  there  is  no 
trace  of  science.  The  drugs,  nearly  all  herbs,  are 
employed  in  much  the  same  proportions  as  they 
are  now,  and  very  great  reliance  is  placed  on 
*  Quilts,'  i.e.  poultices  and  fomentations,  for  all 


68  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


of  which  elaborate  directions  are  given.  The  only 
notion  of  preventive  medicine  was  apparently 
periodical  dosings.  Children  especially  seemed  to 
have  been  drenched  with  oceans  of  physic,  but  the 
hints  on  their  ordinary  diet  give  one  the  idea  that 
this  probably  prevented  their  death  from  over- 
eating and  heavy  food. 

"  It  is  difficult  to  realise  that  to  this  excellent,  care- 
ful mother,  and  housekeeper,  such  things  as  tea, 
coffee,  sugar,  potatoes  and  most  of  our  common 
vegetables  were  either  unknown,  or  known  only  as 
costly  dainties  quite  unattainable  in  ordinary  life, 
that  a  nursery  lived  chiefly  on  beer  and  meat,  and 
that  the  medicine  of  a  child  '  3  years  old  suffering 
with  its  teeth  *  is  recommended  to  be  given  at 
night  in  its  posset  of  beer. 

"Charity  organisation  was  another  feature  of  Lady 
Grace's  work.  She  anticipated  some  of  the  modern 
systems  in  the  directions  she  wrote  out  for  the 
charities  in  her  different  parishes.  No  able-bodied 
person  was  to  be  relieved  except  through  work,  and 
when  families  had  got  into  difficulties  a  carefully 
planned  system  of  loans  and  small  bonuses  was  laid 
down.  Charities  were  maintained  for  apprenticing 
poor  children  yearly  to  various  trades.  (These  latter 
charities  are  still  in  existence.)  Clothing  was  to  be 
given  to  poor  widows  in  the  shape  of  petticoats  of 
green  baize,  at  that  time  a  highly  valued  material, 
and  it  is  said  that  the  old  women  of  the  district 
cherish  green  petticoats  to  this  day. 

"  These  varied  charities  were  made  possible  by  a 


SIR  ANTHONY  MILDMAY  69 

careful  administration  of  her  expenditure,  and  her 
house  books  show  that  no  waste  was  allowed  and 
everything  carefully  calculated." 

The  above  account  gives  an  admirable  description 
of  a  judicious  Lady  Bountiful  of  the  period,  but 
we  would  take  exception  to  the  statement  that  sugar 
was  almost  unknown  to  Lady  Mildmay,  for  im- 
ported sugar  had  been  in  use  in  England  for  more 
than  two  centuries  before  her  time,  and  though 
perhaps  not  within  the  means  of  the  poor,  could 
certainly  be  procured  by  anyone  so  well  off  as 
Lady  Mildmay,  and  the  possession  of  it  no  doubt 
enabled  the  writer  of  the  tract  of  1603  to  describe 
her  as  "one  of  the  most  excellent  confectioners  in 
England." 

When  Grace  Lady  Mildmay's  picture  was  at 
Apethorpe  she  was  said  to  step  out  of  it  at  night, 
pass  through  the  house  and  village  to  see  that  all 
was  in  order,  and  scatter  silver  pennies  for  the 
needy.  Though  the  picture  is  now  gone,  perhaps 
her  ghost  haunts  the  place  she  tended  so  wisely 
and  so  well. 

James  I  was  so  pleased  with  a  visit  to  Apethorpe 
in  1603  that  he  repeated  it  more  than  once,  and  on 
one  occasion  first  met  there  Villiers,  afterwards  Duke 
of  Buckingham.  In  accordance  with  his  usual 
custom  he  presented  a  statue  of  himself.  It  is  of 
stone,  and  used  to  stand  in  a  niche  on  the  south 
front  of  the  court  ;  but  when  this  was  pulled  down 
in  1742  it  was  removed  and  is  now  in  the  front  hall. 

Sir   Anthony   and    his  wife   were   buried  in 


70  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Apethorpe  Church  under  an  altar  tomb  of  black 
and  white  marble  on  which  are  the  recumbent 
figures  of  Sir  Anthony  and  his  Lady.  He  is  in 
armour,  in  the  posture  of  prayer,  his  head  on  a 
pillow,  having  a  handsome  but  weak  face  ;  she 
at  his  left  side,  in  the  same  posture,  richly  dressed 
in  an  ornamental  robe,  large  ruff,  and  jewelled 
girdle,  her  face  showing  intellectual  power.  On 
the  canopy  over  them  is  inscribed  "  Just,  Wise, 
Devout,  Charitable.*'  By  the  side  of  the  tomb 
figures  of  Justice,  Wisdom,  Charity  pouring  wine 
into  a  chalice,  and  Devotion  resting  her  right  arm 
on  a  pillar.  On  the  upper  part  of  the  east  end  a 
Virgin  in  folding  robes,  having  in  her  right  hand  a 
cross,  in  her  left  a  tablet.  At  the  west  end  Hope 
raising  her  eyes  to  heaven,  her  right  hand  on  her 
breast,  her  left  leaning  on  an  anchor.  At  the 
centre  over  all  a  female  figure  with  an  infant. 

On  the  monument  is  the  following  interesting 
inscription  : — "  Here  sleepeth  in  the  Lord  with 
a  certaine  hope  of  Resurrection  Sir  Anthony 
Mildmay,  Knight,  eldest  sonne  of  Sir  Walter 
Mildmay,  Knight,  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  to 
Queen  Elizabeth.  He  was  Ambassador  from 
Queen  Elizabeth  to  the  Most  Christian  King  of 
France  Henry  IV,  a.d.  1596.  He  was  to  Prince 
and  Countrie  faithfull  and  serviceable  in  Peace  and 
Warre,  to  Friends  constant,  to  Enemies  reconcile- 
able,  bountiful  and  loved  Hospitality. 

He  died  September  11,  161 7. 
Here  also  lyeth  Grace  Lady  Mildmay  the  only  wife 


SIR  ANTHONY  MILDMAY  71 

of  the  said  Sir  Anthony  Mildmay,  one  of  the 
heiresses  of  Sir  Henry  Sherrington,  of  Lacock,  in 
the  County  of  Wilts,  who  lived  fifty  years  married 
to  him,  and  three  years  a  widow  after  him.  She 
was  most  devout,  unspotedly  chaste  Mayd,  Wife, 
and  Widow,  compassionate  in  Heart,  and  charit- 
ably helpful  with  Physick,  Cloathes,  Nourishment, 
or  Counsel  to  any  in  Misery.  She  was  most 
careful  and  wise  in  managing  worldly  estate  so  as 
her  life  was  a  blessing  to  hers,  and  in  her  death  she 
blessed  them,  which  happened 

July  27,  1620. 
Thus  this  worthy  pair  having  lived  here  worthily, 
dyed  comfortably,  beloved  of  God,  lamented  of 
men,  to  whose  memory  and  to  incite  to  the 
example  of  their  virtues,  Sir  Francis  Fane,  Knight, 
son  and  heir  to  the  Honb''^  Mary  Lady  Le 
Despencer,  and  his  wife  Mary,  daughter  and  heir 
to  the  said  Sir  Anthony  and  Ladie  Mildmay  have 
erected  this  monument. 

A.D.  1621." 

The  last  part  of  this  inscription  does  not  seem 
to  agree  closely  with  the  terms  of  the  will  of  Sir 
Anthony  Mildmay,  for  in  that  will  he  leaves  every- 
thing to  his  wife  Grace,  and  desires  her  to  spend 
;^iooo  on  his  tomb  in  Apethorpe  Church. 

Mary,  the  only  child  of  Sir  Anthony  and  Grace 
Lady  Mildmay,  was  born  in  1582,  married  in  1599, 
and  died  in  1640.  It  was  through  her  marriage 
with  Sir  Francis  Fane,  first  Earl  of  Westmoreland 


72  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

that  the  Apethorpe  estate  passed  into  the  possession 
of  the  Fanes.  Sir  Anthony  in  a  document  he  left 
gives  his  reasons  for  cutting  his  brother  Humphrey- 
out  of  the  entail,  "  Because  he  (his  brother)  would 
not  make  a  proper  provision  for  his  wife  though 
she  brought  him  property.  That  his  daughter,  his 
only  child,  was  nearer  and  dearer  to  him  than  his 
brother.  That  his  brother  had  been  well  provided 
for  by  their  father.  That  his  brother  constantly 
quarelled  with  him.'*  But  there  seems  to  have 
been  another  reason,  for  Grace  Lady  Mildmay  says 
in  her  diary  that  Sir  Anthony  was  obliged  to  cut 
off  the  entail  to  enable  him  to  raise  money  to  pay 
off  his  debts. 

Apethorpe  is  built  in  two  courts,  one  containing 
the  principal  apartments,  the  other  the  servants* 
quarters.  One  court  has  been  rather  spoilt  by 
part  having  been  altered  in  1742  to  a  classic  style, 
which,  though  good  classic,  does  not  accord  with 
Tudor  architecture. 

The  fine  chimneys  are  noticeable,  and  it  has  been 
asserted  that  they  were  copied  from  those  at  Lacock 
Abbey,  but  Mr.  C.  H.  Talbot,  the  present  owner 
of  Lacock,  assures  us  that  this  is  an  error,  and  that 
the  chimneys  of  the  two  houses  do  not  resemble 
each  other.  Over  the  door  of  the  tower  is  a  shield 
with  the  arms  of  Sir  Walter,  and  another  with  the 
arms  of  Sir  Walter  and  his  wife.  In  the  dining- 
room  on  one  side  of  the  chimneypiece  are  the 
arms  of  Sir  Walter,  his  initials  W.  M.,  and  his 
motto  "  Virtute  non  vi."    The  date  on  this  mantel- 


(.A  1  I.W  AV,   am;  I  llOKI't 


SIR  ANTHONY  MILDMAY  73 

piece  is  1562.  The  inscription  on  the  centre  panel 
explains  the  motto  of"  Virtute  non  vi,'*  and  assures 
the  reader  that  virtue  makes  us  men,  but  force 
makes  us  beasts. 

The  interesting  chimney  from  the  dining-room 
fireplace  is  in  that  part  of  the  house  next  to  the 
garden,  where  remains  of  plain  gables  may  be  seen 
earlier  and  better  than  the  curvilinear  gables  at  the 
front. 

The  panelled  gallery  in  the  principal  court  is 
1 1 1  ft  8  in.  long,  20  ft.  8  in.  wide,  and  14  ft.  6  in. 
high.  The  original  panelled  dining-hall  or  refec- 
tory, with  a  gallery,  is  now  the  servants'  hall. 
Some  of  the  principal  rooms  have  chimneypieces 
and  ceilings  that  date  back  to  the  period  of  Sir 
Walter  or  that  of  his  son. 

The  earliest  date  on  Apethorpe  Hall  is  1564, 
but  on  the  church  1551,  the  year  the  property  was 
acquired. 

The  Hon.  Julian  Fane,  a  gifted  member  of  the 
Westmoreland  family,  who  died  in  1870,  gives 
this  poetical  description  of  Apethorpe  Hall ; — 

"The  moss-grcy  mansion  of  my  father  stands 
Parked  in  an  English  pasturage  as  fair 
As  any  that  the  grass-green  Isle  can  show. 
Above  it  rise  deep-wooded  lawns  ;  below 
A  brook  runs  riot  through  the  pleasant  lands, 
And  blabs  its  secret  to  the  merry  air. 
The  village  peeps  from  out  deep  poplars,  where 
A  grey  bridge  spans  the  stream,  and  all  beyond 
In  sloping  and  sweet  acclivities 


74  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


The  many-dimpled  laughing  landscape  lies. 
Four  square,  and  double-courted,  and  grey-stoned 
Two  quaint  quadrangles  of  deep  latticed  walls 
Grass-grown,  and  moaned  about  by  troops  of  doves 
The  ancient  house  !    Collegiate  in  name 
As  in  its  aspect,  Hke  the  famous  Halls 
Whose  hoary  fronts  make  reverend  the  groves 
Of  Isis  on  the  banks  of  classic  Cam." 


If  the  Hon.  Julian  Fane  were  yet  alive  he  could 
not  now  write  of  his  "  father's  mansion,"  for 
Apethorpe  has  passed  by  sale  from  the  possession 
of  the  Fanes. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  Sir  Anthony  Mildmay 
at  Emmanuel  College,  and  there  are  portraits  of 
him,  his  wife,  and  his  daughter  belonging  to 
W.  V.  R.  Fane,  Esq.,  of  Fulbeck,  Co.  Lincoln, 
that  were  purchased  at  the  Apethorpe  sale.  Those 
of  Sir  Anthony  and  his  wife  were  originally  fixed 
into  the  panelling  at  the  end  of  the  long  gallery  at 
Apethorpe. 

The  portrait  of  Sir  Anthony  is  a  full-length  in 
black  suit,  with  long,  black  leather  boots  and  spur- 
straps,  embroidered  sword-belt;  and  helmet,  breast- 
plate, gauntlets,  and  inlaid  musquet  in  foreground. 
The  inscriptions  on  it  are  : — "  Patriae  causa  et 
principis  jussee  in  utrumque  semper  paratus  fui. 
Anno  aetatis  suae  LXIII."  On  a  scroll  and  on 
packets  lying  on  the  table  : — "  A  Monsieur, 
Monsieur  de  Myldmay  Ambassadeur  de  la  royme 
d'Angle  pr^s  du  Roy."  "  For  Her  Majesty's  special 
affaires."    "To  my  honorable  and  loveinge  Friend, 


SIR  ANTHONY  MILDMAY  75 

Sir  Anthony  Mildmaye,  Knight,  Her  Ma**"  Am- 
bassador resident  withe  the  French  Kynge.  Ro: 
Cecyll." 

The  last  three  inscriptions  are  evidently  dis- 
played for  the  purpose  of  commemorating  Sir 
Anthony*s  important  State  duty. 

An  engraving  of  Sir  Anthony  differs  in  some  of 
the  accessories  from  the  above  picture,  but  abso- 
lutely agrees  with  the  fine  full-length  of  him  at 
Emmanuel  College. 

Grace  Lady  Mildmay's  portrait  is  a  full-length 
in  black  dress.    The  inscription  on  it  is  : — 

"  The  minde  continualli  imployed 
in  good  thinges  avoideth  evlll, 
pleaseth  God,  and  promiseth 
an  happic  end. 
An:  Dom:  1613.  xtatis  suae  62. 

Also  the  end  of  the  simples — a  horned  still — 
bagpipe  still — is  on  the  page  of  an  open  book,  on 
which  are  depicted  two  retorts  or  stills,  one 
evidently  meant  for  the  horned,  and  the  other  for 
the  bagpipe.  This  book  is  Lady  Grace's  "  Book  of 
Simples,"  or  receipts,  which  still  exists  among  the 
papers  belonging  to  the  Westmorland  family. 

The  Apethorpe  portrait  of  Mary  Mildmay  is 
also  a  full-length  in  black  dress.  It  is  attributed 
to  D.  Mytens,  Van  Dyck's  predecessor  as  Court 
painter. 

Mr.  Fane  of  Fulbeck  owns  a  small  vellum- 
bound  copy  of  De  Beza's  Pithie  summe  of  the 


76  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Christian  Faith  that  has  the  initials  G.  M.  on  the 
outside,  and  at  the  end  these  lines : — 

Seeke  not  to  crave 
that  you  would  have 
Then  shall  you  finde 
untoe  your  minde 
That  you  like  best 

To  give  you  rest. — "  Grace  Mildemay." 

Belonging  to  Christ's  Hospital  and  hanging  in 
the  Board-room  is  an  excellent  small  picture  of 
Edward  VI  when  Prince  of  Wales,  said  to  have 
been  painted  by  Holbein. 

This  picture,  before  it  was  done  up  a  few  years 
ago,  bore  an  inscription  stating  that  it  was  once  the 
property  of  Sir  Anthony  Mildmay,  Chamber- 
lain to  Queen  Elizabeth.  When  presented  to  the 
hospital,  or  rather  promised  in  1837,  for  it  was 
actually  presented  some  years  later,  a  letter  came 
from  a  Mr.  Shaw  tracing  the  picture  back  to  the 
possession  of  Sir  Anthony. 

We  had  thought  that  the  title  of  Chamberlain 
came  from  ownership  of  Fingreth  Manor  that  Sir 
Anthony's  father  bought,  for  the  tenant  of  that 
manor  had  the  honour  of  being  Chamberlain  to  the 
Queen  of  England,  of  keeping  her  chamber  and  the 
door  of  the  same  on  the  day  of  her  coronation,  and 
of  having  for  his  fee  the  furniture  of  the  chamber, 
basins,  beds,  etc.,  but  Dr.  Horace  Round  assures  us 
that  Fingreth  passed  to  Humphrey,  Sir  Anthony's 
brother,  so  probably  among  the  Court  appointments 
held  by  Sir  Anthony  was  at  one  time  that  of 
Chamberlain. 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  OF 
DANBURY 


HUMPHREY,  Sir  Walter's  second  son, 
was  also  educated  at  Cambridge. 
He  was  Member  for  Higham  Ferrers 
1585-6,  Sheriff  of  Essex   1593,  and 
inherited  the  estates  of  Queen  Camel,  Somerset, 
and  Danbury,  Essex,  with  the  adjacent  property  of 
Bycknacre  Priory. 

This  Bycknacre  was  given  by  Henry  VIII  to 
Henry  Polsted,  who,  in  1548,  eleven  years  later, 
sold  it  to  Sir  Walter  Mildmay,  and  of  his  grand- 
son it  was  purchased  by  George  Barrington  of 
Little  Baddow. 

Humphrey  married  Mary  Capel  of  Little  Had- 
ham,  Herts,  and  a  stone  in  Danbury  Church 
records  : — "  Hoc  lapide  tegitur  Humfredus  |  Mild- 
may  Armiger  patrenatus  |  Waltero  Mildmay  Sac- 
carii  |  Cancellario  et  Consillario  |  Secretoris  Admis- 
sionis  R.  Elizabethae  |  Matre  Maria  Walsingham 
sorore  |  Francisci  Walsingham  eidem  |  Reginae  a 
Secretis  Qui  diu  publice  |  utilis,  domi  Hospitalis, 
Sexagenarius  |  obiit  nono  Augusti,  16 13." 

The  Rev.  J.  B.  Plumtre,  Rector  of  Danbury,  has 
now  placed  (i  906)  a  linoleum  covering  over  the  three 

77 


78  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Mildmay  slabs  in  the  floor  of  Danbury  Church  to 
preserve  them  from  further  damage. 

Humphrey  was  succeeded  by  his  son  Humphrey, 
born  1592,  knighted  10  July,  16 16,  who  married 
Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Crofts. 

He  was  J. P.  for  Essex,  High  Sheriff  of  the 
county  in  1636,  and  had  to  collect  the  ship-money, 
which,  according  to  his  letters  and  reports,  he  found 
a  matter  of  extreme  difficulty. 

He  also  kept  a  diary  extending  from  the  year 
1633  to  1666.  The  first  part  of  this  diary,  which 
terminates  at  the  9th  July,  1652,  is  at  the  British 
Museum,  Harl.  MS.,  No.  454.  A  copy  of  this 
part  was  sold  by  Sotheby  and  Wilkinson  on  the 
loth  July,  1857,  for  £s  S^-y  doubt  that 

now  at  Shoreham,  Kent,  having  been  purchased  by 
Mr.  Humphrey  St.  John-Mildmay  of  that  place. 

The  diary  shows  that  Humphrey  had  not  in- 
herited any  of  the  rigid  puritanical  characteristics  of 
his  grandfather  and  grandmother,  for  it  is  often  in  the 
style  of  the  immortal  Pepys,  and  contains  numerous 
confessions  of  sins  and  expressions  of  regret. 

It  is  on  the  whole  a  disappointing  document,  for 
references  to  public  events  are  few  and  far  between, 
and  it  is  mainly  a  record  of  interminable  lawsuits 
and  incessant  drinking  bouts. 

Some  extracts  are  given  : — 
9  July,  1633.  "Came  Richard  Rose  a  foot  boye, 
that   served   M'"  John   Lick,  to  serve  me 
for  wages,  ^4  per  ann:  and  a  cloake  and  suit 
as  others  have  had." 

A  hideous  record  that  appears  occasionally. 


SIR   IHMl'lIKKY  MILD.MAY  OV   DANIil  KV 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  79 

20  July,  1633.  "This  morninge  are  seven  hanged 

at  Tyburn  for  robberies." 
He  moves  from  Danbury  on 
I  November,  1633  : — "being  Friday,  I  with  my  wife 

and  family  came  to  London  on  a  wett  day,  with 

2  cartes,  6  men,  15  horses,  besides  the  coach 

horses." 
More  executions. 
7  November,  1633  : — "the  poor  fryer  Father  Arthur 

was  hanged  and  quartered  at  Tyburne  with  a 

world  of  lookers  on." 

I  December,  1633.  "  Jas  Warde  was  hanged  at  Gray 
Inn  Lane  Ende  for  rape." 
Ladies  received  in  their  bedrooms. 

5  March,  1634.  "I  wente  to  my  Lady  Avaldgravey 
and  satt  with  her  a  good  time,  who  was  then 
in  fisick  and  in  bed." 

4  May,  1634.  "I  wente  to  Lambeth  and  did  swyme 
at  7  of  the  clocke."  A  proof  of  how  much 
fresher  and  cleaner  the  Thames  was  then  than 
now.  He  refers  occasionally  to  reading,  and 
mentions  lending  part  of  his  Douai  Bible  to  Mr. 
Bourneby.  Amongst  the  Ormonde  papers  is 
A  noteof  bookes  lefte  by  my  sonne  Humphrey 
in  Queen's  Camel,  Co.  Somerset,  since  May  6, 
1652."  Twenty-five  works  are  specified,  inclu- 
ding a  Chaucer,  a  greate  masse  booke,  one  Bible 
in  English,  Ben  Jonson  his  workes,  etc. 

I  May,  1635.  "We  all  went  a  Maying  to  Hyde 
Park  to  see  the  Ladyes." 


8o  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


6  May,  1635.  "  At  a  play  this  day  called  the  Moor 

of  Venice.*' 

7  May,  1635  • — "being  the  Holy  Ascention  of  Our 

Lorde  my  sister  Marye  was  married  to  M'^ 

Thomas  Drucker,  where  I  was  all  day  with  my 

two  boys." 
More  horrors. 
15  May.  1635.       attended  the  Sessions  at  Newgate 

where  13  had  judgment  to  be  hanged,  and 

Alex:  Clarke  to  be  burned." 
He  was  not  a  faithful  husband,  for  there  are 
many  entries  like  the  following  : — 
3  November,  1635.  "To  M*"  Maine's  to  supper 

where   I  laughed  and   kissed   the  wenches 

exceedingly." 
His  brother  Anthony  was  his  constant  companion 
in  his  revelries  and  even  more  dissipated.  About 
this  time  and  for  the  next  few  years  he  makes  con- 
stant allusion  to  interviews  with  lawyers  without 
stating  exactly  what  the  litigation  was  about.  One 
of  his  legal  advisers  was  his  brother  John. 
12  December,  1635.    "North  hanged  in  Wood 

Street  where  he  did  his  murther." 
Showing  that  criminals  were  executed  at  the  scene 
of  their  crime. 

17  January,  1636,  he  was  pricked  for  High 
Sheriff  of  Essex,  and  on  the  26th  agrees  with 
George  Fitzjeffery  to  be  his  Under  Sheriff, 
who  is  to  pay  £^0  for  his  (Sir  Humphrey's) 
use,  to  the  Judge's  men,  and  find  all  his 
own  expenses.    In  a  letter  to  Sir  Thomas 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  8i 


Puckering  of  1636  there  is: — "The  Sheriff  of 
Essex  lately  did  assess  an  hundred  near  him 
at  so  much.  Then  he  sent  the  high  Con- 
stables to  proportion  it  to  the  several  towns 
and  persons  which  they  did  not  do  in  the  time 
limited.  He  sends  to  them  a  second  time, 
and  gives  them  so  many  days  more,  but  they 
were  as  neglectful  as  before.  The  High 
Sheriff  taking  notice  of  their  carelessness,  he 
forthwith  gets  half  a  dozen  of  waggons.  With 
these  he  goes  in  person  to  the  houses  of  the 
aforesaide  High  Constables  and  distrains  their 
goods  which  he  causeth  to  be  put  in  the 
waggons.  Then  he  sells  them,  so  raiseth 
that  sum  of  money  laid  upon  the  whole 
hundred."  One  can  hardly  imagine  the  plea- 
sure-loving Sir  Humphrey  engaged  in  such  a 
business,  so  perhaps  it  was  his  deputy  who 
carried  out  the  unpleasant  transaction. 

22  February,  1636,  his  son  Edward  died,  as 
recorded  on  a  stone  in  Danbury  Church,  but 
he  does  not  mourn  long,  for  on 

17  March,  1636.    "I  wente  to  the  great  dinner  of 
Mr  Lathom,  reader  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
where  was  100  great  ones.'* 
Other  social  events. 

I  May,  1636.    "Sir  Arthur  Capell  hath  slain  in 
Dewell  Thomas  Leventhorpe  Baronett." 
Sir  Arthur  was  probably  a  cousin.  Sir  Hum- 
phrey's mother  having  been  Mary  Capel. 

G 


82  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


2  May,  1636.  "To  my  great  expense  attended 
my  Lord  Holland  all  day  at  Stratford  in  the 
duste." 

At  this  time  he  was  residing  in  the  parish  of 
St.  John's,  Clerkenwell,  for  his  name  is  given  on 
the  19th  May  as  neglecting  to  pay  his  assessment 
in  that  parish  for  the  relief  of  those  infected  with 
the  plague.  Also  he  was  assessed  on  Danbury 
;^8oo,  and  his  estate  sequestrated  till  payment  was 
made,  but  eventually  got  off  with  payments  of 
£162  and  ;^ioo  after  much  litigation.  The  ship- 
money  that  he  or  his  agents  collected  gave  him 
trouble,  as  aforesaid,  and  no  wonder,  for  he  does 
not  always  pay  over  what  he  receives,  thus  : — 

13  May,  1636.  "Jo  Olde  brought  with  him 
;^2i3,  of  which  I  paid  £200  to  His  Majesty, 
the  rest  my  wife  had." 

19  June,  1637.  "  Prynne  deceased  and  would 
not  crave  a  pardon." 

Previously,  on  10  May,  he  enters:  "Prynne 
lost  the  other  part  of  an  ear  in  Cheapside." 
These  are  puzzling  entries.  One  would  sup- 
pose they  referred  to  Wm.  Prynne,  the  famous 
political  pamphleteer,  whose  ears  were  twice 
cropped,  but  he  did  not  die  till  1669,  so  either 
the  notice  of  death  must  be  incorrect,  or 
oddly  enough  there  must  have  been  two  of 
the  name  whose  ears  were  twice  cut. 

5  November,  1637.  "The  Morocquo  Ambassador 
shall  have  his  audience  this  day  in  all  state. 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  83 

I  was  with  my  Lady  de  la  Warre  there,  durty, 
a  foolish  sighte." 
This  was  no  doubt  on  the  occasion  when  a  letter 
was  brought  for  Charles  I  from  Sidan,  King  of 
Morocco,  and  the  Ambassadors  were  entertained 
with  a  masque  and  costly  antic  show  through  the 
streets. 

Sunday  entertainments  were  still  permitted. 
26  November,  1637.  cloudy  day  and  sadd  to 

look  upon.    1  am  for  the  Church  God  speede 

me  there  in  his  peace.    After  Evensonge  at 

the  wrestlinge,  good,  very  good." 
This  wrestling  probably  took  place  in  the  plea- 
sant meadows  outside  the  city  walls. 
April,  1638.    "The  Duchess  of  Chevreux  came  to 

town  and  was  Entertained  with  state  by  both 

their  Majesties." 
November,  1638,  he  mentions  seeing  the  Queen 

Mother  (Marie  de'  Medici)  in  town. 
21  May,  1639,  there  were  eclipses  of  the  "sunn," 

which  he  goes  to  see  on  the  Thames. 
He  often  passed  to  and  fro  from  Danbury  to 
London,  and  at  the  former  place  records  : — 
19  June,  1639.    "Letter  from  Will  Perry  telling 

of  the  fire  at  Queen  Camel  whereby  70  houses 

were  destroyed." 
Perry  was  his  Somersetshire  agent. 
16  August,  1639.    "My  brother  (Sir  Henry  of 

Wanstead)  and  his  foolish  lad  came  to  dinner 

and  remained  at  this  place,  saw  my  bull  and 

dogges  play." 


84  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

He  often  mentions  the  baiting  of  his  bull  by- 
dogs  for  his  own  amusement  or  that  of  his  guests. 
II  January,  1640.    "To  Maldon  I  am  going  to 
the  Bayley's  feaste,  there  I  was  and  mett  with 
base  company  and  rascally  saucy  ministers.'* 
16  February,  1640.    "This    morning  His  Ma: 
made  the  happy  Act  of  triennial  Parliaments." 

11  March,  1640,  he  was  again  at  Maldon  with  his 

brother  Sir  Henry,  when  the  latter  was  elected 
Member  of  the  Parliament  which  opened  on  the 
1 3th  April,  and  was  dissolved  on  the  5th  May. 
June,  1 640.  "  I  dined  at  Marks  my  cozen  Carewe 
Mildmayes  and  came  to  my  wife  in  great 
heate,  to  Mr.  Langhorne's  where  I  mett  her 
and  came  home,  when  I  found  their  Majesties 
at  supper  with  Madame  Exceter  and  a  many 
more." 

So  apparently  his  Royal  Master  was  on  very 
friendly  terms  with  him. 

August,  1640,  he  paid  his  first  recorded  visit  to 
Queen  Camel,  riding  by  way  of  Oxford  and 
Bath,  then  to  London  by  the  22nd  September, 
taking  four  days  to  ride  by  Swindon,  Salisbury, 
Winchester,  and  Bagshot. 

12  May,  1 64 1.  "Heard  to  the  full  of  the  good 

behaviour  of  the  Earl  of  StrafForde,  who  died 
like  a  saint  to  the  shame  of  his  enemies." 
6  June,  1 64 1.  "My  wife  to  Graces  among  the 
puritans." 

He  mentions  previously  meeting  "  oulde  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay  of  Graces." 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  85 

One  of  his  many  quarrels  with  his  wife,  but 

having  an  amicable  ending,  appears  on 

7  August,  1 64 1.  "Soon  after  dinner  my  woeman 
and  I  did  fall  out  illfavouredly,  and  so  we 
both  continued  sullen,  till  worthily  I  did 
acknowledge  the  error  to  be  mine,  when  all 
became  well  againe,  and  we  to  supper  and 
bedd." 

He  notes  going  to  Bradley  in  Suffolk  from  Dan- 
bury  with  his  wife  and  company,  and  adds  : — "  God 
be  with  me  and  us  all,  a  longe  journey." 

He  was  always  entertaining  at  dinner  and  supper, 
generally  unexpected  guests,  and  puts  down  on 
the 

9  September,  1641  : — "to  dinner  came  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay  and  40  with  him,  well  feasted,  danced 
and  were  merry  till  night." 
This  seems  a  large  company  to  be  called  on  to 
provide  for  suddenly,  and  very  possibly  one  of 
the  causes  of  disagreement  with  his  wife  was  his 
constant  hospitality. 

The  unpleasing  entry  appears  on 
17  February,  1642.  "A  rayleinge  and  lewd  letter 
came  to  my  wife  from  my  brother  Anthony 
by  the  footboye." 
In  May  he  again  goes  to  Queen  Camel  and 
visits  several   places,  including  Bath,  which  he 
leaves 

3  June,  1642.  "Early  up  to  he  gonne,  a  heavy 
Parteinge,  the  wenches  cried  to  lose  their 
Danceinge,  I  spent  my  money  freely." 


86  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


He  returned  to  Queen  Camel,  and  war's  alarms 
begin.  The  House  of  Commons  ordered  27 
August,  1642,  the  High  Sheriff  of  Essex  to  go 
down  and  preserve  the  Lady  Mildmay's  house 
from  plunderers  at  Danbery  (sic),  Sir  Humphrey 
being  absent. 

3  September,  1642  : — "  there  hath  been  a  battery  all 
this  day  against  the  poor  houses  and  town  of 
Sherborne.  Master  Hollis  the  man  of  mis- 
chief." 

5  September,  1642.  The  war  is  hot  and  blooddy, 
God  amende  it,  to  the  leager  where  I  was 
stopped  and  held  5  hours.*' 

7  September,  1642.  "To  Sherborne  I  rode  and 
saw  the  preparations  of  Sir  Thomas  Lamford 
and  his  men  for  Yeovil,  towards  night  they 
fought  it  out  stoutly,  we  have  not  heard  what 
was  done." 

In  after  years,  when  King  Charles  II  was  pro- 
claimed at  Sherborne,  14  May,  1660,  amid  scenes 
of  intense  excitement.  Sir  John  Strangways,  as  he 
rode  through  the  streets,  commended  the  people, 
and  told  them  they  were  among  the  first  in  England 
to  appear  in  arms  for  the  defence  of  Charles  I. 

By  the  beginning  of  October,  Sir  Humphrey  is 
back  at  Danbury. 

25  October,  1642  : — "to  Chelmsford  in  coach  to 
see  the  foolery  and  impiety  of  the  Earl  of 
War(wick)  and  his  rabble." 
He  was  fifty  on  the  28th  October. 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  87 

3  November,  1642.  "  Home  by  newes  of  the  devils 

abroad  plundering." 

4  November,  1642.  "At  home  all  day  expecting 

the  Harringtons  and  plunderers  but  1  am  safe 
as  yet." 

lo  November,  1642.  "Much  company  here  at 
dinner,  all  in  arms  for  the  rogues." 
His  home  life  was  not  quite  peaceful. 

14  December,  1642  : — "timely  up  the  air  clear  and 
most  sweet,  not  far  abroad  but  discontented, 
God  helpe  me,  to  dinner  and  not  from  home, 
all  day  wrangleing  with  her  who  has  resolved 
long  since  not  to  amende,  in  peace  to  supper 
and  bedd." 

His  drinking  entries  take  this  sort  of  form  : — 

13  February,  1643.  "  Windy  and  cold,  late  in  bedd, 

walking  but  not  far,  to  dinner,  soon  after  came 
Jo  Griffith  drunke,  to  tavern  I  wente  with  him 
and  Parson  Vincent,  home  to  sup  and  bedd  in 
peace." 

He  often  plays  cards  at  home,  or  as  he  some- 
times calls  them,  "tables,"  and  usually  with  the 
parson. 

14  April,  1643  • — "fair  calm  and  growing, God  helpe 

and  deliver  us  from  these  troubles  and  trayters, 
late  in  bedd,  to  dinner,  and  then  I  wente  forth 
towards  night.  I  was  forced  to  come  away  to 
hide." 

2  May,  1643.  "The  Crosse  in  Cheape  taken  down 
by  the  Jews.    The  town  in  much  disorder." 
Sir  Humphrey  credits  the  Jews  with  the  demoli- 


88  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


tion  of  the  Cross,  but  the  contemporary  account 
says  : — "  The  2^  May  1643  Crosse  in  Cheapside 
was  pulled  downe,  a  troope  of  horse  and  two  com- 
panies of  foote  wayted  to  garde  it,  and  at  the  tope 
crosse  dromes  beate,  trumpets  blew,  and  multitudes 
of  capes  wayre  throwne  in  the  ayre  ;  and  a  great 
shout  of  people  with  joy.  The  2*^  of  May  the 
Almanacke  sayeth  was  the  invention  of  the  Crosse. 
And  to  daye  at  night  was  the  leaden  popes  burnt, 
in  the  place  where  it  stood,  with  ringing  of  bells, 
and  a  great  acclamation,  and  no  hurt  done  in  all 
these  actions." 

So  it  was  to  the  religious  passions  of  the  time 
and  not  to  the  Jews  that  the  destruction  of  the 
Cross  was  due. 

When  in  London  in  1643  Humphrey 
generally  dined  at  the  "Trompett,"  no  doubt  a 
hostelry,  and  such  entries  appear  as  : — "  to  dinner 
at  the  Trompett  with  John  and  a  many  more, 
and  home  well  smitten  with  wine.*' 

The  troubled  times  caused  many  to  leave. 
12  August,  1643.  "  Wente  to  see  my  good  friends 
on  board  Shipp  at  Wapping  in  great  misery." 

Though  a  firm  loyalist,  his  entries  about  the 
rebellion  are  always  short,  and  usually  without 
comment. 

20  September,  1643.  "His  Majesty  and  R  fought 
at  Newbury." 
He  was  not  of  the  Puritan  form  of  religion,  for 
he  has  many  invocations  to  the  Blessed  Virgin,  and 
writes  : — 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  89 

8  October,  1643.  "Not  to  Church,  the  covenant 
being  hot  and  I  none  of  the  tribe.'* 
In  April,  1644,  he  went  to  Queen  Camel  and 
was  obliged  to  get  a  pass  before  starting.  He 
rode  by  Maidenhead,  Reading,  Newbury,  where 
he  met  the  Army  ;  then  Marlborough,  Chippen- 
ham, Bath,  where,  with  one  hundred  others,  he 
waited  upon  Her  Majesty  ;  thence  to  Bristol,  and 
on  the  23rd  to  Shappon  and  Camel,  having  started 
on  the  1 6th. 

17  June,  1644.  "Good  newes  from  Prince 
Rupert,  Waller  beaten  well." 

18  June,  1644.    "At  night  came  the  rout  and 

plundered  my  sword  and  bridles." 
He  allows  himself  to  enter. 

29  June,  1644  : — "by  the  help  of  God  His  Ma: 
shall  flourish  and  his  enemyes  be  confounded." 

6  September,  1644: — "was  a  day  of  good  newes 
concerning  the  Rebells,  they  are  run  from 
Ilchester  to  Dorsett,  the  Earl  of  Essex  un- 
done, and  his  Army  scattered." 

II  September,  1644.  "Most  unquiet,  the  villains 
came  and  had  me,  but  I  mad  escape  and  fled 
to  Wilton." 

2  October,  1644: — "towards  night  came  my  Lo 

Cleveland  with  his  brigade  of  horse  to  the 

2  Camels  to  quarter." 
His  second  son,  whom  he  always  calls  Nompee, 
was  appointed  cornet  of  horse  to  his  Lordship. 
8  October,  1644.    "I  am  to  attend  my  Lords  to 

the  Rendezvous  where  1  was  and  saw  His 

Ma:,  his  train.  Army,  &c." 


go  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

27  October,  1644.    "This  day  poor  Nompee  was 

wounded." 
This  was  at  the  second  battle  of  Newbury. 
II  February,  1645.  reports  the  capture  of 

Weymouth  by  the  Royal  Forces. 
30  March,  1645.    "       Nevill  his  regiment  came 

and  my  house  was  abused  by  knaves.'* 
8  July,  1645.    "1  ^ose  and  walked  and  soon  after 

ran  to  Pilton  with  Nompee,  where  I  lodged 

all  night  in  feare." 
10  July,  1645.    "After  dinner  to  Wrington  in 

feare  to  a  poor  and  lousy  inn." 
13  July,  1645: — "being  Sunday  I  removed  in  feare 

towards  the  waterside  at  Bristol." 
He  then  removes  to  Bath  with  his  "  crew," 
where  he  remains  till  the  31st,  hearing  bad  news — 
fall  of  Bridgewater,  etc. — goes  to  Possett  in  flight, 
next  day  with  much  "  adoe,"  boated  with  horses  to 
the  Monmouthshire  side,  and  the  following  day 
his  son  Nompee  left  to  join  the  King  at  Cardiff. 
By  the  3rd  November  he  got  safely  back  to  London 
and  goes  "  to  the  Club  to  sup,"  and  several  times 
refers  to  the  Club,  which,  apparently,  was  held  at 
the  "  Sun  "  tavern. 

16  September,  1646.  "All  the  talk  of  the  death 
of  the  great  Earle." 

This  refers  to  the  Earl  of  Essex,  who  died  sud- 
denly of  apoplexy  on  the  13th. 

Humphrey  now  moved  constantly  to  and  from 
Danbury  to  London,  but,  evidently  bored  with  his 
country  life,  was  more  and  more  addicted  to  being 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  91 

in  London  and,  as  he  expresses  it,  "  fuddling  at  a 
tavern,"  or,  as  he  once  writes,  "to  my  ordinary 
trade  of  drinking." 

12  November,  1646.  He  records  the  entry  into 
London  of  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax. 

15  December,  1646: — "remainder  of  the  day  pre- 
paring for  Danbury  by  command  of  the 
House." 

So  apparently  he  was  ordered  home,  whither  he 
went  by  coach  with  Sir  H.  Chichley  and  Thomas 
Freemen,  sleeping  on  the  17th  at  the  "Cock"  at 
Chelmsford. 

II  March,  1647.  ^  Mr.  Arkenstall  brought  his 
pardon  from  the  Lords  and  Commons,  before 
whom  he  had  several  times  attended  when 
in  London,  and  he  was  held  in  a  bond  for 

October,  1647.  notes  the  King's  escape  from 

London  to  the  Isle  of  Wight. 

22  December,  1647.  present  at  the  mar- 

riage of  Henry  Mildmay  of  Graces,  but  he 
was  not  fond  of  him,  for  he  did  not  agree 
with  his  puritanical  views,  and  in  one  place 
called  him  a  rebel. 

23  December,  1647.  Charles  died,  but 

mourning  for  him  did  not  last  long,  for  he 
writes  : — 

6  January,  1648.  "  House  full  to  dinner  and  no 
place  but  music  and  mirth  all  the  day  and 
night." 


92  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

7  January,  1648.  "As  the  day  before  less  com- 
pany, and  after  at  night  to  Mother  Podd's, 
the  whole  family,  where  we  made  debauch 
late." 

Certainly  it  is  strange  to  see  such  entries  in  a 
diary  kept  in  a  terrible  period  when  every  man's 
hand  was  against  his  neighbour. 
September,  1648,  he  was  in  London  with  his  man 

Snout  and  apparently  made  his  peace  with  the 

Parliament. 

17  October,   1648.     "House  of  Commons  my 

friends." 

18  October,  1648.  "My  wife  came  with  the 
joyful  newes." 

He  is  not  grateful  to  her  for  he  writes  : — 

19  October,  1648.    "  I  lost  my  time  with  my  wife 

at  a  play." 

30  October,  1648.  "Was  at  Goldsmith's  Hall  a 
fag  end  to  all  my  troubles  at  that  damned 
place." 

He  obtained  on  this  occasion  a  draft  order  to 
clear  him  of  this  delinquency.   In  Historical  Sketches  of 
Charles  /,  Cromwell^  etc.^  there  is  a  list  of  those  who 
compounded  for  their  estates,  in  which  appears: — 
"  Sir  Humphrey  Mildemay  of  Danbury,  Essex, 

This  was  a  heavy  charge  on  him  as  his  Dan- 
bury  estate  brought  him  in  about  £620  a  year. 
When  making  a  statement  about  his  property  he 
affirmed  that  he  was  never  a  popish  recusant  or 
popishly  inclined.    Loyalist  as  he  is,  the  only  note 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  93 

he  makes  of  the  beheading  of  his  Royal  Master 
is: — "  Sadd  newes  of  his  Ma:  " 
13  April,  1652.       I  putt  on  mourning  for  oulde 
Mary." 

This  was  Lady  Crofts,  his  wife's  mother,  who 
died  on  the  18  February. 

23  April,  1652.  "I  rode  to  Chelmsford  to  my 
brother  Sir  Henry  the  great  man." 

Sir  Henry,  who  had  gone  over  to  the  Revolu- 
tionary party,  was  probably  instrumental  in  making 
his  brother's  peace  with  Parliament. 

This  first  part  of  the  diary  ends  on  the  9th  July, 
1652,  when  Sir  Humphrey  was  in  London.  There 
are  references  in  it  to  various  relations.  His 
brother.  Sir  Henry,  who  lived  at  Whitehall  and 
Wanstead  ;  brother  Anthony,  who  lived  at  White- 
hall ;  cousin  Charles  (great  uncle  to  the  first  Lord 
Fitz Walter),  who  lived  at  Chelsea  ;  Ambrose,  son 
of  Walter  Mildrnay  of  Much  Baddow;  cozen  Robert 
Mildmayof  Moulsham  ;  old  Father  Robert  Mildmay 
of  Terling  ;  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  ;  Sir  John  and 
Lady  Mildmay  ;  Lady  Crofts,  his  wife's  mother, 
who  had  a  house  at  (Bednal)  Bethnal  Green  ;  his 
cousins  Argal  ;  Bennett;  Jo:  Stocker :  Will 
Capell ;  Greenfield  ;  and  Appleton.  He  also  men- 
tions the  deaths  of  old  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  of 
Graces,  9  October,  1639  5  Lady  Mildmay  of 
Moulsham,  8  February,  1640. 

In  the  Life  of  General  Richard  Dearte,  by  John 
Bathurst  Deane,  1870,  there  is  a  Deane  pedigree 
showing  that  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Deane, 


94  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Lord  Mayor,  married  Robert  Mildmay  of  Terling, 
Essex,  and  the  author  says  : — "  The  three  daugh- 
ters of  Sir  Richard  Deane  married  into  three  of  the 
most  Republican  families  of  the  time,  Rolfe,  Mild- 
may,  and  Goodwin." 

Some  items  of  prices  may  be  gathered  from  the 
diary: —  2  coach  horses  cost  8  ready  cash  ;  a  horse 
at  pasture  cost  3/-  a  week  ;  piece  of  velvet  37  y^^ 
long  19^  a  yard ;  2  dozen  small  candles  12/-  (beinge 
very  dear)  ;  3  quarts  of  the  best  sallet  oyle  7/-  ; 
and  he  sold  his  "  velvett "  bed  to  Thomas  Chickley 
for  ;^8o.  To  M*"  Gunter  he  paid  1/4  for  peas 
and  strawberries  ;  a  leg  of  mutton  cost  10^  ;  and 
tobacco  I/-  an  ounce.  The  theatre  cost  i/-  and  1/6. 
It  would  be  interesting  to  know  whether  the  Mr. 
Gunter  referred  to  was  an  ancestor  of  the  well- 
known  Gunter  of  Berkeley  Square. 

In  the  diary  are  certain  expressions  not  easy  of 
interpretation,  and  the  kindness  of  the  Editor  per- 
mitted their  insertion  in  Notes  and  Queries  with 
a  request  for  help  towards  explaining  them. 

They  are  as  follows  : — 
"  To  Church  againe,  and  after  supper  to  the  Spaniards 

discipline^  and  to  bedd." 
"  Morrisen  putt  on  me  a  new  suit  of  parragen'' 
"  Measured  the  pale." 

"Captain  Marcie  came  to  me  and  was  despatched 

by  the  defaulte  of  his  compliment^ 
"  To  Putleigh  I  rode  and  remained  there  all  day  to 

putt  for  the  poore  children." 
Danceing  the  ropes." 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  95 

"  Sir  Will  Waler  the  Conqueror  to  London  "  July 
1643. 

"  To  my  Camel  where  I  beate  sticke  and  came  home." 

In  Notes  and  Queries^  10  S.  II.,  page  533,  were 
these  answers  : — 
"  Parragen."    By  this  I  presume  parragone  is  inten- 
ded, which   is  a  richly  embroidered  cloth 
imported  principally  from  Turkey. 
"  Dancing  the  ropes."  To  be  hanged. 
"  To  putt  for  the  poore  children."  Putt,  a  silly  fellow, 
a  clown,  an  oddity. 

(Signed)     EVERARD  HOME  COLEMAN. 

Perhaps  the  "  Spaniards  Discipline  "  was  of  the 
religious  observances  partially  introduced  by  Philip 
of  Spain. 

A  "  parragen  "  is  probably  a  burracan,  a  kind  of 

woollen  stuff,  a  sort  of  camlet  of  which  coat 

and  trousers  were  made. 
"  Measured  the  pale."  Looked  to  his  expenditure. 

To  leap  the  pale  was  to  exceed   in  one*s 

expenses.  Halliwell. 
A  "compliment "  was  a  gift  or  present.  Captain 
Marcie  seems  to  have  been  shown  the  door  in  de- 
fault of  something  of  the  kind. 

Possibly  when  Sir  Humphrey  rode  to  Putleigh, 
and  remained  there  all  day  to  "  putt "  for  the  poor 
children,  he  went  to  amuse  them  by  means  of  a 
game  of  cards,  now  obsolete,  called  putt. 

"  Dancing  the  ropes."    Would  not  this  be  an  item 
of  expenditure  devoted  to  the  pleasures  of  the 


96  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

time.    Pepys  recalls  going  to  see  Jacob  HalFs 
dancing  on  the  ropes. 
"  To  beat  sticke."    Query  to  depart,  like  to  beat 
the  hoof,  i.e.  to  depart. 

(Signed)     F.  HOLDEN  MacMICHAEL. 

"A  new  suit  of  parragen,'*  i.e.   parragon,  q.v. 
N.E.D. 

"Sir  Will   Waler."    Sir  William   Waller,  q.v. 

(Signed)     W.  C.  B. 

We  cannot  feel  altogether  satisfied  with  these 
explanations,  "  Parragen  "  may  very  possibly  be 
barragon,  which  with  serges  and  other  woven 
fabrics  was  manufactured  at  Alton,  Hants. 

"  Dancing  the  ropes "  may  refer  to  some  per- 
former dancing  on  ropes,  but  not  to  the  execution 
of  criminals,  for  Sir  Humphrey,  in  his  diary,  men- 
tions several  times  the  hanging  of  offenders,  and 
always  says  they  were  hanged.  He  would  not  be 
likely  on  a  single  occasion  to  use  a  vulgar  and 
rather  brutal  expression. 

In  our  opinion  "  putting  "  for  the  poor  children 
meant  some  form  of  voting  for  them  when  they 
were  being  drawn  or  selected  as  apprentices. 

We  have  never  heard  the  expression  "  to  beat 
the  hoof,"  but  are  familiar  with  "  to  pad  the  hoof." 

As  for  Sir  William  Waller,  we  believe  he  was  in 
Ireland  in  July,  1643,  ^^^^  D.N.B.  contra- 

dict this. 

The  second  part  of  Sir  Humphrey's  diary  run- 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MH^DMAY  97 

ning  from  11  July,  1652,  to  2  June,  1666,  is 
among  the  Marquis  of  Ormonde's  papers  at  Kil- 
kenny Castle.  Mr.  C.  Litton  Falkiner  was  kind 
enough  to  examine  this  thoroughly,  and  reported 
that  the  diary  contains  nothing  of  interest,  being 
merely  a  chronicle  of  the  weather  and  of  the 
diarist's  health.  From  the  extracts  Mr.  Falkiner 
was  so  good  as  to  send,  this  can  be  clearly  seen  ; 
also  that  by  1665  the  writer  was  an  invalid,  for  the 
entries  of  "  In  bed  and  by  the  fyre  "  run  consecu- 
tively day  after  day.  When  the  diary  closes 
Sir  Humphrey  was  nearly  seventy-four  years  of 
age,  and  probably  did  not  live  much  longer. 

Sir  Humphreys  eldest  son  John  was  both  a 
soldier  and  a  Commissioner  of  Excise  for  the 
county  of  Essex.  A  helmet  bearing  the  Mildmay 
lion,  which  hangs  in  Danbtry  Church,  is  supposed 
to  have  been  his.  In  his  military  capacity  he  was 
with  the  Royal  troops  in  Colchester  when  that 
town  was  besieged,  was  taken  prisoner  on  the  sur- 
render, and  it  is  amusing  to  imagine  that  he  may 
have  been  given  into  the  custody  of  his  cousin 
Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  of  Marks,  who  com- 
manded a  Parliamentary  regiment  on  this  occasion. 

He  was  imprisoned  for  a  time,  but  freed  upon 
his  parole  to  appear  any  time  within  six  months, 
after  six  days'  warning,  to  be  left  at  his  father's 
house  of  Danbury.  His  horses  were  delivered  to 
him  on  payment  of  their  charges. 

A  reminder  of  this  same  siege  came  to  light  in 
1905,  for  while  an  ancient  shop  was  undergoing 

H 


98  THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

repairs,  massive  oaken  beams  were  found  thickly 
studded  with  bullets  fired  during  the  siege. 

As  Excise  Commissioner  John  had  much  trouble 
with  his  office  which  he  farmed.  He  was  dis- 
charged from  it  by  Parliament  in  1665,  and 
apparently  there  were  claims  against  him  on 
account  of  it,  for  after  the  Restoration  we  find 
in  the  Treasury  accounts,  5  December,  1661  : — 
"  Allowance  to  Colonel  John  Mildmay  Com- 
missioner of  Excise  for  Essex  of  ;;^ioo  for  losses." 
In  February,  1662-3  he  got  £4.00  more,  and 
31  January,  1664: — "Warrant  from  Treasurer 
Southampton  to  the  Excise  Commissioners  to  dis- 
charge John  Mildmay  of  his  debt  of  ^^6 8-1 0-0  as 
a  Farmer  of  some  part  of  the  Excise,  for  which 
said  Mildmay  is  in  prison,  and  his  security  Thomas 
Killigrew  is  being  sued  in  the  Exchequer.  All  in 
consideration  of  Mildmay's  sufferings  and  faithful 
services."  Even  then  he  does  not  go  free,  for  on 
6  May,  1665,  there  is  another  warrant  from 
Treasurer  Southampton  to  the  Excise  Com- 
missioners to  discharge  John  Mildmay,  a  Sub- 
Commissioner,  of  an  arrear  of  ;^I36  19s.  6d.,  he 
having  been  long  a  prisoner  in  the  King's  Bench, 
all  in  consideration  of  his  services  to  the  late  King 
in  the  late  war.  Let  us  hope  that  this  last  order 
procured  his  release. 

John  married,  in  1665,  Mary  Bancroft,  inherited 
the  Danbury  property,  had  no  children,  left  Dan- 
bury  to  his  widow,  who  took  as  her  second  husband 
Dr.  Croly,  by  whom  she  had  one  daughter,  who 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY  99 

married  Wm.  Fytche,  when  Danbury  passed  to 
that  family,  and  subsequently  to  many  other 
owners. 

The  modern  house  was  built  by  Mr.  Round, 
who,  in  1832,  pulled  down  the  one  built  by  Sir 
Walter  Mildmay,  known  in  his  time  as  Deenbury 
Place.  Nothing  now  remains  of  the  Mildmay 
period,  except  perhaps  some  of  the  trees,  for  there 
are  grand  old  oaks  standing  in  Danbury  Park, 
possibly  dating  back  to  Sir  Humphrey's  time. 

In  1845  Danbury  was  purchased  by  the  Ecclesi- 
astical Commissioners,  and  was  for  some  time  an 
Episcopal  residence. 

The  Fytche  family  possessed  a  portrait  of 
Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Danbury,  oet.  7  anno. 
1599,  of  which  there  is  an  Indian  ink  drawing 
in  the  Dogmersfield  scrap-book. 

John's  tombstone  in  Danbury  Church  records  : — 
"Hie   jacet  |  Joannes    Mildmay    Armiger  |  filius 
Humfredi  Mildmay  |  Milites  in  comitatu  Essexiae 
I  obitt  10  August  1673." 

Sir  Humphrey's  second  and  favourite  son,  so 
often  referred  to  in  the  diary  as  Nompee,  evidently 
a  pet  version  of  Humphrey,  was  made  heir  to  the 
Queen  Camel  estate. 

Camel  was  a  common  river-name  among  the 
Britons,  and  Queen  added  from  the  manor,  having 
belonged  to  the  Queen  of  William  the  Conqueror. 

In  1660  there  was  a  grant  for  peppercorn  rent 
of  Hazlegrove  farm  to  Wm.  Parker,  of  London, 
for    ninety-nine   years,  in    consideration    of  the 


100         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


marriage  of  Humphrey  Mildmay  and  Sarah,  sister 
of  Wm.  Parker.  This  was  Nompee*s  second 
wife. 

She  is  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey  under  a 
wrong  name.  In  the  register  of  burials  in  the 
Abbey  appears: — "  1 700-1  Jan.  17  M*^^  Dorothy 
Mildmay,  widow,  in  the  South  Cross,  at  the 
entrance  to  S^  Benedict's  Chapel.'' 

In  Colonel  Chester's  register  of  Marriages, 
Baptisms,  and  Burials  in  St.  Peter's  Church,  West- 
minster, there  is  this  note  : — 

"  The  Christian  name  in  the  register  is  wrong, 
and  should  be  Sarah.  In  an  original  affidavit  of 
her  burial  in  woollen,  curiously  preserved  among 
the  Abbey  muniments,  dated  22  Jan  1 700/1,  she 
is  called  *  M''^  Sarah  Mildmay  of  the  parish  of 
Crist  Church  in  the  City  of  London.'  In  her  will 
dated  2  Jan  1 700/ 1  she  was  described  as  *  Sarah 
Mildmay,  widow,  relict  of  Humphrey  Mildmay  of 
Queen  Camel,  Co  Somerset,  Esqre,'  and  she  directed 
to  be  buried  in  the  Abbey  Church  of  S'  Peter  in 
Westminster,  while  an  affidavit  in  her  handwriting 
states  that  the  will  was  written  on  that  day  '  at  her 
lodging  in  the  house  of  M^  Dewe  in  Warwick 
lane,'  which  is  in  the  parish  of  Christchurch. 
There  can  be  therefore  no  doubt  as  to  her  identity, 
so  that  there  was  an  inadvertent  error  in  the  Abbey 
register.  She  left  ;^ioo  for  her  funeral  expenses, 
and  ;Cio  to  the  poor  of  the  parish  of  Plympton, 
Co  Devon,  where  she  was  born.  The  will  was 
proved  14  March  1 700/1  by  her  Executor  Francis 


SIR  HUMPHREY  MILDMAY 


Nixon.  She  was  the  youngest  daughter  of  Edmund 
Parker,  Co  Devon,  was  unmarried  at  the  date  of 
her  father's  will  in  1642,  and  was  probably  up- 
wards of  seventy  years  of  age  at  her  death." 

In  the  church  at  Hazlegrove  is  a  tablet  bearing 
the  Mildmay  arms  and  inscribed  : — 

"  Near  this  place  lyeth  the  body  of  Humphrey 
Mildmay  Esqre,  Lord  of  this  manor,  second  son 
of  Sir  Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Danbury  in  the 
County  of  Essex.  He  sustained  several  wounds 
in  the  wars  for  his  loyalty  to  his  Prince  King 
Charles  I,  particularly  at  Newbury  fight,  where  he 
served  as  Major  under  his  uncle  the  Earl  of 
Cleveland,  and  was  taken  up  among  the  slain. 
His  first  wife  was  Sarah  the  daughter  of  Thomas 
Freke  Esqre  of  Honiton,  S^  Mary,  Dorsetshire. 
His  second  wife  was  Sarah  daughter  of  Edmund 
Parker  of  Borringdon  in  Devonshire.  He  died 
on  the  19^^  November  1690,  aged  67,  and  having 
no  issue,  left  his  estate  to  his  kinsman  Carew 
Hervey  Mildmay  of  Marks,  who  in  token  of  his 
gratitude  erected  this  monument." 


ANTHONY  MILDMAY 


o 


NE  of  the  boon  companions  of  Sir 
Humphrey  the  diarist,  was  his  brother 
Anthony,  of  whose  early  life  nothing 
much  is  known,  but  he  very  probably 


was  the  Anthony  Mildmay  who  was  Member  for 
Westlow,  Cornwall,  in  1640. 

He  was  attached  to  the  Court,  being  one  of  the 
sewers  or  table  attendants  to  King  Charles  I  ; 
Wood  calls  him  carver,  and  he  was  very  constant 
in  his  attendance  on  that  monarch  when  in  con- 
finement. 

The  following  letter  of  Anthony  Mildmay  to  his 
brother,  Sir  Henry,  is  interesting  as  showing  his 
own  opinion  of  the  services  he  had  rendered  and 
their  inadequate  reward,  and  his  opinion  of  his 
King,  with  that  King*s  opinion  of  Sir  Henry.  It 
is  taken  from  the  Clarke  Papers^  Camden  Society 
publications,  and  was  first  printed  27  April-8  May, 
1648,  in  the  Mercurius  VeridicuSj  a  Royalist 
paper. 

My  worthy  good  Brother 

"  1  am  resolved  to  continue  here  one  month 
more  to  see  what  time  will  produce,  but  longer  I 


102 


\l  I  AIN    ANTHONY  MII.DMAY 


ANTHONY  MILDMAY  103 

will  not  stay  upon  the  terms  I  am  now,  my  danger 
being  very  great  and  certain,  and  my  reward 
uncertain ;  for  you  may  well  conceive  that  the 
malignant  party  will  be  still  practising  against  me, 
to  make  me  suspected  of  the  Parliament  and  their 
Army,  hoping  to  remove  me  by  that  means  :  all 
other  ways  they  practised  in  vain.  Many  things 
are  omitted  in  the  last  declaration  which  I  hope 
you  will  mention  in  the  next.  Some  little  time 
before  the  first  expedition  against  the  Scots,  Ship- 
money  and  other  taxes  coming  in  slow,  it  was 
resolved  by  the  King  (at  a  juncto)  that  a  regiment 
of  horse  should  be  presently  raised,  the  pretence 
for  a  Guard  for  the  King's  person  ;  but  there  was 
no  need  of  that,  there  being  a  band  of  Pensioners 
and  the  Yeomen  of  the  Guard.  The  old  Countesse 
of  Devonshire  paid  ;^2,ooo  to  Marquess  Hamilton, 
which  he  was  to  have  as  a  gift  when  this  Lord 
Wilmot  was  established  Commander  in  Chief  of 
that  regiment.  If  M""  Haughton  an  Attorney 
living  in  St.  James  and  one  M*^  Barrow  that  lives 
in  Cheneys  in  Buckinghamshire,  Sir  Edward 
Worthey  and  Faye  Wortley  be  examined  they  will 
satisfie  the  Parliament  that  this  horseguard  was  to 
be  imployed  absolutely  to  force  the  King's  will 
upon  the  people.  Sir,  this  day,  our  worthy 
Governor  and  the  King  had  some  disputes  in  my 
hearing  and  others.  In  short,  the  King  had  very 
many  bitter  expressions  against  your  proceedings, 
and  said,  that  any  King  that  should  do  such 
abominable  things  as  you  did  deserved  to  have 


I04         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

his  Crown  pulled  off  his  head.  I  was  astonished 
to  hear  him  say  so  ;  for  formerly  his  opinion  was 
that  no  king  could  deserve  to  be  deposed  ;  that  he 
was  accomptable  to  none  but  God  :  Who  then 
should  pull  off  his  Crown  ?  He  said  that  the 
passing  of  the  Act  to  make  Strafford  a  traitor  lay 
heavie  on  his  conscience.  That  it  was  the  greatest 
sin  he  ever  committed,  that  he  was  forced  to  do  it, 
and  if  he  had  the  power,  he  would  say  the  same 
against  all  the  Acts  he  had  passed  this  Parliament. 
In  some  of  his  Declarations  from  Oxford  he  ex- 
presseth  with  what  freedome  hee  passed  all  the 
Acts  that  hee  passed  this  Parliament,  and  if  they 
were  to  passe,  hee  would  passe  them,  and  now  you 
hear  hee  professed  the  contrary  in  the  hearing  of 
divers  of  us.  He  is  the  most  perfidious  man  that 
ever  lived,  and  if  he  ever  gets  power,  he  will  make 
no  more  difficulty  to  hang  you  than  I  will  to  eat 
my  dinner  this  cold  day.  Our  charge  is  great  and 
dangerous,  our  attendance  insupportable,  did  not 
God  enable  us.  You  know  what  discouragements 
I  have  when  strangers  are  placed  before  me,  and 
although  they  be  honest  men,  yet  they  have  not 
performed  the  service  to  Parliament  that  I  have. 
I  was  servant  to  King  James  in  an  honorable  con- 
dition, and  to  this  King  ever  since  he  was  crown'd, 
and  yourself  and  all  who  know  me  must  affirm 
that  1  was  ever  a  great  opponent  of  tyranny  and 
Popery.  Eighteen  years  since  I  was  sworn  Gent 
of  the  Privie  Chamber,  and  so  continued,  and  now 
I  am  lesse,  and  must  so  continue  or  come  away. 


ANTHONY  MILDMAY  105 

I  desire  your  advice  without  which  I  will  do 
nothing. 

"  Your  brother  and  Servant 

"A.  MILDMAY 
"  Carrisbrook,  29  Feb:  1647." 

On  the  2 1st  March,  1648,  Anthony  writes  from 
Windsor  Castle  to  Mr.  Faulconbridge,  His 
Majesty*s  Receiver-General,  asking  ;^ioo  in  pay- 
ment of  official  services,  and  John  Creyke  receipts 
the  same  paper  as  receiving  the  £100  for  Captain 
Mildmay,  in  respect  to  the  said  Captain's  allowance 
of  £200  per  annum  as  one  of  the  four  gentlemen 
attending  the  King  in  the  Isle  of  Wight. 

There  was  a  warrant  from  Parliament  on  the 
9th  July,  1648,  to  bring  up  in  safe  custody  Captain 
Anthony  Mildmay,  but  he  soon  made  his  peace, 
probably  through  the  influence  of  his  brother.  Sir 
Henry,  and  on  the  30th  November,  1648,  Lieut.- 
Colonel  Cobbett  came  with  Anthony  Mildmay  to 
the  door  of  the  King's  chamber  at  Newport,  and 
made  a  great  knocking.  On  the  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond, who  was  in  attendance,  enquiring  what  it 
meant,  Mildmay  made  answer  that  some  of  the 
officers  of  the  army  wished  to  see  the  King.  They 
were  admitted,  the  King  arrested  and  taken  from 
the  Isle  of  Wight. 

The  trial  and  condemnation  ot  the  King  soon 
followed,  and  a  week  after  the  execution  the  body 
of  the  King,  embalmed  and  coffined  in  lead,  was 
confided   to   Anthony    Mildmay,   Mr.  Herbert, 


io6         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


another  of  the  sewers.  Captain  Preston,  and  John 
Joynen,  formerly  cook  to  Charles  I,  and  by  them 
taken  in  a  hearse  to  Windsor,  and  placed  in  that 
which  formerly  was  the  King's  bedchamber.  (See 
Heath's  Chronicles,)  In  the  statement  rendered 
of  expenses  incurred  the  hearse  is  called  a  chariot. 
Mr.  Herbert  resolved  to  bury  Charles  1  in  the 
vault  under  the  monument  to  King  Edward  IV, 
and  gave  orders  for  the  opening  thereof,  but  the 
Duke  of  Richmond,  Marquess  of  Hertford,  Earl 
of  Southampton,  and  Earl  of  Lindsey  coming  to 
Windsor  to  perform  their  last  duty  to  the  King's 
memory,  had  the  body  placed  in  a  hollow  where 
were  the  coffins  of  King  Henry  VIII  and  Queen 
Jane,  his  third  wife.  Bishop  Juxon  was  present 
to  perform  the  office  of  burial,  but  Colonel 
Whitchot,  the  Governor  of  the  Castle,  would  not 
suffer  it. 

No  mention  is  made  of  Anthony  Mildmay  at 
the  burial.  He  probably  was  not  of  sufficient 
social  importance  to  join  such  great  nobles,  besides 
being  regarded  as  a  very  doubtful  Royalist. 

He  received  £io  for  mourning  cloth  on  the 
occasion. 

Anthony  signed  the  true  inventory  of  all  the 
horses  belonging  to  Titbury  Race,  being  part  of 
the  late  King's  personal  estate,  taken  24  July,  1649. 
There  were  102  horses,  valued  at  £i()'^2.  (See 
Newmar\et^  by  Hore.) 

He  was  active  in  dealing  with  the  valuables  in 
the  Jewel  Houses,  as  appears  from  the  release  to  his 


ANTHONY  MILDMAY  107 

brother,  Sir  Henry,  quoted  in  the  account  of  that 
brother,  and  from  a  paper  dated  25  September, 
1649  :— 

"  Ye  trustees  names  who  took  away  the  King's 
plate  out  of  the  Jewel  House  both  at  Whitehall 
and  the  Tower. 

Geo:  Withers    )   The  Keys  of  the  Tower  to 
Ant:  Mildmay  )      be  delivered  to  them. 
And  seven  others." 

By  the  advice  of  Sir  Henry  the  younger  children 
of  the  late  King  were  committed  to  Captain 
Anthony's  custody.  In  July,  1650,  instructions 
were  given  to  him  by  the  Council  of  State  to 
remove  the  late  King's  children  from  the  care  of 
the  Countess  of  Leicester  at  Pencester  (Penshurst) 
to  Carisbrook  Castle,  in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  and  he 
was  ordered  to  go  with  his  wife  and  take  the  Duke 
of  Gloucester  and  his  sister  and  receive  £200  on 
account  for  his  expenses.  This  he  did,  and  in  Sep- 
tember the  Princess  Elizabeth  died,  as  reported  in 
the  Modern  Intelligencer^  September  10-18,  1650. 

"Thursday,  September  12.  This  day  came  cer- 
tain news  from  the  Isle  of  Wight  of  the  death  of 
Lady  Elizabeth  Stuart  daughter  of  the  late  King, 
who  being  at  bowls,  a  sport  she  much  delighted 
in,  there  fell  a  sudden  shower  which  caused  her  to 
take  cold,  being  of  a  sickly  constitution,  she  fell 
into  a  feverish  distemper,  which  notwithstanding 
the  care  and  industry  of  that  faithful  gentleman 
Mr.  Anthony  Mildmay,  and  all  the  arts  of 
physicians,  being  naturally  of  a  weak  body,  and 


io8         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


her  fever  growing  strong  upon  her,  She  departed 
this  life  on  Sunday  8  September.'* 

She  probably  had  not  much  chance  of  recovery, 
for  Captain  Anthony  wrote  to  the  Council  that 
Carisbrook  was  bleak  and  cold,  and  may  be  pre- 
judicial to  health,  and  as,  according  to  Hume,  the 
Commons  intended  to  apprentice  the  Princess  to  a 
button-maker,  it  was  perhaps  as  well  that  she  died. 

The  leaden  coffin  containing  the  remains  of  the 
Princess  was  found  in  1793,  when  digging  a  grave 
in  the  chancel  of  Newport  Church  for  the  inter- 
ment of  a  brother  of  Lord  Delawar. 

She  died  in  her  sixteenth  year,  and  is  said  to 
have  been  found  dead  with  her  face  resting  on  an 
open  Bible,  a  Bible  she  much  loved,  for  it  was 
given  to  her  by  her  father.  She  is  thus  represented 
on  the  marble  monument  erected  to  her  memory 
by  Her  Majesty  Queen  Victoria. 

In  the  same  month  of  September  the  Duke  of 
Gloucester,  or,  as  he  is  now  called,  Henry  Stuart, 
is  to  go  to  Heidelberg,  and  Captain  Anthony  is 
desired  to  send  one  of  the  Duke's  servants  to 
receive  money  for  the  journey,  but  there  seems 
reason  to  believe  that  Mildmay  opposed  the  Duke's 
departure,  not  caring  probably  to  be  deprived  of 
the  money  he  received  for  acting  as  custodian.  But 
he  was  kind  to  the  Duke,  and  on  good  terms  with 
him,  as  appears  from  the  following  letter  : — 

"  S*"  I  hope  you  remember  the  promise  you  made 
to  me  when  you  went  from  hence.     My  liberty 


ANTHONY  MILDMAY  109 

will  not  be  granted  yet  methinkes,  some  enlarge- 
ment should,  and  I  not  be  thought  to  intend  my 
pleasure  more  than  my  health  in  desiring  it.  You 
can  best  judge  how  far  it  will  be  best  to  proceede 
in  my  behalfe,  I  would  have  nothing  askt  that  may 
be  thought  unfitt  nor  anything  that  is  not  so  if 
likely  to  displease.  This  you  may  be  sure  of  and 
therefore  not  doubt  to  use  your  own  liberty  (with- 
out regard  to  myne)  in  considering  first  what  is 
safe,  then  the  satisfaction  and  benefit  of  your 

"  loveing  friend 

*'H.  GLOUCESTER." 

Some  time  after  this,  that  is,  in  February,  1653, 
Colonel  Sydenham,  Governor  of  the  isle  of  Wight, 
informed  Cromwell  that  Mr.  Lovell  had  procured 
a  vessel  to  convey  Henry  Stuart  to  Flanders,  but 
complains  that  Mildmay,  without  a  particular  order 
from  Parliament,  refuses  "  to  let  the  child  out  of 
his  custody,  and  keeps  him  close  locked  up  within 
the  compass  of  his  own  lodgings." 

Mr.  Percy  G.  Stone  in  Architectural  Antiquities 
of  the  Isle  of  JVight  goes  on  to  state  "  that  the 
determination  was  against  the  young  Duke's  wishes 
is  apparent  from  a  letter  addressed  by  him  to  the 
Council  of  State,  which  concluded  with  a  request 
that  Colonel  Sydenham  may  be  allowed  to  hasten 
his  departure  despite  opposition  on  Mildmay*s  part. 
This  letter  had  the  desired  effect,  and  in  February, 
1653,  the  Duke  sailed  from  Cowes  for  Flanders." 

Frequent  petitions  for  arrears  of  money  were  sent 


no         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


by  Anthony  Mildmay.  On  the  25th  November, 
1650,  he  rendered  account  of  money  received  for 
the  care  and  keep  of  Prince  Henry  and  Princess 
Elizabeth,  children  of  the  late  King,  from  9  August 
to  22  November  at  ^^^3000  a  year.  On  the  death 
of  the  Princess  the  cost  of  keep  was  lessened  by 
the  discharge  of  four  servants  only.  He  had  ex- 
pended in  extras  j^ioo  for  the  journey  from 
Penshurst  to  the  Isle  of  Wight  ;  100  in  repairing 
and  furnishing  Carisbrook  Castle ;  ;^8o  for  medical 
attendance  and  personal  charges  for  the  late  Princess, 
and  for  a  leaden  coffin,  vault,  and  journey  to 
London  to  acquaint  the  Council  with  her  sickness  ; 
^32  2s.  6d.  for  gentlemen  attending  the  Council. 
Total,  ;^3I2  2s.  6d.,  which  is  ordered  to  be  paid  to 
him. 

After  the  death  of  the  Princess  the  allowance  for 
the  care  of  Henry  Stuart  was  reduced  to  ^^1500, 
and  Captain  Anthony  sent  the  following  letter  on 
behalf  of  the  Princess*  servants  : — 

"  May  it  please  your  Honour 

"  In  obedience  to  the  Council  of  State  I  took 
care  of  the  late  King's  children,  one  of  which,  the 
Lady  Elizabeth,  being  since  deceased,  and  her  four 
servants  allowed  by  the  Council  being  thereupon 
discharged,  they  are  now  Petitioners  to  the 
Parliament  to  be  taken  into  consideration,  accord- 
ing to  their  own  noble  presidents  (sic)  in  like 
cases. 

"These  things  having  fallen  out  during  my 


ANTHONY  MILDMAY  in 


unhappy  employment,  and  having  found  the 
Petitioners  deportment  to  be  very  civil  and 
inoffensive,  and  humbly  conceiving  them  fit  objects 
of  the  Parliament's  compassion,  do  presume  to 
make  it  my  very  humble  suit,  that  your  Honours 
will  please  to  vouchsafe  them  what  charitable 
Favour  their  necessitous  Behaviour  (rectius 
condition)  seemed  to  begge. 

"And  I  am  the  rather  encouraged  to  become 
thus  troublesome  from  the  Assurance  1  have  of 
your  Honour's  goodness  ;  acknowledging  with 
great  thankfulness  the  many  Favours  you  have 
been  pleased  formerly  to  honour  me  with.  To  all 
which  if  you  shall  please  to  make  the  Addition, 
and  pardon  this  too  great  Boldness,  Obligation  of 
Gratitude  and  Duty  will  be  much  increased  upon 
Your  Honours  most  faithful  servant. 

A.  MILDEMAY,  Carisbrook  Casde,  Oct.  28,  1650. 

(1)  John  Barniston,  her  Gentleman  Usher 

(2)  Judith  Briott,  her  Gentlewoman 

(3)  Elizabeth  Janes,  her  Laundrie  Mayde 

(4)  John  Clarke,  Groom  of  the  Chamber 
"To  the  Honourable  W'"  Leiithall  Esqre  Speaker 

in  Parliament." 

In  August,  1654,  he  sent  another  petition  asking 
that  his  arrears  of  £26^  19s.  may  be  paid  to  him, 
which  arrears  he  did  not  get. 

After  the  Restoration  there  was  an  indictment 
and  conviction  of  Anthony  Mildmay  on  the 
24th  July,  1 66 1,  for  embezzling  plate  and  goods 


112         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


belonging  to  the  late  King,  and  in  October,  1661, 
Colonel  Sydenham  was  relieved  of  his  office,  and 
the  persons  of  Anthony  Mildmay  and  others 
attached. 

On  the  17th  September,  1662,  there  was  a  grant 
to  Hastwait  Wright  and  eleven  other  officers  and 
suffisrers  in  the  late  King's  service,  of  a  third  part 
of  certain  concealed  goods,  jewels,  money,  etc., 
discovered  by  them,  viz.  plate,  hangings,  etc., 
delivered  to  Anthony  Mildmay  of  Newington 
Green,  Middlesex,  for  the  use  of  the  Duke  of 
Gloucester  and  Princess  Elizabeth,  at  Carisbrook 
Castle,  but  converted  to  his  own  use. 

Lastly,  15  May,  1663,  warrant  to  Anthony 
Mildmay,  who  is  indebted  to  the  King  £195^ 
plate  taken  at  Carisbrook  Castle  belonging  to  the 
Crown,  and  has  paid  one-third  to  Richard  Pight, 
the  discoverer,  to  pay  the  other  two-thirds  to 
Charles  Wheeler  and  others  and  compound  with 
them  for  the  same. 

The  epithet,  "a  knave  at  heart,"  which  Mr. 
Stone  in  his  book  applies  to  Anthony  Mildmay, 
seems  hardly  deserved,  for,  no  doubt,  he  only 
followed  the  general  example  in  appropriating  part 
of  the  late  King's  possessions,  and,  in  his  case, 
this  was  possibly  done  to  make  good  arrears  of 
money  due  to  him  for  the  expenses  of  his  custody 
of  the  late  King's  children. 

By  an  order  of  Council  plate  was  given  out  for 
the  use  of  the  young  Prince  and  Princess  when 
they  were  under  the  charge  of  Anthony  Mildmay, 


ANTHONY  MILDMAY  113 

and  this  doubtless  is  the  plate  he  was  accused  of 
embezzling. 

According  to  a  paper  presented  to  the  House  of 
Lords  in  1660,  he  also  took  possession  of  the  so- 
called  Unicorn's  horn  that  was  at  Windsor. 

Anthony's  signature  is  to  be  seen  on  a  paper  at 
Dogmersfield,  being  a  release  to  his  brother,  Sir 
Henry,  and  the  writing  is  very  good. 

There  was  a  picture  of  Captain  Anthony  Mild- 
may  at  Moulsham.  This  has  disappeared,  but  a 
very  good  small  Indian  ink  drawing  of  it  is  in  the 
Dogmersfield  scrap-book. 

He  apparently  acquired  the  title  of  Captain 
before  the  Civil  War,  and  during  that  war  com- 
manded No.  34  troop  of  horse,  under  the 
Parliamentary  Commander  the  Earl  of  Bedford. 

His  wife's  Christian  name  was  Anne,  and  she  is 
mentioned  in  the  will  of  her  sister-in-law,  wife  of 
Sir  Henry  Mildmay. 

She  was  possibly  the  Anne  Murrey,  who  married 
an  Anthony  Mildmay  27  February,  1648-9,  but 
we  have  not  discovered  whether  she  had  any 
children,  nor  where  or  when  Captain  Anthony 
died. 


I 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  OF 
WANSTEAD 


THE  most  notorious  of  the  brothers  of 
Sir  Humphrey  the  diarist  was  Henry, 
who,  though  a  very  young  man,  was 
appointed  Master  of  the  Jewel  Office  in 
1609,  and  held  that  position  under  James  I  and 
Charles  I,  having  a  residence  in  Whitehall.  In  a 
private  letter  of  the  time  he  is  said  to  have  bought 
the  appointment  for  ;^2ooo  or  ^3000.  This  is 
very  possible,  for  though  the  fees  actually  due  to 
the  Master  of  the  Jewel  Office  only  amounted  to 
^^50  yearly,  Henry  Mildmay,  from  the  fees  he 
himself  instituted,  received  at  the  rate  of  £2^0  a 
year  during  his  term  of  office,  altogether  about 
/ 1 0,000. 

He  belonged  to  Gray*s  Inn,  was  one  of  the 
King's  sewers,  and  was  knighted  9  August,  161 7. 

Judging  by  the  entries  in  the  Domestic  State 
Papers,  one  of  Sir  Henry's  principal  duties  was  to 
find  money  by  pawning  or  selling  plate  and  jewels, 
and  it  is  very  probable  that  he  caused  to  be  sold 
one  of  the  most  remarkable  of  the  jewels  that  were 
in  the  Tower  in  the  reign  of  James  1.  This  was  a 
gold  jewel  set  with  a  very  large  diamond,  a  ruby 
to  match,  and  two  other  diamonds,  one  being 

114 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  115 

known  as  the  "  Stone  of  Scotland,"  and  the  jewel 
was  called  the  "  Mirror  of  Great  Britain." 

There  must  have  been  a  large  quantity  of  plate 
in  the  Jewel  House  not  required  by  the  Royal 
Households,  for  not  only  was  Sir  Henry  allowed 
the  us(  of  some  at  Whitehall  and  Wanstead,  but 
others  had  the  same  privilege,  and  it  was  freely 
given  awny. 

A  paper  signed  by  Sir  Henry  gives  some  idea 
of  the  expenditure  on  plate,  for  it  authorises  the 
payment  of  £6jS6  to  John  Acton,  Goldsmith  to 
the  King,  for  gilt  plate,  chains,  and  medals  of  gold 
to  Ambassadors,  and  for  repairs  of  plate,  for  the 
year  ending  25  March,  1637.  This  is  a  large  sum 
considering  the  difference  in  the  value  of  money 
at  that  date  and  now. 

Sir  Henry  was  brought  up  at  Court,  excelled  in 
manly  exercises,  and  Clarendon  terms  him: — *'A 
great  flatterer  of  all  persons  in  authority." 

He  was  a  man  about  town,  much  in  society,  and 
not  over  strict  in  his  behaviour,  as  may  be  learnt 
from  a  picture  of  him  on  a  pack  of  political  play- 
ing-cards, of  which  there  is  a  facsimile  in  the 
Guildhall. 

In  the  will  of  the  eccentric  Philip,  Earl  of 
Pembroke,  there  is  this  clause: — "  then  seeing  that 
I  did  menace  a  certain  Henry  Mildmay  but  did 
not  thrash  him,  I  do  leave  the  sum  of  ^^50  sterling 
to  the  lacquey  that  shall  pay  my  debt." 

Sir  Henry  married  6  April,  16 19,  Anne,  daughter 
and  coheir  of  William  Haliday,  mercer  and  Alder- 


ii6         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


man  of  London,  and  this  marriage  was  mainly- 
brought  about  by  the  following  letter  from  King 
James  1  to  Alderman  Haliday  : — 

James  Rex 

"  Trusty  and  well  beloved  we  greet  you  well. 
We  understand  that  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  our 
servant,  is  a  suitor  to  your  daughter,  who,  for  his 
person  and  other  external  parts  may  well  appear  to 
you  worthy  of  the  match  with  any  gentlewoman  of 
good  quality.  As  for  our  opinion  of  him  it  may 
be  seen  by  this,  that  we  have  preferred  him  from  a 
place  of  ordinary  attendance  about  our  person,  to 
a  place  of  great  charge  and  trust,  which  we  never 
before  bestowed  on  a  man  of  his  years  ;  and  there- 
fore we  can  not  but  wish  him  all  advancement  of 
his  fortunes,  and  particularly  in  that  match  with 
your  daughter,  whereunto,  if  ye  shall  give  it  your 
best  furtherance,  you  shall  not  only  give  us  good 
cause  of  acknowledging  your  respect  unto  us 
herein,  but  as  we  have  been  and  will  be  a  father 
unto  him,  so  will  we  unto  your  daughter. 

"  Given  at  our  Court  at  Theobalds,  fourth  day, 
Oct:  1618. 

"  If  ye  knew  how  far  your  conformity  to  our 
pleasure  in  this  will  be  acceptable  unto  us,  and 
profitable  to  yourselves,  you  would  be  willinger  to 
perform  it  than  we  to  desire  it  of  you,  for  ye  may 
be  sure  that  however  this  may  succeed,  we  will 
prefer  him  to  a  better  place  than  he  yet  hath." 

Probably  Sir  Henry  found  the  Mastership  of 


PANELLED  ROOM,  TEMP  :  JAMES  I,   MILDMAY  HOUSE,  ISLINGTON 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  117 

the  Jewel  Office  too  profitable  a  post  to  relinquish 
it  for  any  other,  for  he  certainly  got  no  prefer- 
ment from  King  James  I  ;  but  the  "  better  place 
referred  to  by  that  King  may  have  been  made  up 
to  him  in  other  ways,  for,  according  to  Court  and 
Times  of  James  I : — "  Monday  last  week  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay  married  Alderman  Haliday*s  daughter, 
and  has  received  in  free  gift  from  His  Majesty,  as 
they  say,  two  manors  worth  ^^i  2,000  to  make  his 
estate  somewhat  proportionate  to  his  wife's." 

Sir  Henry  settled  on  his  wife  the  manor  of 
Wanstead,  Essex,  then  valued  at  ;^iooo  a  year, 
which  he  bought  with  her  money  in  16 19  from 
George,  Duke  of  Buckingham,  and  where  he  after- 
wards entertained  James  I.  When  writing  from 
there  Sir  Henry  calls  the  place  "  Wonstead." 

According  to  Lysons  old  Wanstead  house  is 
introduced  in  the  background  of  a  picture  of  Queen 
Elizabeth  at  Welbeck.  A  very  small  print  of  this 
house  was  published  by  Stent  in  1649. 

Alderman  Wm.  Haliday  had  a  house,  pasture 
ground,  and  park  of  forty-four  acres  at  Newington 
Green.  The  westernmost  part  of  the  house  still 
stands,  and  in  it  are  three  rooms  handsomely  wains- 
coted in  oak.  In  one  is  a  carved  mantelpiece, 
having  in  the  centre  a  shield  bearing  3  esquires* 
helmets,  2  and  i,  the  arms  of  Haliday,  and  its 
ceiling  wrought  in  stucco  contains  the  arms  of 
England  and  I.R.  (James  I),  medallions  of  Hector, 
Alexander,  etc.    The  other  two  wainscoted  rooms 


ii8         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


have  also  carved  mantelpieces,  but,  alas,  the  whole 
of  the  woodwork  is  thickly  covered  with  paint. 

This  house  and  the  surrounding  property  came 
to  Sir  Henry*s  wife  after  the  Alderman's  death, 
and  was  a  country  residence.  Even  in  1754 
the  place  was  well  separated  from  town,  for  a  news- 
paper advertisement  of  that  date,  after  recommend- 
ing a  house  at  Newington  Green  for  refreshments, 
ends  with: — "A  sixpenny  coach  to  and  from 
London  every  day." 

This  property,  which  passed  from  Mildmay 
possession  in  1857,  acquired  the  family  name, 
being  still  known  as  Mildmay  Park.  The  house 
has  had  many  vicissitudes,  at  one  time  being  the 
Mildmay  boarding  school,  and  it  is  now  occupied 
by  the  Mildmay  Deaconesses  belonging  to  a  religious 
and  charitable  institution. 

A  general  pardon  to  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  is 
among  the  Dogmersfield  papers,  dated  i  Car:  i, 
Feb:  10. 

This  monarch  presented  to  him  four  full-length 
pictures,  now  at  Dogmersfield — King  James  I  ;  Sir 
Thomas  Vere,  Lord  Tilbury  ;  Villiers,  Duke  of 
Buckingham  ;  and  Gustavus  Adolphus.  In  a 
memorandum  dated  1774,  by  Carew  Hervey  Mild- 
may of  Hazlegrove,  he  states  that  those  pictures, 
then  at  Hazlegrove,  were  by  different  painters. 
King  James  being  by  Rubens,  Lord  Tilbury  and 
the  Duke  of  Buckingham  by  Van  Dyck,  the  artist 
of  the  picture  of  Gustavus  Adolphus  being  un- 
known.  He  adds  that  this  last  picture  was  brought 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  119 

to  King  Charles  I  by  the  Marquis  of  Hamilton, 
who  received  it  from  Gustavus  himself  as  a  present 
to  the  King.  Mr.  Carew  Mildmay  further  states 
that  it  is  supposed  to  be  the  only  portrait  existing 
of  Gustavus  Adolphus,  but  there  is  a  small  picture 
of  that  great  man  by  Van  Dyck  in  the  gallery  at 
Munich. 

An  examination  of  the  three  pictures  first  named 
shows  that  they  are  not  by  the  master  hands  of 
Rubens  and  Van  Dyck,  and  it  is  more  probable 
that  they  were  painted  by  Cornelius  Janssen,  to 
whom  they  are  generally  attributed. 

Another  picture  at  Dogmersfield  of  the  same 
heroic  size  is  a  fine  full-length  portrait  of  Prince 
Rupert  by  Sir  Peter  Lely,  and  this  was  probably 
acquired  at  the  same  time. 

When  Emmanuel  College  was  threatened  Sir 
Henry  came  forward  to  protect  its  privileges,  for 
there  is  a  letter  from  Charles  I  to  the  Vice- 
Chancellor  and  Heads  of  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge, dated  5  May,  1627,  to  the  following  effect : — 
The  King  by  his  Royal  prerogative  suspends  a 
statute  of  Emmanuel  College  for  the  removal  of 
fellows.  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  grandson  of  the 
founder,  being  desirous  to  maintain  the  suspended 
statute,  had  offered  to  annex  five  or  six  new  bene- 
fices to  the  College,  and  it  is  provided  that  if  he 
do  so  within  six  years  the  present  suspension  shall 
be  revoked. 

Various  opportunities  like  the  following  were 
given  to  Mildmay  for  acquiring  money  : — 


120         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


4  August,  1630,  Charles  I  to  Sir  Henry  Mild- 
may  and  Sir  T.  Fanshawe,  commission  for  com- 
pounding with  persons  appointed  to  receive  knight- 
hood.   They  to  be  collectors. 

Sir  Henry  wrote  from  Twyford  9  October,  1638, 
to  Sir  J.  Coke,  Principal  Secretary  of  State  : — 

"  I  had  not  absented  myself  so  long  from  Court 
had  not  the  hand  of  God  hindered  ;  and  it  hath 
pleased  God  to  restore  me  into  a  reasonable  way  of 
recovery.  My  wife  who  was  the  cause  under  God 
of  cherishing  me  in  my  sickness  is  fallen  desper- 
ately ill  herself  which  causes  me  to  make  some 
stay  from  my  attendance  upon  His  Majesty  to  give 
that  reciprocal  comfort  that  becomes  an  honest  hus- 
band to  so  good  a  wife  in  this  country  where  I  am 
loath  to  leave  her  as  a  stranger.  This  truth  I 
humbly  desire  you  to  present  to  His  Majesty 
which  is  the  best  present  a  faithful  servant  can  give 
to  his  Master." 

It  seems  curious  that  he  should  refer  to  Twy- 
ford, which  belonged  to  his  wife,  as  a  place  where 
she  was  a  stranger. 

Sir  Henry  was  Member  for  Maldon,  and  ever 
ready  to  come  forward  in  Parliament.  He  took 
part  in  the  great  debate  of  the  6  August,  1625,  on 
the  foreign  policy  of  the  Crown,  and  as  a  friend 
of  Buckingham,  whose  honesty  and  policy  were 
attacked,  proposed  a  vote  for  a  sum  of  money  for 
the  equipment  of  the  fleet  against  Spain. 

In  the  course  of  George  Villiers,  Duke  of 
Buckingham's,  answer  to  his  impeachment  on  the 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  121 


8th  June,  1626,  he  says  : — "  With  reference  especi- 
ally to  the  Earl  of  Middlesex  who  was  said  to  have 
paid  him  six  thousand  pounds  for  the  Mastership 
of  the  Wards,  he  could  prove  that  this  sum  had 
afterwards  been  given  by  the  Earl  to  his  late 
Majesty  who  bestowed  it  on  Sir  Henry  Mildmay 
without  the  Duke's  priority,  and  he  had  it  and 
enjoyed  it." 

In  Sir  Henry's  time  members  who  were  not 
in  their  places  by  8  a.m.,  the  hour  for  prayers, 
were  fined  is.,  and  on  the  8th  May,  1641,  the 
Speaker  did  not  arrive  till  9.30.  Sir  Henry  at 
once  stood  up  and  said  he  did  hope  the  Speaker 
hereafter  would  come  in  time,  whereupon  the 
Speaker  threw  twelve  pence  upon  the  table  and 
declined  to  take  them  up  again. 

In  the  same  year  of  1641  Sir  Henry  voted 
against  the  attainder  of  the  Earl  of  Strafford. 

In  the  Parliament  of  1642  he  subscribed  £600 
towards  the  loan  for  the  relief  of  Ireland,  that  is, 
for  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion  there,  to  which 
fund  Oliver  Cromwell  subscribed  £soo. 

In  1647-8  he  made  a  long  speech  in  favour  of 
Argyll,  and  moved  that  he  be  paid  his  10,000, 
and  the  rest  of  the  Scottish  debts  be  continued  at 
8  per  cent. 

When  accompanying  the  King  with  the  army  on 
the  borders  of  Scotland,  Sir  Henry's  letters  to 
Secretary  Windebank  are  laudatory  of  His 
Majesty.  Thus,  24  May,  1639,  he  writes  : — "  Our 
blessed  Master  is  in  perfect  health,  and  the  most 


122         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


active  and  vigilant  Prince  in  his  affairs  that  I  think 
lives";  and  lo  June  : — "The  King  carries  himself 
with  as  great  wisdom  and  courage  as  is  possible,  it 
is  a  thousand  pities  he  should  want  anything "  ; 
but  he  evidently  does  not  wish  to  be  bound  by 
what  he  writes,  for  the  letter  ends  : — "  I  beseech 
you  burn  this  letter." 

The  receipt  of  favours  and  strongly  expressed 
admiration  of  the  King  could  not  induce  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay  to  adhere  to  the  Royal  cause,  and  his 
letters  show  how  early  he  sided  with  the  Parliament 
against  his    Blessed  Master." 

On  the  1 8th  October,  1643,  wrote  to  Sir 
William  Mason  and  the  other  Deputy  Lieuts.  of 
Essex : — 

"  hast,  post  hast,  let  the  two  bearers  pass.  We 
have  received  two  letters  from  you  both  of  one 
date.  The  alarum  of  the  enemies  approach  towards 
our  associated  Counties  was  very  hot  with  us  before 
yours  came.  My  Lord  General  and  the  Council 
of  War  took  your  advertisements  very  kindly, 
especially  your  last,  which  mentions  the  assistance 
of  your  foot.  They  have  resolved  to  send  36 
troops  of  horse,  and  50  dragoniers  and  desire  you 
to  give  what  assistance  you  can  of  men  according 
to  your  offer,  but  speed  must  be  the  life  of  this 
action.  I  know  you  will  consider  it.  The  troops 
go  away  within  these  6  hours.  Be  careful  of  your 
Officers.  My  Lord  General  looks  for  his  ;;^300 
which  he  laid  out  of  his  purse,  and  takes  it  ill  he  is 
not  paid.    My  Lord  Fairfax  hath  seconded  my 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  123 

Lord  Manchester's  overthrow  with  another,  and  he 
hath  beaten  the  enemy  out  of  Hull. 

"P.S.  The  Parliament  expects  that  you  should 
levy  all  arrears  due  in  the  County  rigorously  and 
with  expedition,  and  the  estates  of  papists  not  be 
neglected.  I  hope  my  brother  Humphrey  will  not 
be  liable  to  have  his  estate  sequestered  for  his  son's 
delinquency." 

Sir  Humphrey's  son  was  serving  with  the  army 
of  the  King. 

In  the  Dogmersfield  library  there  was  a  manu- 
script official  copy  of  the  Minute  Book  of  the 
secret  meetings  of  the  Revolutionary  Junto  or 
Parliamentary  Committee,  sitting  chiefly  at  the 
"  White  Harte  "  in  Romford.  This  copy  was  made 
for  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  who  was  one  of  the  Secret 
Committee. 

Sir  Henry  appealed  to  anyone  in  authority  which- 
ever side  he  was  on,  for  in  May,  1644,  wrote 
to  Walter  Ashton,  Ambassador  for  the  King  in 
Spain,  praying  him  to  use  his  influence  to  free 
George  Daker  seized  by  the  Inquisition. 

Sir  Henry  being  a  man  of  great  wealth  was 
ordered  to  be  present  at  York  on  the  1 5th  of  January, 
1647,  to  be  delivered  to  the  Scottish  Army  as  one 
of  the  hostages  for  the  payment  of  ^200,000  for 
which  they  sold  the  King.  He  to  be  detained  as 
hostage  seven  days  at  the  utmost. 

So  far  did  Sir  Henry's  partisanship  carry  him 
that  he  was  one  of  the  judges  of  King  Charles  I,  and 
in  consequence  is  always  referred  to  in  the  family 
as  the  Regicide. 


124         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

He  sat  on  the  trial  on  the  6th,  loth,  15th,  20th, 
23rd  (twice),  25th,  and  26th  January,  1648-9,  eight 
times  out  of  the  twenty-two  sittings — once  in 
Westminster  Hall,  the  other  times  in  the  Painted 
Chamber,  and  Nalson  says  made  violent  speeches 
against  the  King. 

He  did  not  sign  the  death  warrant,  nor  was  he 
present  on  the  27th  when  sentence  of  death  was 
passed. 

He  was  appointed  with  two  others  to  make  all 
arrangements  for  providing  provisions  and  necessaries 
for  the  King  and  the  President  of  the  Court,  and 
the  Sword  of  State  being  in  his  custody,  he  was 
ordered  to  deliver  it  to  John  Humphrey,  Esq.,  to 
be  borne  before  the  Lord  President. 

Sir  Henry  may  have  been  one  of  those  who 
were  dissatisfied  with  the  resolution  arrived  at  not 
to  hear  the  King  in  the  Painted  Chamber  before 
sentence,  and  therefore  withdrawn  from  the  trial, 
as  did  Colonel  Harvey  and  some  others  of  the 
Commissioners. 

The  Commonwealth  Government  considered  him 
a  man  of  importance  ;  so,  although  fully  aware  that 
he  was  almost  certainly  guilty  of  peculation,  em- 
ployed him  and  allowed  him  for  a  certain  time 
to  retain  his  salary  as  Master  of  the  Jewel 
House. 

There  is  at  Dogmersfield  the  following  release 
to  Sir  Henry  : — "  We  whose  names  are  hereunder 
written  having  by  Act  of  Parliament  bearing  date 
the  26*^  day  of  June  last  past  been  constituted  and 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  125 

appointed  Trustees  for  the  enquiring  out,  inven- 
toring,  and  appraising  and  securing  the  Goods  and 
Personall  Estate  of  the  late  King,  doe  hereby  testify 
and  declare  that  we  are  fully  satisfied  that  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay  K*='  late  Master  of  the  Jewel 
Office,  hath  given  and  delivered  unto  us  a  true 
and  full  account  of  all  such  Goods  and  Personall 
Estate  of  the  late  King's  as  were  under  his  trust, 
and  that  he  hath  discovered  and  offered  to  our 
vision  all  such  writings  and  books  of  account  as 
any  way  concern  the  same.  And  now  are  fully 
confirmed  and  doe  in  our  conscience  believe  that 
he  hath  dealt  honestly  and  candidly  with  us. 
"And  this  now  attest  under  our  hands 

"this  first  day  of  January  1649 
"PH:  CARTERET.  J.  MEMBRIERE. 

"A.  Mildemay,  Jo.  V.  Belcamp,  Henry  Groote." 

1649  means  of  course  1650  according  to  the 
present  system  of  dating,  and  the  release  shows 
that  Sir  Henry  accounted  for  what  was  in  his 
charge  ;  the  next  document  indicates  that  he 
handed  over  to  the  Commissioners  all  that  he 
could. 

"15  June  1652.  Att  the  Committee  for  the 
sale  of  the  late  King's  goods.  These  are  to  certify 
all  those  whom  it  may  concern  that  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay  K^i  Master  of  the  Jewel  House,  hath 
caused  to  be  delivered  unto  us  (according  to  an 
Act  of  Parliament  for  the  sale  of  the  King,  Queene, 
and  Princes  Goodes)  two  Crowns  called  the  King 


126         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


and  Queene's  Crowns,  and  a  third  called  the 
Crowne  of  King  Edward  the  sixth. 

As  also  the  Gold  and  Silver  Plate  and  divers 
vessels  of  Christall  and  Aggats,  belonging  as  afore- 
said, valued  distinctly  according  to  such  particulars 
as  have  been  returned  by  us  in  a  Duplicate  or 
Duplicates  to  the  Council  of  State,  and  amounting 
in  whole  to  above  3,000. 

"  We  certifie  likewise  that  he  hath  fully  satisfied 
unto  the  Treasury  for  the  sale  of  the  said  Goodes 
the  some  of  801-4-2  for  the  Plate  charged 
upon  him  as  Master  of  the  aforesaide  Office,  by 
Booke,  Information,  or  otherwise,  and  that  we  find 
not  on  Examination  of  the  Bookes  belonging  to 
the  said  Office  that  he  is  chargeable  with  any  more. 

"  Moreover  the  said  Sir  Henry  hath  by  his 
Deputy  searched  and  caused  to  be  searched  the 
Bookes,  Indentures,  Charges  and  Receipts  for  the 
Plate  delivered  for  the  King's  Officers,  or  to  other 
persons,  with  what  was  owing  by  them  in  par- 
ticular, and  uppon  our  request  has  assisted  us  by 
his  Deputy  in  drawing  up  an  account  of  what  may 
properly  be  recovered,  amounting  to  a  consider- 
able sum. 

The  said  Sir  Henry  hath  also  voluntarily  taken 
his  oath  before  us  that  there  is  not  to  his  know- 
ledge any  other  Booke  or  Bookes  of  Charges  per- 
taining to  his  said  Office  but  what  he  hath  pro- 
duced before  us,  and  hath  further  declared  : — 

That  there  is  not  to  his  Knowledge  and  Re- 
membrance  any    more    Plate   chargeable  uppon 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  127 

himself  (as  Master  of  the  said  Office  or  any  other) 
by  any  Record  in  the  said  Office  to  the  value  of 
an  ounce,  but  what  he  hath  delivered  upp, 
accounted,  discharged,  or  payd  for  as  aforesaid. 

"  David  Powell — John  Hoche — Geo  Wither 

**  Ralph  Gratton — Henry  Creeth — John  Humfrey." 

Some  idea  of  what  was  taken  may  be  gathered 
from  a  book  of  the  Jewel  Office  now  at  Dogmers- 
field,  showing  what  was  delivered  to  the  trustees 
on  the  14th  and  15th  of  August,  1649,  and  valued 
by  them. 

The  various  items,  including  the  Crowns  of  the 
King,  Queen,  and  Edward  VI,  were  computed  to 
be  worth  more  than  £s5^5y  being  about  ;^55>ooo 
at  the  present  value  of  money. 

Thomas  Carte,  in  his  History  of  England^  says 
that  in  1644  "Sir  Henry  Mildmay  and  Henry 
Martin  had  been  employed  to  view  the  Regalia  in 
Westminster  Abbey,  to  break  open  the  locks  and 
chests  in  which  they  were  kept,  to  set  new  locks 
on  the  doors,  and  to  take  an  inventory  thereof. 
This  visit  was  followed  by  another  in  which  Mild- 
may,  conceiving  perhaps  the  prey  to  belong  properly 
to  him  as  Master  of  the  Jewel  Office,  first  picked 
out  the  richest  jewels,  and  then  compounded  at  an 
easy  rate  for  the  remainder  ;  it  can  not,  without 
more  than  Christian  charity,  be  supposed  that 
these  men  had  not  then  formed  the  design  of 
destroying  the  Monarchy  of  England." 

Mr.  J.  P.  Hore,  Paleologist,  i  St.  John's  Park 


128         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Mansions,  Pembroke  Gardens,  N.,  in  a  letter  of 
25th  January,  1910,  states  that  in  the  Dutch  records 
he  found  a  great  deal  of  information  concerning 
the  English  Crown  jewels  and  plate  pawned  in 
Holland  from  1626  to  1639,  and  that  in  the  last 
year  mentioned  a  portion  of  these  National  treasures 
was  redeemed  for  £^y,/{.o6  i6s.  lod.,  but  as 
the  Dutch  pawnbrokers  made  a  superclaim  for 
^16,641  9s.  8d.  the  treasures  were  withheld  until 
that  payment  was  made,  or  a  decision  on  the  claim 
given  in  the  Court  of  Holland.  This  decision 
was  against  the  claim  and  in  favour  of  King 
Charles  I,  but  Mr.  Hore  says  he  has  not  been 
able  to  find  proof  that  the  treasures  were  handed 
over  to  England. 

Sir  Henry  was  appointed  to  the  Council  of 
State  in  the  Commonwealth  on  the  13th  February, 
1648-9,  and  had  to  deal  with  affairs  of  the  Army 
and  Navy,  Foreign  Trade,  Woods  and  Forests, 
Public  Correspondence,  and  examination  of 
prisoners.  He  sat  on  the  trial  of  Colonel 
Andrewes,  who  was  tried  for  High  Treason  against 
the  Commonwealth,  condemned  and  beheaded,  and 
he  had  the  thanks  of  the  House  for  his  good 
service  in  Hampshire  at  the  trial  of  Captain 
Burlcy. 

He  was  nominated  with  his  brother  Anthony 
and  others  to  consider  "  how  the  horses  and  mares 
belonging  to  the  late  King  may  be  so  disposed  that 
the  breed  be  not  lost." 

He  advised  that  the  younger  children  of  the 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  129 

late  King  should  be  given  into  the  custody  of  his 
brother  Anthony,  but  according  to  a  letter  of  John 
Laurans  to  Secretary  Nicholas  of  26  January, 
1648-9,  he  had  offered  for  ^2000  and  Wimbledon 
to  keep  the  children  himself. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  original  papers  that 
mentions  Sir  Henry,  and  now  preserved  at  Dog- 
mersfield,  is  the  Order  for  Arms  and  Flag  from 
Oliver  Cromwell : — 

"  Gentlemen  there  has  been  report  made  to  the 
Council  by  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  of  your  desire  to 
be  informed  what  is  to  be  borne  on  the  flags  of 
those  ships  that  are  in  the  service  of  the  State, 
and  what  is  to  be  borne  on  the  stern  in  lieu  of 
those  Arms  formerly  there  engraven. 
^  "  The  Council  resolves  that  they  shall  bear  the 
Red  Cross  only  on  a  White  Flag,  quite  through 
the  Flag,  upon  the  stern  the  Red  Flag  in  one 
Escutcheon,  and  the  Harp  in  the  other  being  the 
Arms  of  England  and  Ireland  ;  both  Escutcheons 
according  to  the  pattern  sent  herewith.  The  flags 
to  be  provided  with  all  expedition  for  the  Summer 
Guards  &c. 

"O.  CROMWELL 
"  1648  Feb  :  23.  Derby  House.'* 

The  Committee  of  Hants  appealed  to  Sir  Henry 
on  the  19th  April,  1649,  complaining  of  ^^e  insuffer- 
able violence  and  oppressions  this  County  yet 
laboureth  under  from  the  ill-carriage  of  Colonel 
Martinis  regiment. 

K 


130         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

On  the  19th  July,  1649,  ^^e  House  of  Commons 
ordered  that  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  or  his  Assigns 
be  admitted  to  come  in  for  the  ;^2ooo  he  was 
compelled  to  lend  the  King  before  he  left  the 
Parliament,  for  which  he  has  three  Tallies  and' 
a  Privy  Seal. 

Sir  Henry  was  by  way  of  being  a  Puritan,  and 
consulted  with  Peters,  the  Calvinist,  as  to  the  pro- 
priety of  having  prayers  every  day  before  the 
sitting  down  of  the  Council. 

Lady  Mildmay  was  of  a  merciful  disposition, 
for  in  October,  1650,  she  presented  a  petition  to 
the  House  of  Commons  in  favour  of  Francis 
Kempe,  convicted  and  condemned  for  robbing  the 
house  of  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  and  then  in  New- 
gate.   The  man  was  reprieved. 

Some  histories  report  Sir  Henry  to  have  been 
ill-pleased  with  the  part  he  had  played,  repented 
of  having  turned  against  the  King,  and  to  have 
gradually  withdrawn  from  public  life.  On  account 
of  his  changes  of  opinion  he  was  known  among  his 
contemporaries  as  Sir  Whimsy  Mildmay. 

Lord  Clarendon  says,  in  his  His  lory  of  the 
Rebellion^  that  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  and  Sir  John 
Danvers  were  the  only  ones  of  the  Judges  known 
to  the  King,  and  writes  of  them  with  the  greatest 
scorn  and  contempt  ;  but  Anthony  Wood  states 
that  there  were  eight  of  the  Judges  whose  faces 
were  familiar  to  the  King,  and  in  Memoirs  of 
Charles  /,  Warwick^  1702,  one  finds: — "By  this 
traitorous  and  tumultuous  Body  (the  Commons) 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  131 

the  King  is  brought  to  his  Tryall,  and  removed 
from  Windsor  to  James*,  and  thence  soon 
brought  to  Westminster  Hall,  where  he  finds  a 
pretended  High  Court  of  Justice,  consisting  of  a 
President  one  Bradshaw,  of  Cromwell  and  most  of 
his  chiefe  officers,  and  some  of  the  King's  own 
faithless  servants,  as  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  Sir 
John  Danvers,  the  Lord  Mounson,  and  Cornelius 
Holland  (one  that  had  been  Clerk  of  his  Kitchen 
and  was  then  of  the  Green  Cloth),  the  rest  high- 
flown  Parliament  men." 

On  the  return  of  Charles  II  Sir  Henry  attempted 
to  escape  abroad,  but  was  seized  by  Lord  Winchil- 
sea  at  Rye,  19  May,  1660,  with  his  servant  John 
Packer  and  one  Jacob  Stephens,  of  Lambeth  Marsh, 
and  taken  to  Dover.  Francis  Newport,  writing  to 
his  uncle,  Sir  Richard  Leverson,  29  May,  1660, 
says: — "  1  went  to  see  Sir  Harry  Mildmay  in  Dover 
Castle,  who  denyes  to  have  any  share  in  the  judg- 
ment of  the  King,  and  desires  me  to  try  for  his 
pardon  ;  he  is  or  pretends  to  be  very  ill  of  the 
stone." 

Sir  Henry  was  brought  up  from  Dover  to 
London,  12  June,  1660,  tried,  and  condemned  to 
be  drawn  on  a  sledge  yearly,  on  the  27th  January, 
a  rope  round  his  neck,  to  Tyburn  and  thence  to 
the  Tower  to  be  confined  for  life,  and  was  degraded 
from  his  honours  and  titles. 

An  account  was  printed  at  the  time  called  "  The 
Traytors  Pilgrimage  from  the  Tower  to  Tyburn 
being  a  true  relation  of  the  drawing  of  W""  Lord 


132         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Mounson,  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  and  Squire  Wallop, 
with  the  manner  of  the  proceedings  at  Tyburn,  in 
order  to  the  degrading  and  divesting  of  them  of 
their  former  titles  and  honours,  and  their  declara- 
tory speeches  to  both  the  right  worshipfull  Sheriffs 
of  London  and  Middlesex." 

In  the  Calendar  of  the  House  of  Lords  there 
appears  : — 

"25  July  1 66 1.    Petition  of  Sir  Henry  Mildmay. 

"  That  your  pet^  being  most  deepely  sensible 
of  ye  just  displeasure  of  ye  honb^^  House  of  Com- 
mons declared  against  hym  and  others  in  the  Bill 
there  latelie  passed  for  paines,  penalties,  and  for- 
feitures, and  now  depending  before  your  Lopps, 
the  offence  therein  charged  against  hym  being  for 
sitting  and  acting  in  that  pretended  high  Court  of 
Justice  for  trying  and  judging  of  His  late  Ma^^  of 
blessed  memory.  The  onlie  end  which  y^  ptt^ 
proposed  to  hymselfe  for  his  appearing  in  that 
pretended  court,  was,  that  hee  might  by  his  being 
there  present  and  observing  of  their  proceedings, 
bee  the  better  able  to  improve  his  utmost  care  and 
industry  according  to  his  allegeance  and  special 
dutie  to  His  late  Ma^'^  to  preserve  his  said 
Ma^'"  life,  wch  y^  pet*^  endeavoured  with  all  his 
diligence,  and  then  also  did  (as  he  now  doeth)  in 
the  sinceritie  of  his  Heart,  declare  his  utter 
abhorrence  and  detestacion  of  that  most  wicked 
murther  of  His  late  Ma*'^- 

"  And  inasmuch  as  the  suddeness  of  y^  pet"  last 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  133 

appearing  before  the  honb^^  House  of  Commons 
was  such  that  hee  had  not  then  tyme  to  make  proof 
thereof  there  of  his  allegation. 

"  His  most  humble  prayer  therefore  to  Lopps 
now  is  that  before  the  said  Bill  is  passed  in 
Lopps  most  honble  House,  y''  pef  may  have 
liberty  to  produce  his  testimony  to  y^  Lopps  for 
clearing  soe  much  of  the  integrity  of  his  intentions, 
wch  however  it  may  weigh  with  y"^  good  Lopps 
hee  shall  humbly  submit  to  your  righteous  judg- 
ment. 

"Beseeching  y""  Lopps  in  ye  bowels  of  your 
compassion  to  hym  and  his  distressed  children  to 
commiserate  his  sad  condition. 

"And  (as  in  duty  bound)  hee  shall  &c 

"HENRY  MILDMAY." 

Annexed  : — "Certificate  of  Dr.  E.  Warner  that 
Sir  Henry  Mildmay  is  suffering  from  a  rupture, 
and  that  if  the  sentence  of  drawing  on  a  sledge 
from  the  Tower  to  Tyburn  were  put  in  execution, 
it  would  endanger  his  life." 

His  petition  was  not  successful,  nor  did  the 
doctor's  certificate  protect  him,  for  Pepys  enters 
27  January,  166 1-2  : — "we  met  with  three  sleddes 
standing  there  to  carry  my  Lord  Mounson,  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay,  and  another  to  the  gallows  and 
back  again  with  ropes  round  their  necks  which  is 
to  be  repeated  every  year,  this  being  the  day  of 
their  sentencing  the  King." 

In  the  report  in  Slale  TrialSy  1742,  of  the  trial 


134         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

of  twenty-nine  regicides,  a  Henry  Mildmay  is 
named  as  one  of  the  jury  at  the  trial  of  John 
Jones,  12  October,  1660,  and  it  is  passing  strange 
that  one  Henry  Mildmay  should  have  sat  on  the 
trial  of  the  King,  and  another  Henry  Mildmay  on 
the  trial  of  one  of  the  regicides,  more  especially 
strange  if  what  Noble  says  is  true,  that  the  Henry 
Mildm.ay  who  sat  on  the  regicide  trial  was  the  son 
of  Sir  Henry  one  of  the  King  s  judges. 

Anthony  Mildmay's  name  is  given  as  one  of 
the  witnesses  ready  to  appear  at  the  trial  of  the 
regicides,  but  he  does  not  seem  to  have  been 
called. 

In  1662,  the  Commission  under  the  Great  Seal 
for  the  administering  an  Act  for  the  well-governing 
of  Corporations,  met  at  the  White  Hart  Inn  at 
Winchester,  and,  after  electing  certain  men  for 
their  loyalty,  utterly  expelled  and  removed  out 
of  the  Corporation  Robert  Wallop,  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay  and  others  for  their  disloyalty. 

On  the  31st  March,  J44,  there  was  a  warrant  to 
Sir  John  Robinson  to  dciWer  up  Henry  Mildmay 
and  others  attainted  of  treason  ;  another  warrant 
for  their  conveyance  to  Tangiers  on  board  the  ship 
Providence^  with  a  further  warrant  to  the  Earl 
of  Tiveot,  Governor  of  Tangiers,  to  receive  the 
said  prisoners  and  keep  them  in  close  custody. 

Henry  Mildmay  was  allowed  out  on  bail  and 
permitted  to  have  a  servant  on  account  of  his 
feeble  health,  and  probably  he  was  never  put  on 
board    the  Providence^  for    he   is   said   to  have 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  135 

gone  to  Antwerp,  and  that  place  could  hardly  have 
been  visited  on  the  way  to  Tangiers.  It  is  asserted 
that  he  died  at  Antwerp  between  April,  1644,  and 
May,  1655,  and,  according  to  the  Dictionary  of 
Nationa)  Biography^  a  friend  there  had  a  picture 
painted  of  him  to  show  that  at  least  one  of  the 
regicides  had  a  peaceful  end ;  but  family  tradition 
has  it  that  his  servant  had  the  picture  painted  by 
Sir  Henry's  orders  to  take  to  his  people  in 
England. 

This  curious  picture,  now  at  Dogmersfield, 
shows  him  lying  dead  on  a  bed,  a  black  cloth 
spread  over  him  up  to  his  head,  with  places  cut 
out  to  show  his  hands  and  feet. 

We  have  heard  it  stated  that  the  picture  originally 
represented  a  dead  body  lying  on  the  bed,  and  that 
Jane  Lady  Mildmay  had  the  black  cloth  painted 
over  it,  but  we  have  not  been  able  to  get  this 
statement  confirmed. 

The  D.N.B.  and  all  other  accounts  except  one 
agree  as  to  his  place  of  death,  but  Pepys,  who  ought 
to  have  known,  enters  14  May,  1665: — "I  took 
coach  and  to  Wanstead  where  Sir  Henry  Mildmay 
died." 

It  is  probable  that  Pepys  inadvertently  wrote 
"  died  "  for  "  lived,"  for  it  is  not  the  least  likely  that 
Sir  Henry  would  have  been  allowed  to  revisit 
Wanstead  that  had  been  forfeited  to  the  Crown  and 
given  away. 

Nearly  all  Sir  Henry*s  vast  estates  were  confiscated 
but  some  were  saved.    Alderman  Haliday,  by  his 


136         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

will  of  1623,  directed  that  the  sum  of  ^14,000 
should  be  laid  out  on  the  purchase  of  landed 
property  within  100  miles  of  London,  and  devised 
the  same  to  his  daughter  Anne,  wife  of  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay,  notwithstanding  her  coverture.  The 
Trustees  under  the  will  bought  with  the  money 
from  the  ancient  family  of  Seymour  the  manors  of 
Marwill  and  Twyford,  which  included  Shawford, 
near  Winchester. 

Dame  Anne,  by  deeds  of  December,  1654,  and  22 
April,  1656,  disposed  of  all  her  manors,  lands,  etc.,  in 
Islington  and  Twyford,  leaving  them  all  to  her 
husband  for  life  with  remainder  to  her  sons,  and 
thus  they  escaped  forfeiture.  Her  will  of  August, 
1656,  with  codicil  of  February,  1657,  disposes  of 
her  other  real  and  personal  estate.  It  was  proved, 
April,  1657,  by  her  sister  and  executrix  Dame 
Margaret  Hungerford,  and  is  remarkable  for  the 
number  of  legacies  to  clergymen. 

In  this  will  she  desires  to  be  buried  in 
St.  Laurence  Jewry  Church,  London,  in  the  grave 
of  her  father  and  mother.  This  was  done,  but  in  a 
codicil  she  says  : — "  Whereas  I  have  at  my  friend 
M*"  Duckett's  four  pillars  of  marble  with  sockets 
for  them  to  stand  in,  black  marble  streaked  with 
gold,  called  a  bedstead,  the  same  shall  be  made 
into  a  tomb,  and  if  my  husband  desires  to  be  buried 
beside  me  in  S.  Laurence  Old  Jewry,  our  portrai- 
ture shall  be  placed  on  top,  and  our  six  children 
below." 

These  latter  instructions  were  not  carried  out. 


SIR  HENRY  MILDMAY  137 

In  the  north  vestibule  of  St.  Laurence  Jewry  Church 
is  a  monument  with  three  busts,  representing 
Wm.  Haliday,  his  wife  Susanna,  and  his  daughter 
Anne. 

It  is  of  white  marble,  with  some  fine  sculpture 
that  has  been  attributed  to  Grinling  Gibbons. 

Wanstead  Manor  was  granted  to  James,  Duke 
of  York,  and  in  1673        ^^^^  Josiah  Child. 

Pepys  says  of  the  Mildmay  house  there  : — "A 
fine  seat  but  an  old-fashioned  house,  and  being  not 
full  of  people  looks  flatly.'*  This  house  was  pulled 
down  in  171 5  and  a  very  grand  one  built  near  the 
site,  and  this  again  was  dismantled  in  1824. 


VARIOUS  OTHER  MILDMAYS  FLIT 
ACROSS  THE  SCENE 


SIR  WALTER  MILDMAY  of  Pishiobury, 
Herts,  is  said  to  have  purchased  that 
manor  from  Queen  Elizabeth.  He  was 
the  second  son  of  Thomas  Mildmay  of 
Moulsham,  who,  in  his  will  of  1565,  left  the 
reversion  of  the  manor  of  Pishoo,  Co.  Hertford, 
between  his  sons  Walter,  Henry,  and  Edward. 
Pishoo  seems  to  be  what  was  afterwards  called 
Pishiobury,  and  it  is  probable  that  Thomas,  the 
Auditor,  bought  the  manor  from  Queen  Elizabeth, 
and  not  his  grandson  Walter.  At  any  rate,  Walter 
lived  at  Pishiobury  in  a  house  built  for  him  by 
Inigo  Jones,  as  Horace  Walpole  records  in  his 
Anecdotes  of  Paintings  and  remarkable  for  its  "  strong 
and  lofty  rooms."    (See  Salmon's  Hertfordshire,) 

In  November,  1604,  the  manor  of  Bradwell  was 
granted  to  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  and  his  heirs. 

Walter  was  Sheriff  of  Herts  1590,  when  he  was 
knighted. 

Walter  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Wm. 
Waldegrave,  and  widow  of  Edward  Wyat,  left 
issue  one  son,  Thomas,  who  married  Anne,  daughter 
and  heir  of  Dr.  Laikes  of  Sanarden,  Kent,  and 
had  two  daughters,  Mary  and  Jone,  and  three  sons, 

138 


VARIOUS  OTHER  MILDMAYS  139 

Walter,  a  barrister,  Thomas,  and  Henry,  who 
married  Joane,  widow  of  Thomas  Browne. 

Thomas  sold  the  Pishiobury  estate  in  16 13  to 
Lionel  Cranfield,  possibly  to  provide  portions  for  his 
children,  of  whom  no  further  mention  can  be  found. 

Pishiobury  was  in  the  parish  of  Sawbridgeworth, 
vulgarly  Sabsworth,  and  in  the  Church  of  St. 
Michael  in  that  parish,  in  a  semicircular  recess  in 
the  north  wall,  are  the  effigies  of  a  gentleman  and 
his  wife,  kneeling  in  the  attitude  of  prayer  upon 
cushions,  opposite  to  a  desk  on  which  a  book  is 
lying  open  ;  behind  the  husband  is  a  son  kneeling 
in  the  same  position.  Upon  a  tablet  below  the 
following  inscription  : — "  Hereunder  lyeth  the 
bodies  of  Sir  Walter  Mildmaye  of  Sawbridgeworth, 
K"^  and  Dame  Mary  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  W"^ 
Waldegrave  of  Smallbridge  in  the  Countie  of 
Suffolk,  Knight,  being  the  father  and  mother  of 
Sir  Thomas  Mildmaye,  Knight,  their  heare  apparent, 
which  Sir  Walter  died  24  February  1606,  and 
Dame  Margaret  died  2^  of  January  1605." 

It  is  to  be  presumed  that  Thomas  put  up  this 
monument  to  his  father  and  mother,  for  the  inscrip- 
tion calls  him  Sir  Thomas,  which  he  was  not  till  he 
was  knighted  in  1609,  three  years  after  his  father's 
death,  but  it  is  odd  that  this  same  inscription  refers 
to  Thomas  as  heir-apparent  when  he  must  already 
have  succeeded  to  the  paternal  estate. 

The  monument  had  suffered  considerably  in  the 
course  of  time,  but  was  fully  restored  in  1885  by 
the  Rev.  Carew  St.  John-Mildmay. 


140         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

In  Essex  visitations  Harl.  Soc,  vol.  xiii.,  page  122, 
is  stated  that  Sir  Wm.  Waldegrave  of  Smallbroke, 
married  Elizabeth  Mildmay  who  died  in  158 1.  This 
is  no  doubt  the  Sir  Wm.  Waldegrave  mentioned 
on  the  memorial  tablet  to  Sir  Walter  Mildmay, 
and  the  latter  adds  one  more  to  the  long  list  of 
Mildmays  who  married  their  cousins.  The  mistake 
of  Sm?i\\broke  for  SmMdridge  is  curious. 

Another  Walter  Mildmay,  a  younger  son  of 
Thomas  Mildmay  of  Barnes,  was  seated  at  Pont- 
lands.  Great  Waltham,  Essex,  in  the  time  of 
James  I,  and,  says  the  Rev.  Hen.  Hunter  in 
London  and  its  Environs : — "  It  is  a  very  pleasant 
village,  and  inhabited  by  persons  of  the  greatest 
respectability.'*  A  satisfactory  testimonial  for  this 
Walter  Mildmay. 

One  James  Mildmay  was  in  a  somewhat  humble 
walk  of  life,  being  crier  of  Gravesend,  but  he  was 
loyal  and  suffered  for  his  loyalty,  for  in  July,  1649, 
the  Mayor  of  Gravesend  laid  information  against 
him  that  at  the  close  of  his  annual  proclama- 
tion, he  owned,  contrary  to  the  decree  against 
kingly  government,  the  pretended  title  of  Charles 
Stuart,  son  of  the  late  King,  and  have  ordered 
proceedings  to  be  taken  against  him,  and  some 
other  person  to  be  chosen  by  you  for  his  place. 

On  the  28th  July  a  warrant  was  issued  to  the 
Keeper  of  Newgate  to  receive  George  Clarke  and 
James  Mildmay,  committed  for  treason. 


VARIOUS  OTHER  MILDMAYS  141 

On  the  25th  August  James  was  taken  from 
Newgate  to  appear  before  the  Justices  of  Kent. 
There  is  no  further  record  of  him,  nor  is  it  clear 
to  which  branch  of  the  family  he  belonged,  as  no 
one  of  the  name  of  James  can  be  traced  in  the 
pedigree. 

William  Mildmay  of  Barnes  is  mentioned  as 
remarkable  for  his  loyalty  to  Charles  I.  There  is 
a  portrait  of  him  at  Dogmersfield. 


John,  grandson  of  John  Mildmay  of  Creating- 
ham,  served  the  Parliament.  He  was  in  the  Navy, 
commanded  the  Nonsuch  frigate  of  150  men  and 
34  guns  in  1650,  and  on  the  17th  August  assisted 
in  the  capture  of  the  Charity  of  Havre  de  Grace 
with  the  French  Rear-Admiral  on  board,  when  the 
Nonsuch  was  severely  mauled.  In  Whitelocke's 
Memorials  for  1652  we  find: — "Three  of  them 
(the  Dutch  ships)  were  wholly  disabled  at  the  first 
Brunt,  having  lost  all  their  masts,  and  another  that 
was  towing  oflF  the  Rear  Admiral  was  taken  by 
Captain  Mildmay  in  command  of  the  Nonpareil'' 
There  were  forty  English  ships  in  this  action  com- 
manded by  Sir  George  Ayscue  against  Admiral 
de  Royal  with  twenty  Dutch  ships.  Again  : — 
"Letters  that  Captain  Mildmay  took  the  Roebuck 
one  of  the  revolted  ships  with  20  men  in  her." 
This  ship  he  afterwards  commanded.  He  also  sent 
French  prizes  into  Poole.  He  was  killed  when  in 
command  of  the  Vanguard  in  an  action  fought  with 


142         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


the  Dutch  on  the  i8th,  19th,  and  20th  February, 
1653,  between  sixty  sail  of  British  against  eighty 
Dutch.  On  this  occasion  the  Triumph^  Victory^  and 
Vanguard  were  engaged  with  twenty  of  the  enemy. 
On  the  15th  April,  1653,  Parliament  granted 
;^iooo  to  his  widow,  Ann,  half  for  herself  and 
half  for  her  children,  and  in  July  of  that  year 
she  petitioned  Parliament  for  payment  of  the  £soo 
granted  to  her  children. 

There  was  also  at  this  time  a  Henry  Mildmay  in 
command  of  the  ship  Providence^  possibly  the  very 
ship  of  that  name  that  was  told  off  to  take  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay  to  Tangiers. 


Richard  Mildmay  was  admitted  as  a  trooper 
to  Viscount  Conway's  troop  in  Ireland,  27  July, 
1644,  soon  discharged,  and  employed  by  his  Lord- 
ship in  Ireland,  principally  in  looking  after  horses. 
He  is  hardly  likely  to  have  been  the  Richard  Mild- 
may who,  according  to  Harleian  MS.  4778,  folio  14, 
belonged  to  the  Company  of  Freemasons  and  was 
Warden  in  1651. 

Captain  Charles  Mildmay  of  Woodham  Mor- 
timer, Essex,  who  was,  we  believe,  a  son  of  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay  of  Woodham  Walters  and  Mouls- 
ham,  was  returned  in  1660  as  having  an  estate  of 
^1000  a  year,  and  fit  and  qualified  to  be  made  a 
Knight  of  the  Royal  Oak,  an  order  that  King 
Charles  II  intended  to  establish  for  the  reward  of 
those  faithful  to  him. 


CAREW  HERVEY  MILDMAY  OF 
MARKS 


CAREW  HERVEY,  alias  Mildmay  of 
Marks  Hall,  Essex,  was  the  second  son 
of  William  Mildmay  of  Barnes,  who 
was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Mild- 
may of  Barnes,  and  Agnes  Winthrop,  his  wife. 
William,  who  died  in  the  lifetime  of  his  father, 
married  ii  June,  1590,  Margaret  Hervey,  coheir 
to  her  brother  Sir  Gawen  Hervey,  Kt.,  and  the 
following  inscription  on  Sir  George  Hervey*s 
monument  in  Romford  Church  gives  much  inform- 
ation : — 

"  Here  lieth  Sir  George  Hervey,  fourth  son 
of  Sir  Nicholas  Hervey,  K^*  and  Dame  Bridget 
his  wife,  daughter  and  sole  heir  of  Sir  John 
Wiltshire,  K^-  This  Sir  George  had  to  wife 
Dame  Frances,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Leonard 
Beckwith,  K^'  and  of  Dame  Elizabeth  his  wife 
daughter  and  coheir  of  Sir  Roger  Cholmely,  ; 
he  had  by  Dame  Frances  his  wife  5  sonncs,  whereof 
4  buried  yong,  and  the  fyft  Sir  Gawin  Hervey,  K^' 
married  to  Mary  daughter  of  Sir  Tho  Edmonds,  K^' 
by  whom  he  hath  issue  ;  and  6  daughters  whereof 
4  died  yong,  the  fyfte  named  Margaret  married 
to  William  Mildemaye,  Esquier,  sonne  and  heir 

143 


144         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

apparent  of  Sir  Thomas  Mildemaye  of  Barnes, 
by  whom  she  had  3  sonnes,  Thomas,  Carew,  and 
Henry." 

Sir  Gawen  Hervey*s  wife,  Mary,  died  in  1622, 
and  on  the  death  of  Sir  Gawen  himself  on  the 
22nd  February,  1626-7,  apparently  without  living 
issue,  the  estate  of  Marks,  near  Romford,  passed 
to  his  adopted  heir,  Carew,  the  second  son  of  his 
sister  Margaret,  who  died  in  1605,  and  he  was 
enjoined  to  take  the  name  of  Hervey  before  or  in 
lieu  of  that  of  Mildmay. 

The  original  deed  of  Sir  Gawen  Hervey 
conveying  the  property  to  Carew  Mildmay,  dated 
1622,  is  at  Dogmersfield. 

Carew  Mildmay  was  born  3  February,  1595-6, 
and  on  the  5th  May,  1625,  was  sworn  Groom  of  the 
King's  Jewels  and  Plate,  his  cousin  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay  being  Master  of  the  Jewel  House,  and 
he  is  called  Carew  Hervey,  alias  Mildmay  of 
Marks. 

To  judge  by  the  papers  relating  to  the  Jewel 
House,  still  preserved  by  the  family,  it  would 
appear  that  Carew  was  a  more  faithful  servant  of 
the  Crown  than  Sir  Henry,  for  there  are  among 
the  papers  numerous  orders  to  him  from  the 
Trustees  of  the  Commonwealth  and  from  Sir  Henry, 
to  deliver  up  the  keys  of  the  Jewel  House,  and  the 
plate,  etc.,  contained  therein,  which  are  endorsed  by 
him  :— "  Not  obeyed." 

On  the  25th  January,  1649,  O.S.,  there  is  an 
"  Order  from  the  Committee  of  the  Trustees  for 


CAREW  HERVEY  MILDMAY  145 

the  sale  of  the  late  King's  plate  to  Colonel  Carew 
Mildmay  to  deliver  to  Thomas  Green  and 
Mr.  Meacham  all  the  clocks  at  Whitehall  belong- 
ing to  the  late  King. 

"Geo:  Wither. — A.  Mildemay. — John  Fooke. — 
M.  Lempriere." 

This  is  not  endorsed. 

The  following  report  of  the  Trustees  seems  to 
make  Carew  Mildmay  somewhat  of  a  Mr.  Facing- 
both-ways: — 

"February  1649.  Certificate  presented  by  the 
Trustees  Somerset  House  to  Parliament  that  Carew 
Mildmay  hath  served  the  late  King  and  Parliament 
for  25  years  last  past  in  the  Office  of  the  Jewel 
House,  the  which  place  was  worth  unto  him  for 
wages,  Liverye,  and  New  Yeares  Gifte  the  sum  of 

;^I29-I2-0. 

"  We  likewise  certify  that  he  hath  not  received 
any  money  since  Michaelmas  1640,  nor  any  part  of 
his  wages  since  Michcelmas  1642,  so  that  there  is 
due  unto  him  at  Michaelmas  1649,  £'^^47~4-~^' 

"  We  likewise  certify  that  we  have  found  in  his 
custody  in  the  lower  Jewel  House  in  gilt  and  white 
plate  to  the  value  of  16,496  which  is  employed  in 
the  use  of  the  State.  All  which  plate  we  humbly 
conceive  was  by  his  care  and  faithfulness  preserved, 
he  staying  and  faithfully  serving  the  Parliament 
when  the  rest  of  his  fellows  deserted  and  went  to 
the  King. 

"  All  which  has  made  his  trust  charge,  and  attend- 


146         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

ance  far  greater  since  the  beginning  of  the  warre 
than  formerly. 

"  As  for  his  good  affection  to  and  suffering  for  ye 
Parliament,  we  humbly  certify  that  hee  from  ye 
beginning  freely  served  ye  Parliament  in  all 
eminent  places  of  trust  in  ye  country,  both  civil 
and  military,  at  his  owne  charge,  readily  observing 
all  their  orders  and  commands. 

"Lastly  we  humbly  certify  that  he  hath  not 
only  preserved  the  aforesaid  Treasury  of  Plate,  but 
hath  by  his  industry  and  Paines  discovered  great 
quantities  of  Plate  in  the  hands  of  others  to  a 
considerable  value,  which  may  be  recovered  for  the 
use  of  the  State. 

"Jo:  Ffoche. — RalfGrafton. — Hen:  Creech. — 
DavidPowell. — Jo:  Humphrey. — Jo:  Belchamp. — 

H.  MiLDEMAY.  J.  LeMPRIERE." 

Whether  Carew  Mildmay  clung  to  the  Jewel 
House  to  serve  King  or  Parliament,  or  merely  to 
recover  the  pay  due  to  him,  cannot  now  be 
determined,  but  at  any  rate  he  did  stay  there  till 
forcibly  turned  out. 

Eventually  he  got  his  pay,  or  the  equivalent  of  it, 
for  an  order  of  the  Council  of  State  of  3  October, 
1653,  allows  Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  10230Z.  of 
plate  in  lieu  of  debt  of  £10/^"]  4s.,  but  he  is 
ordered  to  bring  to  the  Council  the  late  King's 
Great  Bible  then  in  his  custody. 

Even  before  this  he  cannot  have  been  very 
impecunious,  for  in  1647       Parliamentary  Com- 


CAREW  HERVEY  MILDMAY  147 

missioners  sold  the  mansion  house  and  manors  of 
Create  Greenford  and  Harwell,  Essex,  to  Carew 
Mildmay  and  two  others  for  /^23^'^  ^os.  iid. 

From  the  accounts,  inventories,  memoranda,  etc., 
dealing  with  the  Jewel  House,  left  by  Carew 
Mildmay,  we  learn  with  infinite  sorrow  and  regret 
what  splended  pieces  of  goldsmith's  work,  jewels, 
art  treasures  in  crystal,  agate,  etc.,  were  broken  up, 
sold,  or  dispersed  in  those  troublous  times, 
treasures  which  at  that  period  were  greater  than 
any  other  country  possessed,  and  which  now  would 
be  of  fabulous  value. 

The  above-quoted  report  of  the  Trustees  shows 
that  Carew  Mildmay  served  the  Parliament  in  a 
military  capacity.  He  commanded  a  Parliamentary 
regiment,  and  the  Royalists,  who  naturally  regarded 
him  as  an  enemy,  nearly  succeeded  in  capturing 
him  in  June,  1648,  when  a  body  of  the  King's  horse 
and  foot  on  their  way  to  Chelmsford  attacked 
Marks,  and  Carew  Mildmay  only  just  saved  himself 
by  escaping  from  one  of  the  windows  of  the  tower 
and  so  over  the  moat.  Very  shortly  after  this  he 
took  part  in  the  famous  siege  of  Colchester. 

At  the  Restoration  he  of  course  found  himself 
in  a  difficult  position,  and  he  promptly  sent  a  peti- 
tion. May,  1660,  to  Charles  II,  in  which  he  humbly 
prays  for  restoration  to  the  place  of  Yeoman  of  the 
Jewel  House,  having  served  the  last  two  kings 
therein  thirty-six  years.  Declares  he  was  the  only 
officer  left  when  the  King  went  to  York  ;  that  he 
delivered    plates    and    chains    to  Ambassadors 


148         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

according  to  warrant ;  and  in  1 649  refused 
entrance  to  the  Trustees  for  the  sale  of  the  late 
King's  goods,  who  broke  open  the  Office  and  took 
plate  value  £yooOy  besides  what  was  in  the  upper 
Jewel  House,  where  the  Crowns  and  jewels  were 
kept  This  petition  was  referred  to  the  House 
of  Lords  3  August,  1660. 

The  boldness  of  the  statement  that  he  had  served 
in  the  Jewel  House  thirty-six  years  is  remarkable, 
for  this  would  include  the  whole  period  of  the 
Commonwealth,  and  he  possibly  made  it  with  a  view 
to  claim  for  back  pay. 

In  another  petition  he  says  he  only  took  command 
of  a  Parliamentary  regiment  for  the  purpose  ot 
preserving  order,  and  that  he  successfully  resisted, 
at  the  risk  of  his  life,  the  signing  in  Essex  of  the 
petition  for  the  execution  of  the  King. 

He  also  made  a  declaration  before  Sir  Harbottle 
Grimston,  the  Speaker,  that  he  lays  hold  of  His 
Majesty's  grace  and  Favour,  and  will  continue  His 
Majesty's  loyal  and  faithful  subject. 

He  must  have  been  adroit  in  the  management  of 
the  business,  and  the  petitions  and  declaration  have 
prove  successful,  for  there  is  extant  a  certificate 
that  Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  was  Sworn  and 
admitted  a  Yeoman  of  the  Jewel  House  20  July, 
1660. 

A  certificate  from  Heneage  Finch,  Solicitor- 
General,  states  that  Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  is 
justified  in  discharge  of  wages  during  the  Common- 
wealth. 


CAREW  HERVEY  MILDMAY  149 

Colonel  Wm.  Hawley  and  Colonel  Hercules  Low 
authorised  to  seize  concealed  goods  belonging  to 
the  King,  tried  to  take  the  plate  given  to  Carew 
Mildmay  by  the  Commons  in  1653  in  payment  of 
money  due  to  him.  He  appealed  and  petitioned, 
and  the  case  was  settled  in  his  favour  by  an  order 
of  the  7th  June,  1667,  from  the  Attorney-General 
to  stay  further  proceedings  in  trover  for  plate 
against  Carew  Hervey  Mildmay. 

He  was  a  magistrate,  and  there  is  a  report  of 
an  examination  before  him  of  Robert  Hubert,  a 
Frenchman,  for  throwing  fireballs  during  the  fire 
of  London. 

Nearly  all  the  family  papers  of  this  period  or 
earlier  would  be  worth  recording,  for  there  are 
many  besides  those  referring  to  the  Jewel  House. 
We  will  quote  a  few  with  which  we  have  become 
acquainted  : — 

(1)  A  petition  from    Sir   Walter   Raleigh  after 

condemnation. 

(2)  A  list  of  Her  Majesty's  ships.  1586 

Men  of  War  of  different  sizes  .  28 
Others  being  Merchant  Ships  of  100 

tons  and  upwards       .        .       .  135 
Others  40  to  100  tons    .       .        .  656 

(3)  A  list   of  forts   or  castles  on   the  coast  of 

England.     6  only.    Gravesend,  Queenboro, 
Sheerness,  Canterbury^  Margate,  Sandwich. 
{4)  A  list  of  all  the  Officers  of  the  Court  of 
Revenue,  Officers  and  Ministers  of  Justice 


THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Keepers  of  Houses,  Parks,  Forests,  etc.,  and 
their  fees. 

A  book  of  New  Year's  Gifts  to  Queen  Eliza- 
beth in  the  24^^  year  of  her  reign,  Headed — 

New  Yeres  Guiftes  geuien  to  the  Quein's 
Maiestie  at  her  palaice  at  Westminster  by 
theise  persones  whose  names  hereafter  enseu. 
i^*  January  the  yeare  abovesaid. 

One  entry  runs  : — 

A  Juell  beinge  a  shippe  of  golde  w^  sparkes  of 
Diamonds  and  Rubies  all  the  sailes  spred 
w^  a  worde  enameled  on  them. 

A  Flower  of  golde  w*  a  faire  white  rose  and  iiii 
small,  in  the  greate  rose  a  small  blew  sapher 
and  iiii  small  Rubies,  and  in  the  top  a  colored 
Dasye  w^  a  small  lozenged  Diamonde  in  it,  a 
butterflye  onder  the  same  w^  small  sparkes  of 
Rubies. 

A  Flower  of  goalde  w*  sparkes  of  Rubies  and 
Diamondes  and  a  hinde  sitting  upon  it  w'  ii 
small  perles  pendant. 

Item  a  shakell  of  golde  w^  thease  wordes 
^  Seviet  eternum  dulcis  quem  Torquet  Eliza* 
and  a  locke  of  golde  hanging  at  it  w^  a  littel 
chaine  of  golde.    p  o  s  z.  vi  oz. 

30  June  1600  Grant  by  Anthony  Watson, 
Bishop  of  Chichester,  to  Edward  Hext,  Esq*"^ 
of  felon's  goods,  viz:  those  of  Nicholas 
Baker  of  Somerton  Somerset,  Yeoman  who 
killed  himself,  for  the  benefit  of  his  widow 
and  children. 


CAREW  HERVEY  MILDMAY  151 

Carew  Mildmay  married  Dorothy  Gerard  at  St. 
Giles  in  the  Fields,  25  September,  1626,  lived  to 
be  near  eighty-two,  died  in  1676,  and  was  buried 
at  Romford.    His  wife  died  May,  1667. 

Carew  was  succeeded  at  Marks  by  his  son 
Francis,  who  was  appointed  Groom  of  the  Jewel 
Office  19  October,  1660,  and  discharged  from  that 
office  in  1662. 

"  Certificate  of  the  appt  of  Mr.  Francis  Hervey, 
alias  Mildmay,  to  be  Groom  of  the  Jewel  Office. 

"  These  are  to  certify  all  whom  it  may  concern, 
That  by  virtue  of  a  warrant  directed  to  me  by  the 
Right  Honorable  Edward,  Earl  of  Manchester, 
Lord  Chamberlain  of  his  Majestie's  most  honor- 
able Household,  I  have  sworn  and  admitted  Francis 
Hervey,  alias  Mildmay,  Gent:  to  be  Groom  of  the 
Jewel  House  in  ordinary  to  his  Majestic,  To  receive 
and  enjoy  all  the  Fees,  Dues,  Rights,  and  Allow- 
ances belonging  to  that  Place  in  as  full  and  ample 
manner  as  any  have  enjoyed  it  formerly. 

"In  witness  whereoff  I  have  subscribed  these 
presents  at  Whitehall  this  19'''  day  of  October 
1660. 

"JO:  AYTON." 

His  release  now  at  Dogmersfield  runs  thus  : — 

"To  all  Christian  people  to  whom  this  wrighting 
shall  come,  know  yee  that  I  Sir  Gilbert  Talbott,  K*» 
Master  and  Treasurer  of  His  Ma^'^'  Jewells  and 
Plate,  have  examined  the  account  of  the  said  Jewell 


IS2         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

House,  upon  the  surrender  of  Fran:  Hervey, 
als  Mildmay,  one  of  the  officers  of  the  said  office, 
to  M""  Thos  Tindall,  and  not  finding  any  charge 
therein  upon  the  said  M'"  Fras  Hervey  als  Mild- 
may,  I  doe  hereby  acquitt,  exonerate,  and  discharge 
the  said  Fras  Hervey  als  Mildmay  his  heires, 
from  all  accounts,  reckonings  and  charge  touching 
any  Jewells,  Plate,  or  Mony  belonging  to  my 
charge  in  the  said  office.  In  witness  I  have  here- 
unto set  my  hand  and  seale  this  fifth  day  of 
December  in  the  yeare  of  Our  Lord  God,  1662. 

"G.  TALBOT  [Seal.]" 

Francis  was  born  in  1630,  and  married,  on  the 
14th  September,  1656,  Mathew  Honywood  only 
child  of  Mathew  Honywood.  She  was  a  post- 
humous child,  and  it  is  said  that  her  father  being 
convinced  that  the  expected  infant  would  be  a  boy, 
left  his  property  to  Mathew  Honywood  and  the 
girl  who  was  born  received  in  consequence  the 
name  of  Mathew. 

She  had  a  vast  number  of  relations,  for  she  was 
great  granddaughter  of  Mrs.  Mary  Honywood 
of  Marks,  who  died  in  her  93rd  year  in  1620,  and 
who  had  16  children,  114  grandchildren,  228  great 
grandchildren,  and  fourth  generation  9.  Total,  307. 

The  Honywood  family  lived  at  the  Marks  Hall, 
two  miles  from  Great  Coggeshall,  where  was  a 
portrait  of  Mrs.  Mary  Honywood. 

Mrs.  Francis  Mildmay  inherited  largely  from 
her  uncle,  Peter  Honeywood,  much  of  her  property 


CAREW  HERVEY  MILDMAY  153 

to  pass  from  her  to  her  son,  his  great-nephew,  also 
called  Mathew. 

This  son  died  at  York  Fort,  Bencoolen,  west 
coast  of  Sumatra,  in  1699,  and  the  last  clause  of 
his  will  desires  that  his  slave  boy,  Alexander,  may 
be  sent  home  to  his  mother.  A  lady  in  Essex 
must  have  found  him  an  inconvenient  person  to 
take  care  of. 

Others  of  the  family  were  in  the  East.  Richard, 
a  nephew  of  Mathew,  writes  home  from  Bombay, 
24  November,  17 18,  to  his  brother  Humphrey, 
and  sends  him  a  "  Goa  stone."  This  was  a  ball 
compounded  of  drugs  and  valued  as  a  remedy  for, 
or  preventive  of,  fevers. 

William  Mildmay  was  Chief  of  Surat  in  1803. 
There  is  an  Indian  ink  drawing  of  him  in  the 
Dogmersfield  scrap-book,  taken  from  a  picture  that 
was  at  Moulsham,  but  which  has  disappeared. 

Francis  Hervey  Mildmay  died  in  1703,  aged 
seventy-three.  There  is  a  picture  of  him  at  Dog- 
mersfield. His  wife,  Mathew,  died  March,  171 7, 
aet.  seventy-eight.  The  next  in  succession  at  Marks 
was  Francis's  eldest  son,  Carew,  who  was  educated  at 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  and  had  trouble 
there  with  the  authorities  about  his  rooms,  which 
were  probably  in  the  Mildmay  wing. 

A  letter  from  his  father  of  1677  ^^Y^  ' — 

"  Carew 

"  I  received  your  letter,  and  I  am  troubled  to 
hear  you  have  beene  ill  of  the  Tooth  Ake,  the 


154         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

weather  is  cold  and  wett  and  you  have  got  some 
cold  by  leaving  off  some  cloaths  or  by  wett  on 
your  Feete  wearing  too  thin  shoes,  wch  is  the 
worst  thing  you  can  doe.    I  hope  by  this  time 
your  right  is  granted  to  you  ;  and  that  M""  Duckett 
seese  his  error,  let  not  these  troubles  disquiet, 
observe  what  directions  I  gave  you,  if  you  should 
not,  (wch  I  thinke  is  out  of  question)  have  your 
right  granted  to  you,  part  not  with  your  chamber 
till  you  have  tyme  given  you  to  send  me  word  of 
it.    Keep  your  tankard  part  not  with  that,  nor  let 
the  Colledge  Armes  be  putt  on  it  till  my  order, 
for  if  they  turne  you  out  of  the  Chamber  they 
shall  out  of  the  Colledge  and  the  Tankard  they 
shall  not  have,  nor  any  favour  I  can  hinder  them 
off,  discourse  you  little  of  the  busyness  but  leave 
all  to  M''  Lee  to  whom  present  my  service,  take 
care  of  yourselfe,  wch  with  my  blessing  is  all  at 
present  from 

"Your  truly  loving  Father 

"HERVEY  ALs  MILDMAY. 

"  God  be  thanked  we  are  all  well. 
"  Endorsed  :  These 

"  For  M'-  Carew  Mildmay 
"Att  his  Chamber   in   Emmanuel  Colledge,  in 

Cambridge." 

Carew  married,  17  April,  1688,  Anne,  daughter 
of  Richard  Barrett  Lennard  of  Belhus,  Essex. 
According  to  the  Hist,  of  the  Barrett  and  Lennard 
Families^   Carew   married  Anne  when  she  was 


CAREW  HERVEY  MILDMAY  155 

turned  out  of  the  house  by  her  father,  but  the 
History  does  not  give  the  reason  for  such  treatment. 

Richard  Barrett,  writing  to  a  friend  in  17 14, 
says  : — "  I  can  not  but  tell  you  I  saw  old  Mildmay  at 

James'  in  a  red  coat  which  provoked  laughter." 

Carew  was  only  fifty-six  in  1714,  and  need 
hardly  have  been  described  as  old. 

Carew  was  Verderer  of  Epping  Forest,  owner  of 
Marks  for  forty  years,  inherited  the  Hazlegrove 
property  by  will  of  his  cousin  Humphrey,  died 
2  May,  1743,  aged  eighty-five,  and  was  the  last  of 
the  Mildmays  to  be  buried  at  Romford. 

He  outlived  his  wife  a  long  time,  for  she  died 
in  1718. 

Behind  some  wainscoting  at  Marks  were  found 
some  old  letters,  amongst  them  the  following  one 
addressed  to  Mrs.  Carew  Mildmay  (Anne  Barrett). 
Though  somewhat  long  it  is  given  as  an  example 
of  the  epistolary  style  of  the  time. 

"April  12  (no  other  date,  probably  1713). 

"  I  am  very  sorry  to  hear  it  is  still  a  month 
before  I  must  hope  for  the  pleasure  of  my  Dearest 
Cousin's  company  at  Chevening  [Chevening  be- 
longed to  the  Barrett  Lennards  and  was  sold  by 
Lady  Dacre]  for  1  impatiently  long  for  that  happi- 
ness and  of  late  have  much  wanted  your  advice. 
Lord  Sussex  and  the  good  comeing  hither  on 
Monday  last  who  did  not  feel  [illegible]  his  son's 
interest  and  giveing  me  all  the  assurance  he  could 
of  the  young  gentleman's  love  ;  his  proposal  to  me 


156         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

is  very  handsome,  that  iff  I  have  ^3000,  he  will 
add  so  much  more  to  it,  and  the  interest  of  both 
be  my  jointure,  that  I  shall  have  power  at  my  death 
of  disposing  of  ;^iooo  of  that  money,  and  what- 
ever else  my  Lady  may  leave  me  hereafter.  This 
I  have  all  the  reason  that  can  be  to  be  satisfied  with, 
for  iff  I  have  noe  children,  I  will  be  glad  to  have  it 
in  my  power  to  oblige  his.  As  for  proposals  for 
care  of  children  'twas  at  large,  that  he  would  what 
he  was  able,  but  my  Lady  not  being  content  with 
that  urged  something  certain,  that  if  he  received 
the  [illegible]  of  my  portion  and  ye  addition,  that 
he  would  settle  at  his  death  ^3000.  This  he  said 
he  could  not  tell  whether  he  could  doe  or  not,  but 
would  discourse  it  with  his  son.  At  his  going 
away  he  was  earnest  with  me  to  yield  in  the  point 
but  I  referred  all  matters  of  that  sort  to  my  Lady 
and  my  friends,  and  believe  Sir  Charles  so  just  and 
good  that  I  might  safely  rely  upon  his  word,  were 
it  Prudence  soe  to  do,  but  where  there  is  soe  many 
children  (though  they  are  provided  for)  they  may 
think  a  settlement  upon  any  of  mine  more  [illegible] 
hereafter  than  now,  therefore  I  can't  but  desire 
something.  At  Sir  Charles'  going  away  he  asked 
leave  for  his  son  to  come  and  speak  for  himself  to 
which  my  Lady  has  consented,  soe  that  if  he  and  1 
can  agree,  'tis  possible  I  may  leave  Chevening, 
which  I  can  never  doe  without  a  great  deal  of 
regret.  My  Lady's  kindness  and  bounty  to  me 
have  ever  been  very  great,  and  particularly  now  in 
giving  the  ^1000,  a  favour  1  never  expected,  and 


CAREW  HERVEY  MILDMAY  157 

indeed  have  been  very  much  obliged  to  my  good 
Lord  Sussex  who  employed  all  his  interest  with  my 
Lady  very  successfully  in  the  business.  Sir  Charles 
professes  great  kindness  for  me,  and  told  me  his 
son  need  not  love  me  better  than  he  did,  therefore 
iff  I  doe  go  into  his  family  may  1  be  soe  happy  to 
keep  it  by  my  endeavours  to  pay  him  that  duty, 
respect,  and  kindness  he  will  deserve,  but  my  dear 
Cousin  I  have  that  diffidence  of  myself  to  feare  I 
shall  never  bring  that  happiness  they  promise  them- 
selves. I  dont  heare  the  young  gentleman  is  yet 
come  into  England,  but  his  father  expected  him  every 
day.  About  a  fortnight  since  I  acquainted  my 
brother  Edward  that  the  match  was  [illegible]  for 
answer  he  told  me  amongst  an  abundance  of  other 
things  how  much  a  greater  prospect  of  happiness 
there  was  when  the  man  I  married  began  his  altered 
state  at  the  same  time,  and  had  not  anybody  to 
share  his  affection  with  me,  and  mine  by  him,  but 
concluded  all  with  hearty  prayers  and  good  wishes 
6e:c.  He  is  now  gone  into  Gloucestershire  and 
about  Whitsuntide  talks  of  being  here  with  my 
sister.  As  soon  as  I  can  I  shall  acquaint  him  with 
the  Proposall,  desiring  the  approval  of  my  Friends 
in  whatever  I  doe.  The  civil  visit  you  received 
from  my  cousin  Barrett  amazes  us  all,  and  I  wish  if 
it  be  in  order  to  matrimony  it  may  likewise  be  to 
beginning  a  strong  reformation  of  his  life.  The 
widow  is  very  pretty,  and  I  believe  good  too, 
therefore  without  he  be  better,  I  can  not  wish  he 
had  her. 


iS8         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

My  Lady  is  very  well,  gives  her  service  to 
you,  with  abundance  of  blessings  to  you  and  your 
little  one,  not  forgetting  [illegible].  My  Brother 
and  Sister  are  your  humble  Servants,  and  all  joyn 
in  wishing  you  a  good  going  abroad.  Poor  Made- 
moiselle grieves  she  can't  tell  how  to  accept  your 
offer  towards  the  conveyance  of  her  person  to 
Marks  now,  but  believes  she  may  hereafter,  and  at 
present  hopes  before  itt  be  long  to  see  you  as  does 
"  Your  most  constant 

"  Affectionate  humble  servant 

«E.  CHUTE. 
"  My  humblest   service   to  my   dear  Cousin 
Lennard,  and  my  Cousin  Mildmay. 
"  To  the  Honored 

"Mrs  ANNE  MILDMAY 
"  Att  Marks 

"  Near  Romford,  Essex." 

Truly  Mistress  E.  Chute  was  not  a  lady  who 
intended  to  marry  in  haste  and  repent  at  leisure. 


CAREW  H.   MILDMAY   OF  MARKS 
AND  HAZLEGROVE 


CAREW  HERVEY  MILDMAY  and 
Anne  Barrett  had  two  daughters — Anne, 
married  to  Thomas  Saville  ;  she  died  in 
1765  and  was  buried  at  St.  Laurence 
Jewry,  London,  and  Editha,  who  never  married. 
Also  three  sons — Carew  Hervcy,  Humphrey,  and 
Richard,  who  died  in  17 19  at  Bombay.  The  eldest, 
Carew  Hervey,  was  born  in  1690,  and  succeeded  to 
the  Marks  and  Queen  Camel,  or  as  it  came  to  be 
called  the  Hazlegrove,  estates.  He  divided  his  time 
between  them,  and  spent  some  months  of  the  year 
at  each  place.  Being  very  strong  and  energetic  all 
through  his  long  life,  he  used  to  go  to  and  from 
Marks  to  London  or  Queen  Camel  in  the  family 
coach  and  six. 

For  some  time  he  was  Member  of  Parliament  for 
Harwich,  and  when  a  young  man  was  private 
secretary  to  Henry  St  John,  Viscount  Bolingbroke. 
On  one  occasion  when  Mildmay  waited  on  him  to 
know  when  he  would  be  wanted,  Lord  Bolingbroke 
named  a  day,  then  called  him  back  and  said  : — "  By 
the  bye  I  shall  be  drunk  on  that  day,  you  had  better 
come  the  next." 

Carew  was  fond  of  society,  and  being  gifted  as  a 
159 


i6o         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


dancer  was  once  selected  to  dance  a  minuet  before 
Queen  Anne. 

Horace  Walpole,  in  a  letter  to  George  Montagu 
dated  5  April,  1765,  says  : — "  Mr.  Chute  has  quitted 
his  bed  today  the  first  time  for  above  five  weeks,  but 
is  still  swathed  like  a  mummy.  He  was  near 
relapsing,  for  old  Mildmay,  whose  lungs,  and 
memory,  and  tongue  will  never  wear  out,  talked  to 
him  the  other  night  from  eight  till  half  an  hour 
after  ten  on  the  poor  bill,  but  he  has  been  more 
comfortable  with  Lord  Dacre  and  me  this  evening." 

The  old  gentleman,  always  hospitable,  was  very 
fond  of  entertaining,  and  in  Memories  of  Old  Rumford 
it  is  recorded  that  "John  Tyler  who  died  aged 
90  in  1858  used  to  say  that  when  he  was 
residing  at  Pigtails  he  often  saw  as  many  as  six 
coaches  coming  from  Marks  on  a  Sunday  morning 
bringing  to  Rumford  Church  old  Carew  Mildmay 
and  his  numerous  guests."  The  same  work  quotes 
from  a  letter  dated  12  September,  1775,  from 
General  Oglethorpe  to  Dr.  Geo.  Scott,  in  which  the 
old  General  says  : — "  We  are  to  dine  by  invitation 
at  Mr.  Mildmay's  on  Thursday  and  see  old  England, 
for  Marks  is  what  England  was  three  hundred 
years  ago,  and  well  worthy  the  contemplation  of  an 
antiquarian." 

The  description  of  Marks  as  given  in  Memories 
is  well  worth  transcribing.  "  The  fine  quadrangular 
mansion,  of  which  a  view  is  given  in  Lysons  and 
another  by  Prout,  was  most  likely  the  work  of 
Urswick.    Its  style  was  intended  more  for  defence 


CAREW  H.  MILDMAY  i6i 


than  ornament.  Its  deep  moat  with  the  drawbridge, 
its  two  brick  battlemented  towers,  its  small  windows, 
its  secret  ways  and  hiding  places  in  the  floor,  were 
characteristic  of  a  structure  such  as  would  be 
erected  in  the  times  in  which  the  lot  of  Sir  Thomas 
Urswick  was  cast. 

"The  old  mansion  which  [the  Mildmays]  occupied 
for  1 60  years,  and  which  stood  through  the  Wars 
of  the  Roses,  was  soon  to  go.  It  was  regarded 
with  superstitious  awe  by  the  peasantry  in  the 
neighbourhood,  who  talked  about  the  mysterious 
underground  passages  haunted  with  ghostly 
apparitions.  These  were  all  put  to  rout  in  1808, 
when  the  old  house  was  taken  down  and  the 
materials  dispersed.  The  very  ground  on  which 
the  mansion  stood  is  now  a  stackyard.  There  are 
only  traces  of  the  moat,  the  walled  gardens,  and  the 
bowling  green.  Some  of  the  more  important  out- 
buildings remain,  and  the  old  kennel  which  once 
housed  Sir  Gawen  Hervey's  beagles,  bequeathed  to 
Bishop  Harslett,  exists  as  a  ruined  cottage.  The 
very  name  of  Marks  has  passed  away  and  is 
forgotten,  and  the  once  Lordly  domain  is  now  only 
known  as  the  Warren  farm." 

^'  Charles  Dickens  once  told  a  friend  that  he  took 
Marks  Hall,  then  in  ruins,  for  the  scene  of  the  fire 
in  Mr.  Haredale's  house  in  Barnaby  Rudge,  which 
novel  he  wrote  while  staying  in  the  neighbourhood." 
— (See  HisL  of  Barrett  and  Lennard  Families^  page 

491O 

Marks  estate  was  sold  to  the  Crown  in  1854. 

M 


i62         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  was  apparently  equally 
fond  of  Marks  and  Hazlegrove.  At  the  latter 
place  he  built  the  present  house,  a  small  portion  of 
the  old  one  being  retained.  He  was  aided  in  the 
building  by  the  advice  of  his  brother  Humphrey,  a 
man  evidently  of  artistic  powers  as  his  letters  from 
Italy  show,  and  the  house  was  designed  from  one 
in  the  Strada  Nuova,  Genoa.  There  is  one  room 
in  the  house  with  some  grand  carving,  believed  to 
be  the  work  of  Grinling  Gibbons.  This  was  brought 
from  an  old  manor-house  called  Ham,  standing  on 
a  small  neighbouring  property,  sold  by  Captain 
Hervey  St.  John-Mildmay.  Another  room  at 
Hazlegrove,  with  an  ornamental  ceiling,  is  called 
Queen  Bess's  parlour. 

Under  the  original  deed  of  purchase  of  Queen 
Camel  the  landholders  were  exempt  from  certain 
duties,  and  Carew  Mildmay  claimed  under  it 
exemption  from  service  on  county  Juries  of  Servers. 
His  claim  was  allowed. 

On  the  8  th  January,  1 742-3 ,  a  ship,  name  unknown, 
of  fifty  tons  burthen,  with  no  living  soul  on  board, 
drove  on  shore  at  Ringstead,  near  Weymouth, 
Dorset,  and  there  were  recovered  from  her  eighty- 
six  hogsheads  of  French  wine,  a  parcel  of  rosin,  and 
some  corks.  All  this,  besides  tackle  and  furniture, 
Carew  Mildmay  claimed  as  flotsam  and  jetsam,  he 
being  lord  of  the  Manor  of  Upton,  in  which 
Ringstead  is  situate,  by  right  of  his  wife,  Dorothy 
Eastmont,  sole  heiress  to  her  father,  John  Eastmont, 
who  conveyed  the  manor  to  her,  and  his  claim  was 


CAREW  H.  MILDMAY  163 

allowed  by  an  order  from  the  Custom  House, 
London,  21  May,  1743,  signed  by  William  Wood, 
Secretary  to  the  Custom  House. 

Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  died  18  January,  1784, 
and  was  buried  in  Sherborne  Minster ;  his  fine 
monument  there  formerly  stood  in  the  chancel, 
but  is  now  in  the  vestry. 

By  his  first  wife,  Dorothy  Eastmont  of  Sherborne, 
he  had  four  sons  and  one  daughter ;  only  the 
daughter,  Anne,  survived  him.  By  his  second 
wife,  Edith,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward  Phelips  of 
Montacute,  whom  he  married  17  May,  1744,  he 
did  not  have  any  children. 

Carew's  will,  dated  14  July,  1788,  left  everything 
to  his  daughter  Anne  and  her  heirs;  failing  them  to 
Sir  William  Mildmay  of  Moulsham  and  his  heirs; 
failing  them  to  the  three  daughters  of  Carew 
Mildmay  of  Shawford — Jane,  Anne,  and  Letitia  in 
succession  in  seniority  and  their  heirs;  and  failing 
them  to  Henry  Mildmay  Eaton,  son  of  Henry 
Eaton  of  Rainham,  Essex,  who  had  married 
Elizabeth,  the  only  surviving  child  of  George 
Mildmay  and  Rebecca  Bonham  of  Dagenham, 
Essex,  which  George  was  the  second  son  of  Francis 
Mildmay  and  Mathew  Honywood. 

Jane,  eldest  daughter  of  Carew  Mildmay,  was  the 
eventual  heiress. 

Her  property  was  increased  by  the  will  of  Anne 
Churchill  of  Dorchester,  who  left  "  to  my  neice 
Mrs.  Dorothy  Mildmay  all  my  lands  and  heredita- 
ments in  the  Isle  of  Wight.** 


i64         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Dorothy  was  Carew  Mildmay's  first  wife,  and  the 
property  is  still  owned  by  the  family. 

A  sort  of  diary  at  Montacute  refers  unkindly  to 
Mr.  Carew  Mildmay  : — 

"The  12  August  this  year  1772  was  remarkable 
for  the  death  of  my  Aunt  Mildmay  at  Hazlegrove, 
who  was  so  kind  as  to  leave  me  in  money  and 
estate  to  the  value  of  ;^20,ooo,  beside  the  rever- 
sion of  the  house  and  goods  in  London  of  Mr. 
Mildmay,  who  very  scandalously  neglected  it, 
sufficient  to  run  into  great  disrepair  and  ruin  to 
my  great  loss  afterwards  when  I  became  possessed 
of  it  at  his  death  in  January  1784. 

"On  the  1 8th  January  1784  died  my  uncle-in- 
law  Mr.  Mildmay  disappointing  many  but  not  me, 
although  I  am  of  opinion  that  he  not  only  acted  by 
me  and  mine  meanly  but  unjustly. 

"  25th  April  my  wife  went  to  London  sold  my 
Aunt  Mildmay*s  house,  and  sent  down  to  Monta- 
cute most  of  the  best  of  the  furniture." 

Pennant,  in  his  London^  3rd  ed.,  1793,  page  126, 
says: — "The  late  Carew  Mildmay  who  after  a 
very  long  life  died  a  few  years  ago,  used  to  say 
that  he  remembered  killing  a  woodcock  on  the  site 
of  Conduit  Street,  at  that  time  an  open  country. 
He  and  General  Oglethorpe  were  great  intimates 
and  nearly  of  the  same  age,  and  often  brought 
proofs  to  each  other  of  the  length  of  their 
recollections." 

GentlemarCs  Magazine  obituary  of  16  January, 
1784  :— 


CAKIiW   HIiRVKV   MIl.DMAV,   OF   MAKKS  AM"  IIAZILGKOXK 


CAREW  H.  MILDMAY  165 

"  At  Hazlegrove,  C.  H.  Mildway  [sic]  Esqre,  in 
his  94th  year.  This  extraordinary  person  was  one 
of  the  representatives  of  Harwich  in  the  beginning 
of  the  present  century,  and  was  supposed  to  be  the 
only  remaining  Member  of  Queen  Anne's  Parlia- 
ment. He  spent  the  earlier  part  of  his  life  at  the 
Court  of  Hanover,  and  was  a  particular  favorite  of 
the  Princess  Sophia.  On  his  return  to  England 
such  was  the  reputation  of  his  extensive  abilities 
that  his  acquaintance  was  sought  by  all  the  great 
men  of  the  age.  He  was  the  much  esteemed  friend 
of  Lord  Bolingbroke,  and  was  intimately  connected 
with  Lord  Bathurst,  Sir  W.  Wyndham,  Pope, 
Addison,  &c.  He  had  a  principal  hand  in  com- 
posing the  Guardian,  Craftsman,  and  other  periodical 
papers  of  that  time.  Of  so  singular  a  turn  of 
mind  was  he  that  although  he  was  often  pressed  to 
accept  the  greatest  civil  offices  he  constantly  refused. 
He  retained  all  his  faculties  to  the  last  and  could 
even  read  the  smallest  print  without  the  aid  of 
glasses.'* 

Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  is  said  to  have  been  the 
last  of  the  Mildmays  in  the  male  line. 

Certainly  he  was  the  last  so  far  as  is  at  present 
known,  but  it  would  not  be  surprising  if  another 
Mildmay  was  discovered,  considering  how  many 
members  of  the  family  there  were  at  different 
periods,  recorded  as  having  married  and  had 
children,  the  subsequent  history  of  those  children 
remaining  unknown. 


THE  FITZWALTERS 


WE  must  now  go  back  somewhat  in 
date  and  record  the  short-lived  Mild- 
may  Peerage,  which  came  into  the 
family  through  the  female  line,  at 
least  as  far  as  the  Barony  is  concerned. 

Sir  Thomas  Mildmay  of  Moulsham  married,  as 
previously  stated,  Lady  Frances  RadclilF,  daughter 
of  Henry,  Earl  of  Sussex,  and  in  consequence  of 
that  marriage  his  great  grandson  Benjamin  was 
summoned  to  the  House  of  Peers  14  February, 
1669-70,  as  Benjamin  Mildmay  de  Fitzwalter, 
Chevalier,  Baron  Fitzwalter,  the  RadclifF  family 
being  extinct  in  the  male  line,  and  the  Barony 
descending  in  the  female.  His  place  of  precedence 
was  as  the  last  Baron  of  Edward  I. 

Benjamin's  grandfather.  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  had 
previously  claimed  the  Barony,  as  related  by  Sir 
John  Bramston  in  his  Autobiography,  page  121  : — 
"The  title  of  Lord  Fitzwalter  came  to  the  Mild- 
mays  by  a  marriage  very  collaterall  at  the  time  of 
intermarriage  and  for  which  the  grandfather  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay  had  a  great  contest  in  the  House 
of  Lords  in  the  Parliament  that  began  3  November 
1640,  but  being  poore  and  a  prisoner  in  the  Fleete 
for  debt  could  not  prevail.  Sir  Thomas  Cheeke 

166 


THE  FITZWALTERS  167 

who  claimed  from  another  daughter  of  another 
Earl  of  Sussex  making  strong  opposition  against 
him/' 

The  petition  for  the  Barony  is  wrongly  accredited 
in  the  D.  N.  B.  to  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  of  the  Jewel 
House,  who  was  not  in  the  line  of  descent  from 
the  house  of  RadclifF. 

Sir  Henry,  the  claimant,  was  cousin  of  the  half 
blood  to  Robert,  Earl  of  Sussex,  and  Cheek,  who 
opposed  him,  was  cousin  of  the  whole  blood  to 
Edward,  the  last  Earl  from  whom  he  inherited,  and 
he  claimed  that  the  Fitzwalter  Barony  was  a  Barony 
tenure  and  ought  to  go  with  the  land,  but  the 
Council  decided  that  Barony  by  tenure  had  been 
discontinued  for  many  ages  and  could  not  be 
revived. 

It  is  strange  that  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  should 
have  been  so  poor,  for  he  owned  house  and  pro- 
perty in  Woodham  Walter,  and  had  become  heir 
to  his  brother,  Sir  Thomas  Mildmay  of  Moulsham. 
Perhaps  the  expense  of  the  visit  of  Queen  Marie 
de'  Medici  to  Moulsham  in  1639  disordered  his 
finances,  or  perhaps  he  was  addicted  to  gambling  or 
riotous  living.  He  may  have  been  in  the  Fleet  as 
early  as  1640,  but  he  was  certainly  arrested  for 
debt  and  confined  there  in  1646. 

His  title  seems  to  have  gained  partial  recogni- 
tion, for  letters  of  administration  of  the  estate  of 
Sir  Henry  Appleton,  son  of  Sir  Roger  Appleton, 
who  married  Ann,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Mild- 
may of  Moulsham,  were  granted  to  "  Sir  Henry 


i68         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Mildmay,  Knight,  Baron  Fitzwalter,"  the  principal 
creditor. 

His  grandson  Benjamin,  Baron  Fitzwalter,  mar- 
ried 6  December,  1866,  at  St.  Botolph*s,  Bishops- 
gate,  Catherine,  daughter  of  John,  Lord  Fairfax. 
She  died  20  March,  1725,  aet.  seventy-nine. 

Benjamin  inherited  the  Overton  estate,  North- 
amptonshire, from  his  father  Robert,  which  he  sold, 
and  died  i  June,  1679,  leaving  two  sons — Charles, 
who  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Charles  Bertie, 
and  died  in  1728  without  issue;  and  Benjamin, 
who  married  Frederica,  widow  of  the  Earl  of 
Holdernesse,  and  daughter  of  Meinhardt,  Duke 
of  Schomberg,  son  of  the  great  Duke. 

There  are  two  references  to  this  marriage  in 
the  letters  of  Lady  Mary  Wortley  Montagu: — 

"London,  7  Dec:  1723. — But  I  own  at  present 
I  am  so  much  out  of  humour  with  the  actions  of 
Lady  Holdernesse,  that  I  never  was  so  heartily 
ashamed  of  my  petticoats  before.  You  know  I 
suppose  that  by  this  discreet  match  she  renounces 
the  care  of  her  children,  and  I  am  laughed  at  by  all 
my  acquaintances  for  my  faith  in  her  honour  and 
understanding.  My  only  refuge  is  the  sincere 
hope  that  she  is  out  of  her  senses,  and  taking  her- 
self for  the  Queen  of  Sheba  and  Mr.  Mildmay  for 
King  Solomon." 

"Feb:  1724.  Could  one  believe  that  Lady 
Holdernesse  is  a  beauty  and  in  love  ?  She  is 
tenderly  attached  to  the  polite  Mr.  Mildmay  and 
sunk  in  all  the  joys  of  happy  love,  notwithstanding 


BENJAMIN   MILDMAY,   EARL  FITZWALTER 


THE  FITZWALTERS  169 

she  wants  the  use  of  her  two  hands  by  a  rheumatism, 
and  he  has  an  arm  he  cannot  move.  I  wish  I  could 
send  you  the  particulars  of  the  amour  which  seems 
to  me  as  curious  as  that  between  two  oysters  and  as 
well  worth  the  serious  enquiry  of  the  naturalists." 

On  the  death  of  Charles,  his  brother  Benjamin 
succeeded  to  the  Barony,  and  was  created  Earl 
Fitzwalter  and  Viscount  Harwich  14  May,  1730. 
He  was  Lord-Lieutenant  of  Essex  between  1730 
and  1750,  and  served  several  offices  of  State,  being 
a  Privy  Councillor,  First  Lord  of  Trade,  1735, 
Treasurer  of  the  Household,  1737,  and  was  Am- 
bassador in  Paris.  In  the  last-named  capacity  he 
became  possessed  of  a  service  of  plate  still  in  use 
on  State  occasions  at  Dogmersfield. 

Dean  Swift  did  not  have  a  high  opinion  of  the 
future  Earl.  In  his  letters,  ed.  1801,  there  is  one 
to  Lord  Carteret,  10  May,  1728,  in  which  he 
writes: — 

"The  great  Duke  of  Schomberg  is  buried  under 
the  Altar  of  my  Cathedral.  My  Lady  Holder- 
nesse  is  my  old  acquaintance,  and  I  writ  to  her 
about  a  small  sum  to  make  a  monument  for  her 
grandfather.  I  writ  to  her  myself  and  there  was  a 
letter  from  the  Dean  and  Chapter  to  desire  she 
would  order  a  monument  to  be  raised  to  him  in  my 
Cathedral.  It  seems  Mildmay,  now  Lord  Fitz- 
walter, her  husband,  is  a  covetous  fellow,  or  what- 
ever the  reason  we  have  had  no  answer.  I  desire 
you  will  tell  Lord  Fitzwalter  that  if  he  will  not 
send  fifty  pounds  to  make  a  monument  for  the  old 


I70         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Duke,  I  and  the  Chapter  will  erect  a  small  one  of 
ourselves  for  ten  pounds,  whereon  it  shall  be 
expressed  that  the  posterity  of  the  Duke,  naming 
particularly  Lady  Holdernesse  and  Mr.  Mildmay, 
not  having  the  generosity  to  erect  a  monument  we 
have  it  done  it  ourselves.  And  if  for  an  excuse 
they  pretend  they  will  send  for  the  body,  let  them 
know  it  is  mine,  and  rather  than  send  it  I  will  take 
up  the  bones  and  make  of  it  a  skeleton,  and  put  it 
in  my  registry  office  to  be  a  memorial  of  their 
baseness  to  all  posterity.  This  I  expect  Your 
Excellency  will  tell  Mr.  Mildmay,  or  as  you  now 
call  him,  Lord  Fitzwalter,  and  I  expect  likewise 
that  you  will  let  Sir  Conyers  d'Arcy  know  how  ill 
I  take  his  neglect  in  this  matter,  although  to  do 
him  justice  he  averred  that  Mildmay  was  so  avari- 
cious a  wretch  that  he  would  let  his  own  father  be 
buried  without  a  coffin  to  save  charges." 

The  Dean  did  not  succeed  in  getting  Lady  Fitz- 
walter to  put  up  a  monument  to  her  grandfather,  as 
may  be  learnt  from  the  memorial  tablet  to  the  great 
Duke  in  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  but  if  the  above 
estimate  of  the  Earl  is  a  correct  one  he  was  an 
exception  to  Mildmay s  in  general,  for  they  have 
ever  belonged  rather  to  the  spendthrifts  than  the 
misers. 

The  Earl  pulled  down  the  old  Moulsham  Hall, 
built  by  the  Auditor  temp.  Henry  VIII,  and  erected 
a  large  mansion  of  Italian  architecture  designed  by 
Signor  Leoni,  and  costing  over  ;^7o,ooo.  So  in 
this  instance  he  was  lavish  rather  than  miserly. 


THE  FITZWALTERS  171 

Earl  Fitzwalter  had  one  son,  Robert  Schomberg, 
who  died  very  young,  and  when  he  himself  died 
29  February,  1756,  aged  eighty-six,  and  was  buried 
in  Chelmsford  Church,  he  left  no  issue,  and  his 
branch  of  the  family  became  extinct  in  the  male 
line,  the  Moulsham  estate  being  bequeathed  to  his 
cousin.  Sir  William  Mildmay. 

Mary,  the  sister  of  Benjamin  the  first  Baron, 
married,  as  previously  stated,  her  cousin,  Henry 
Mildmay  of  Graces,  and  they  had  eleven  children, 
the  seven  males  died  young,  but  the  daughters 
married. 

The  fourth  daughter,  Frances,  married  Christopher 
Fowler,  of  London,  and  had  several  children.  Her 
third  son,  Edmund,  married  and  left  one  daughter 
the  wife  of  Sir  Egerton  Brook  Bridges,  who  claimed 
the  Barony  of  Fitzwalter  by  descent  in  the  female 
line,  but  failed  to  establish  his  claim. 

At  Dogmersfield  there  is  a  portrait  of  Charles 
Lord  Fitzwalter,  and  full-length  pictures  of  the 
Earl  and  his  Countess. 

At  the  same  place  there  is  also  a  very  curious 
little  picture  on  panel  connected  with  the  Fitzwalters 
of  an  early  period.  It  is  a  small  half-length  of  a 
nun,  and  painted  on  top  of  the  panel  is  : — "  Matilda 
dau:  to  Lord  Robert  Fitzwalter  poisoned  by  King 
John  in  the  Abbey  of  Dunmow,  Essex,  12 13." 

In  a  book  entitled  : — "  The  famous  History  of 
Robert  Fitzwalter  |  Lord  of  Woodham  |  stiled  | 
Marshal  of  God*s  Armies  in  the  Barons  Wars  | 
with  I  some  account  of  his  fair  daughter  Matilda 


172         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

who  was  poisoned  by  King  John,"  etc.,  it  is 
stated: — "I  have  read  that  it  [the  poisoning]  was 
done  with  a  poached  egg,  the  salt  being  poisoned 
which  was  for  her  sauce.  Others  say  a  cup  of 
poison." 

The  real  fact  is  supposed  to  be  that  as  their 
patron,  Robert  Fitzwalter,  had  sided  with  the  other 
barons,  the  monks  fabricated  this  story  to  make  it 
appear  that  his  enmity  to  the  monarch  arose  from 
personal  motives  and  the  treatment  of  his  daughter. 

Thomas  Heywood,  the  dramatist,  1601,  makes 
out  that  Matilda  was  the  Maid  Marian  of  Robin 
Hood. 

Matilda  was  a  granddaughter  of  Simon  de  St. 
Lyz,  Earl  of  Northampton,  whose  deed  in  the 
reign  of  King  Stephen  provides  the  first  mention  of 
a  Mildmay. 


SIR  WILLIAM  MILDMAY  OF 
MOULSHAM 


WILLIAM  MILDMAY  who,  by  the 
will  of  his  cousin,  Earl  Fitzwalter, 
succeeded  to  the  Moulsham  estate, 
belonged  to  the  Springfield  Barnes 
branch  of  the  family.  He  was  born  in  1705,  son  of 
William  Mildmay,Chief  of  Surat,  by  Sarah,  daughter 
of  —  Wilcox,  Judge  in  the  Civil  Court.  He  was  at 
Emmanuel  College  in  1728,  and  Commissioner  in 
Paris  for  settling  the  limits  of  Nova  Scotia  in  1754. 
He  was  created  Baronet  in  1765,  in  which  year  he 
was  Sheriff  of  Essex,  and  is  the  only  one  of  the 
family  who  has  left  a  printed  work  of  any  kind.  He 
was  author  of  On  the  method  of  Elections,  1743  ; 
On  the  Police  of  France,  1763  ;  On  the  Southern 
Maritime  Provinces  of  France,  1764  ;  On  the  trade 
of  England,  1765  ;  and  the  Duty  oj  the  Sheriffs  of 
London  and  Middlesex. 

He  also  left  MS.  accounts  of  travels  in  France, 
Italy,  England,  and  Scotland.  The  discomforts  and 
difficulties  of  travel  abroad  must  have  been  very 
great  according  to  Sir  William's  narrative,  but  he 
hardly  ever  complains. 

He  started  in  August,  1748,  after  the  Peace  of 
173 


174         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Aix-la-Chapelle,  with  Sir  Richard  and  Lady  Hoare 
for  the  South  of  France. 

They  hired  a  private  vessel,  left  Dover  at  i  a.m. 
on  high  tide,  and  got  off  Calais  at  1 1  the  next 
morning,  after  what  he  calls  an  easy  and  agreeable 
passage.  On  account  of  the  state  of  the  tide  the 
vessel  did  not  get  into  harbour  till  2  p.m.  He 
was  rather  bothered  at  the  Custom  House,  even  his 
pockets  being  searched.  The  party  bought  two 
chaises,  hired  a  courier  to  ride  in  front  and  prepare 
lodgings,  and  after  dining  at  the  Table  Royale, 
began  their  journey.  They  travelled  by  Boulogne, 
which  place  was  full  of  English  people  whom  Sir 
William  calls  fugitives  from  justice.  Then  to 
Montreuil  and  Abbeville,  finding  the  country 
between  the  two  places  utterly  barren,  devoid  even 
of  trees  and  hedges.  Abbeville  was  flourishing  on 
account  of  the  manufacture  of  fine  cloth  from 
Spanish  wool.  The  workers  in  this  manufacture, 
which  held  a  patent  monopoly,  had  various  privi- 
leges, such  as  being  exempt  from  having  soldiers 
quartered  on  them,  having  salt  at  prime  cost,  beer 
without  paying  duty,  etc.  From  Abbeville  the 
travellers  went  on  to  Amiens,  through  Breteuil  to 
St.  Just  and  Chantilly.  Sir  William  greatly  admired 
the  castle,  particularly  the  great  gallery. — "  On  the 
sides  of  which  are  the  pictures  representing  all  the 
Battles  and  Sieges  of  the  Great  Prince  of  Conde 
with  his  bust  at  the  other  end  in  marble."  The 
Chantilly  inn  is  the  first  one  he  abuses,  saying  it 
had  dirty  rooms  and  beds  swarming  with  bugs. 


SIR  WILLIAM  MILDMAY  175 

From  Chantilly  the  party  proceeded  by  St.  Denis  to 
Paris,  where  they  lodged  at  the  Hotel  d'Orleans,  in 
the  Faubourg  St.  Germains.  They  put  off  seeing 
the  sights  till  their  return,  yet  stayed  a  fort- 
night, and  left  Paris  19  September  for  Fontaine- 
bleau,  then  Nemours  and  Montargis,  which  last 
place  Sir  William  calls  an  old  dirty  town  with 
ill-paved  streets.  Then  on  to  Nevers,  travelling 
the  whole  day  alongside  the  Loire,  on  which  Sir 
William  saw  only  a  few  boats,  and  remarks  to  what 
a  much  better  use  such  a  noble  river  would  be  put 
in  a  trading  country  like  England.  Moulins  was 
the  next  town,  a  place  remarkable  for  the  manu- 
facture of  cutlery,  of  which  Sir  William  scornfully 
remarks  that  if  their  swords  are  not  sharper  than 
their  knives,  their  armies  would  be  able  to  do 
little  execution.  At  Pancaudier,  in  Beaujolais,  the 
travellers  had  a  very  bad  reception.  "  First  we 
were  conducted  in  our  chaises  into  a  large  Barn 
filled  with  horses  and  mules  of  voituriers  and 
carriers  ;  having  alighted  among  these  we  were  led 
up  by  the  help  of  a  lantern  round  some  winding 
stairs  like  a  Church  Steeple  into  a  long  dismal 
gallery  where  at  the  further  end  they  showed  us 
two  or  three  kind  of  Hogsties  with  some  straw 
Matrasses  which  they  told  us  were  for  our  beds  ; 
to  our  further  comfort  they  had  nothing  for  us  to 
eat  and  drink  ;  They  wondered  when  we  ask'd  for 
milk,  how  could  we  expect  any  when  they  had  no 
Goats  in  their  Village,  but  being  informed  we  meant 
Cow's  milk  their  surprise  was  yet  more  increased, 


176         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

not  having  seen  such  an  Animal  since  they  had  all 
been  destroyed  three  years  before  by  the  late  Dis- 
temper. Here  we  first  began  to  hear  and  see  real 
Distress  arising  from  Dearness  of  Provisions  and 
want  of  Men  occasioned  by  the  War  ;  so  that  after 
a  poor  Supper  and  a  worse  Night's  Lodgings 
amidst  Fleas,  Bugs,  and  all  kinds  of  nastiness, 
we  paid  them  in  the  Morning  what  they  ask'd, 
it  being  vain  to  talk  of  Bills  or  Reckonings  to 
People  that  could  neither  read  nor  cast  Accounts." 
The  journey  was  continued  through  Roanne 
and  Tarare  to  Lyons  where  they  arrived  on  the 
25th  September  and  remained  a  week. 

Sir  William  says  the  city  as  well  as  Paris  has 
been  fully  described,  so  he  will  not  enter  into  any 
remarks  on  the  buildings,  etc.,  but  he  gives  an 
interesting  description  of  the  old  clock  on  the 
Cathedral  of  St.  John  with  all  the  working  figures, 
including  the  Virgin  Mary  and  God  the  Father. 
He  mentions  that  the  beauty  of  the  colour  of 
Lyons  silk  is  due  to  the  qualities  of  the  waters  of 
the  Saone.  At  Lyons  the  party  engaged  a  hateau  de 
poste  for  thirteen  Louis-d'or  to  take  them  down 
the  Rhone  to  Avignon,  the  boat  being  large 
enough  to  hold  both  post-chaises.  The  first 
stopping-place  was  Vienne,  where  were  the  ruins  of 
a  castle,  said  by  tradition  to  be  the  castle  of 
Pontius  Pilate  to  which  he  retired  after  passing  his 
unjust  sentence  on  the  Saviour.  Several  places 
were  passed.  At  one  part  of  the  river  considerable 
danger  was  experienced  from  the  strength  of  the 


SIR  WILLIAM  MILDMAY  177 

stream  and  wind,  the  numerous  islands,  and  the 
crazy  character  of  the  boat.  At  Pont  St.  Esprit  the 
river  was  abandoned,  travelling  on  it  being  too  risky. 
The  post-chaises  were  again  put  upon  the  road,  and 
the  party  arrived  at  Avignon  on  the  5th  October. 
The  town  at  this  time  belonged  to  the  Pope,  the 
surrounding  country  to  the  King  of  France,  so  there 
were  difficulties  about  bridges,  coinage,  etc.  The 
travellers  moved  on  to  Aix,  the  place  recommended 
to  Sir  Richard  Hoare  for  his  health,  and  remained 
there  from  the  6th  October,  1748,  to  the  24th  April, 
1749.  They  had  taken  thirty-six  days  to  get  from 
Calais  to  Aix,  not  counting  the  time  they  spent  in 
Paris  and  Lyons,  rather  a  difference  from  the  train 
rafide  of  the  present  day.  There  is  some  interest 
in  the  description  of  what  was  to  be  seen  at  Aix 
and  in  the  neighbourhood,  but  the  locality  is  too 
well  known  to  make  extracts  from  the  journal 
desirable.  Sir  William  derives  the  name  of  the 
place  from  a  Roman  general,  Sextius,  who  founded  the 
town  for  the  sake  of  the  medicinal  waters  there, 
and  called  it  Aquce  Sextii,  abbreviated  later  into  Aix. 
SirWilliam*s  account  of  the  general  society  is  curious. 
He  writes : — "As  the  Gentry  are  thus  indolent 
in  their  Business,  so  are  they  in  their  Pleasures  ;  for 
the  Country  not  admitting  of  rural  sports,  their  sole 
Amusements  is  in  Cards,  and  some  Gallantries 
among  the  Ladies  ;  Here  with  the  greatest  regard 
for  the  female  sex  1  am  obliged  to  Say  that  Cards 
and  Gallants  seem  likewise  the  sole  Happiness  of 
these  provincial  Ladies  ;  I  mean  the  married  women 

N 


178         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

of  this  place,  for  their  Daughters  are  kept  confined 
in  a  Convent  till  marriageable  and  afterwards  kept 
up  as  close  at  Home,  till  they  go  back  to  the 
Convent  again  for  life,  or  a  Match  is  proposed,  in 
which  Family  Alliances  has  a  greater  consideration 
than  either  Lover  or  Fortune,  and  when  married  it 
comes  to  their  turn  to  act  as  their  Mothers  did 
before  *em.  Thus  almost  every  Wife  has  her 
Lover,  who  follows  her  in  all  her  visits,  and  is  at 
her  elbow  at  every  Assembly ;  the  Husbands 
contenting  themselves  by  taking  their  Revenge  in 
being  the  Gallant  of  some  other  Lady.  The 
Husbands  in  the  meanwhile  are  very  complaisant  to 
their  Wives  in  all  the  exterior  Marks  of  Ceremony, 
but  close  and  reserved  with  regard  to  not  allowing 
them  either  Money  or  Clothes  ;  for  however 
extravagant  the  Ladies  of  Paris  may  be  in  the 
frequent  change  of  their  Dress  at  each  Season  of  the 
year,  those  at  Aix  have  little  variety  of  New,  such 
as  were  made  at  the  Wedding  serving  them  for 
Finery  all  their  lives  after,  with  an  Allowance  of 
about  24  Louis  d'or  a  year  for  Pocket  Money. 
Ladies  of  the  best  Families  I  was  assured  had 
no  more,  and  with  this  and  what  they  can  save 
by  Cards  and  Card  Money  they  are  obliged  to  find 
themselves  in  Dress  and  Chair  Hire.  For  as  to 
Family  Affairs  of  Housekeeping  and  Domestick 
concerns,  these  are  no  way  the  concerns  of  the 
Women  of  this  part  of  the  World,  a  Cook  or 
Maitre  d'Hotel  being  kept  in  the  House,  who 
finds  the  Family  a  Dinner  or  Supper  at  so  much 


SIR  WILLIAM  MILDMAY  179 

per  Head,  so  that  the  Mistress  has  nothing  to  do 
but  paint  and  curl  all  the  Morning,  then  throws  a 
tarnished  Robe  over  a  foul  Shift,  and  dirty 
Waistcoat,  for  they  wear  no  stays,  employs  her 
Time  from  Half  an  Hour  after  Dinner  till  2 
o*clock  the  next  Morning  at  one  Assembly,  whilst 
her  Husband  is  doing  the  same  at  another." 

Sir  William  admits  making  the  acquaintance  of 
some  nice  well-bred  people,  the  owner  of  the  house 
in  which  the  travellers  lived  being  one.  He  was 
a  judge  of  a  light-hearted  disposition,  and  often 
entertained  his  guests  with  a  tune  on  the  bagpipes, 
of  all  instruments  in  the  world.  There  were  a 
certain  number  of  English  visitors,  one  being  Lady 
Ann  Hamilton  ;  and  Sir  William  writes  oddly 
enough  : — "  Lord  Ann  having  died  at  Auvergne." 
Sir  William  visited  Marseilles  and  Toulon,  and 
gives  good  descriptions  of  those  towns  as  they 
then  were.  The  galley  and  galley  slaves  specially 
interested  him.  He  writes  : — "  Here  [Marseilles] 
are  at  present  about  15  Galleys  containing  one  with 
another  about  300  slaves  each,  chained  down  into 
the  Places  where  they  are  to  row,  but  let  out  in 
different  Numbers  as  they  may  be  wanted  to  work 
in  the  Dockyards.  They  arc  allowed  only  Bread 
and  Water  and  stand  the  King  one  with  another 
about  3  Sols  a  day  ;  Several  of  these  Slaves  who 
become  so  for  slender  Offences  are  allowed  to  keep 
Shops  in  little  Barracks  built  all  along  side  of  the 
Port,  which  'tis  the  Perquisite  of  the  Commander 
of  the  Galleys  to  let  as  also  to  receive  so  much  a 


i8o         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


day  for  the  Liberty ;  to  these  they  are  chain'd 
down  in  the  Daytime  and  at  Night  must  return  to 
their  Galleys.  Others  are  permitted  to  walk  about 
the  Town  chain'd  to  one  another  and  a  Guard  to 
attend  'em,  and  for  better  security  a  Turk  and  a 
Christian  are  always  chain'd  together  as  not  likely 
to  agree  in  their  manner  of  escaping  ;  others  are 
suffered  to  walk  about  with  an  Iron  Ring  only 
round  one  Leg,  but  they  must  have  some  consider- 
able Person  bound  in  a  Bond  to  be  responsible  for 
their  Escapes.  Bands  of  Musik  composed  of  five 
or  six  chain'd  together  are  permitted  to  walk  about 
the  Streets  playing  at  every  House  where  Strangers 
arrive  ;  all  these  pay  for  such  Liberties  which  bring 
a  considerable  Perquisite  to  the  Commanders." 

Sir  William  also  describes  the  prisons,  ending 
with  : — "  But  those  who  commanded  most  our 
Compassion  were  the  poor  Protestants,  many  of 
them  brought  from  Languedoc,  and  confin'd  here 
merely  upon  account  of  their  Religion." 

On  his  way  back  from  Toulon  to  Aix,  Sir  William 
went  to  Hyeres,  Brignolles,  and  St.  Maximin.  Of 
the  last  place  he  writes  : — "  Here  we  stopped  to 
see  the  Cathedral  famous  for  the  Regularity  of  it's 
Architecture,  and  it's  fine  Altar  Piece  of  Marble, 
but  more  so  for  it's  being  the  Burial  Place  of  Mary 
Magdalen  and  S^  Maximin  the  first  Bishop  she 
consecrated  after  her  arrival  at  Marseilles.  In  a 
Subterranean  Chappell  they  show  as  Relicks  greatley 
adored  in  these  parts,  the  Arm  of  S*  Maximin,  and 
the  Head  of  Mary  Magdalen  with  something  like 


SIR  WILLIAM  MILDMAY  i8i 


a  Piece  of  Flesh  on  the  Forehead,  which  they  say 
has  never  putrified,  our  Saviour  having  once  touched 
that  part  with  his  Finger.  And  here  is  also  a  kind 
of  Tomb,  being  the  Figure  at  length  in  the  manner 
as  she  lay  in  her  Cell  whilst  she  did  Pennance  at 
S^  Baume/' 

After  six  months*  residence  at  Aix,  Sir  R.  Hoare's 
health  being  restored,  the  party  turned  homewards, 
starting  on  the  23rd  April  and  travelling  by  a 
different  route,  reached  Paris  on  the  i6th  May, 
then  went  on  to  Brussels  and  Spa,  and  returned  to 
England  via  Calais  and  Dover  on  the  14th  Sep- 
tember, having  been  abroad  twelve  months  and 
nineteen  days.  Sir  William  ends  his  journal  with  : — 
"  having  performed  so  great  a  Journey  without  a 
single  Accident  or  Day*s  Inconvenience  from  first 
to  last,  God  be  praised.'* 

Considering  the  difficulties  of  locomotion  and 
discomforts  experienced,  he  cannot  be  called  a  dis- 
contented traveller. 

Sir  William's  record  of  his  tour  in  Scotland 
contains  a  quaint  description  of  the  people  of  the 
Highlands,  unflattering  as  regards  the  poorer 
classes. 

The  Poor  Peoples  Hutts  are  very  wretched 
Houses  to  live  in,  as  can  be  seen,  and  some  by  the 
look  you  would  only  imagine  fitt  to  put  Cattle  in  ; 
they  are  made  of  Clods  of  Durt,  cut  into  pieces 
and  dry'd,  and  then  Heap'd  upon  one  another  to 
make  a  Wall,  then  lay  across  a  few  Poles  for  a 


i82         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Roof,  on  which  they  put  Tivet,  wch  is  Turf  cut 
off  the  Mountains  and  Dry'd,  and  serves  for 
Thatching  ;  they  make  no  Chimneys  in  'em,  the 
poor  ones,  and  only  leave  a  little  hole  or  two  for 
Winddows,  so  that  ye  Smoke  comes  out  there  and 
at  the  Door  ;  but  there  are  Hutts  that  are  better 
made  than  these,  wch  are  made  of  great  round 
Stones  lay'd  one  over  the  other  for  the  Wall,  but 
they  are  Roof'd  with  Tivet  too,  and  they  have  a 
hole  at  the  top  for  a  Chimney,  and  better  Wind- 
dows ;  they  lye  generally  upon  the  Ground  on 
Straw  wrapped  round  in  their  Plads,  in  the  worst 
part  of  the  Highland,  tho'  in  others  the  poor 
Creatures  do  make  themselves  a  kind  of  Bed  ;  to 
be  sure  there  can't  possibly  be  any  people  so  poor 
as  the  lower  sort  of  the  Highlands,  nor  live  more 
hardly  ;  they  are  all  under  the  subjection  of  their 
Chiefs,  to  whom  they  are  perfect  Slaves,  ready 
upon  any  occasion  to  do  whatever  they  would  have 
'em,  and  are  very  firmly  attached  to  'em,  that  were 
they  to  order  'em  to  Murder  any  person  they 
would  immediately  do  it,  and  there  has  been  many 
Instances  of  such  Proofs  of  their  Duty  :  in  a  very 
few  Hours  time  one  of  these  Chiefs  can  summon 
upon  occasion  many  Hundred  of  these  people  of 
his  Clan,  and  I  have  heard  my  Lord  Lovit  say  in 
less  than  three  Hours,  He  could  draw  together 
above  500  of  his  People  ;  they  are  very  numerous 
all  over  the  Country,  and  they  say  it  is  incredible 
the  vast  number  of  people  there  amongst  the 
Mountains,  wch   come  down   at   the  Highland 


SIR  WILLIAM  MILDMAY  183 

Fairs,  &c.  They  are  vastly  given  to  stealing,  being 
used  to  commit  Robberies  on  their  Neighbours, 
and  in  the  Night  a  party  of  'em  will  carry  off  into 
ye  Mountains  Herds  of  Goats,  Sheep,  Cows,  or 
Horses,  steal  Poultry  or  do  any  Mischief  they  can, 
being  a  Rude,  Wild,  Quarrelsome  People  ;  but 
the  Highland  Companys  of  Soldiers,  who  are  called 
the  Highland  Watch  are  dispersed  up  and  down 
in  the  Countrys,  and  they  are  to  look  after  these 
Robbers,  and  are  to  endeavour  to  catch  'em  if 
possible,  and  whenever  any  Cattel  is  lost,  the 
person  that  has  lost  'em  always  applies  to  these 
Highland  Watch,  and  they  go  in  search  after  'em, 
and  generally  find  the  Cattel,  tho'  they  don't  catch 
the  People  that  stole  'em,  who  if  they  are  met  with 
are  severely  punished  ;  no  people  could  ever  be 
fitt  to  pursue  after  these  Wretches  but  High- 
landers, for  a  Stranger  in  the  Country  cou'd  not 
possibly  know  the  ways  through  the  Mountains 
where  they  Hide,  nor  cou'd  they  so  nimbly  go  up 
and  down  'em.  The  Highland  Companys  are  kept 
in  the  same  regular  manner  as  to  their  Exercising 
&c.  as  our  Soldiers  are,  and  the  Command  of  them 
is  generally  given  to  the  Scotch,  tho'  they  have 
some  English  Officers  among  'em  ;  in  the  moun- 
tainous parts  of  the  Country  they  have  large  Herds 
of  Goats,  the  poor  liveing  very  much  on  Goats 
Milk,  and  Cheese  made  from  it,  and  it  is  all  over 
Scotland  thought  to  be  exceeding  wholesome,  and 
good  for  people  in  any  ill  state  of  Health,  being  a 
great  restorative,  and  particularly  good  in  Con- 


1 84         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

sumptive  cases,  and  after  any  violent  illnesses,  and 
the  People  of  Fashion  generally  once  a  year  go 
into  the  Highlands  to  drink  this  Milk,  or  what 
they  call  Goat's  Whey.  The  dress  of  the  poor 
Woman  differs  very  little  from  the  English,  they 
all  wear  a  Plaid  as  they  call  it,  wch  is  a  piece  of 
the  strip'd  Plad,  2  breaths  sew'd  together  and  3 
yards  long  ;  this  they  put  upon  their  Heads,  and 
it  falls  all  over  their  Shoulders  lower  than  their 
Waists,  and  covers  a  good  deal  of  their  Face,  and 
reaches  down  to  their  Knees  before  ;  the  People  of 
Fashion  and  Quality  have  left  'em  off  in  great 
measure,  tho'  in  an  undress,  and  in  a  morning, 
they  will  wear  'em.  Some  of  'em  have  exceeding 
fine  Plaids,  of  which  they  have  several  prices,  and 
as  Dear  as  10  and  12  shgs  a  yard,  but  the  Ladys 
are  generally  made  of  silk,  and  mostly  of  Scarlett. 
The  poor  People's  Caps  are  made  of  Scotch  Cloth, 
and  very  much  like  a  short  Hood  ;  as  for  the 
Gentry  of  the  Country  and  ye  People  of  Quality, 
they  Dress  as  well  as  any  People,  and  are  as 
Genteel,  and  at  the  Assembly  at  Edinburgh  I  saw 
as  many  clever  looking  well  dressed  People  as  in 
any  Assembly  anywhere,  and  for  behaviour  they 
are  very  polite  and  well  bred  ;  in  their  manner  and 
dress  they  imitate  the  French,  but  the  Gentlemen 
in  particular,  because  they  are  generally  sent  abroad 
when  they  are  young." 

A  letter  of  Sir  William's  of  1756  to  his  cousin, 
Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  of  Marks,  shows  the 


SIR  WILLIAM  MILDMAY  185 

apprehensions  of  the  time,  for  he  writes: — "On 
the  Church  Tower  at  Burnham  are  placed  two 
Dragoons  every  day  to  watch  and  give  notice  of 
the  French  Fleet's  arrival." 

Sir  William  Mildmay  died  at  Bath,  where  he 
had  gone  for  the  recovery  of  his  health,  on  the 
8th  August,  1 77 1,  and  having  no  issue  his  branch 
of  the  family  became  extinct. 

He  married  his  cousin  Anne,  daughter  of 
Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Shawford,  Hants,  and 
bequeathed  to  her,  who  survived  him,  his  estates 
of  Moulsham  and  Burnham,  as  well  as  that  of 
Springfield  Barnes,  which  he  had  purchased  in 
1758  from  Henry  Mildmay.  All  these  estates  are 
in  Essex. 

Sir  William's  portrait  is  at  Dogmersfield. 


HENRY  MILDMAY  OF  SHAWFORD 


LET  us  now  turn  to  the  Shawford  branch  of 
the  family. 
V  The  property  of  Marwill  Twyford 
and  Shawford,  near  Winchester,  pur- 
chased for  Anne,  daughter  of  Wm.  Haliday  and 
wife  of  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  was  settled  by  her  on 
her  husband  and  children  by  deeds  of  December, 
1654,  and  April,  1656.  She  made  a  will  of 
2  August,  1656,  with  codicil  of  February,  1656-7, 
disposing  of  some  real  and  personal  estate.  Of 
this  will  her  sister  Margaret,  married  to  Sir  Edward 
Hungerford,  was  the  executrix. 

Her  two  sons  are  specially  remembered  in  the 
will,  but  of  her  four  daughters  only  the  second, 
Anne  Margaret,  is  down  for  any  bequest.  The 
eldest  daughter,  Susan,  is  mentioned  as  a  legatee 
in  the  will  of  Susanna  Countess  of  Warwick,  dated 
1645,  s^^d  Countess  being  Susan's  grandmother, 
for  she,  when  widow  of  Alderman  William  Haliday, 
Anne  Lady  Mildmay's  father,  married  as  his  second 
wife  Robert  Earl  of  Warwick,  who  died  19  April, 
1658. 

Mary  Countess  of  Warwick,  says  of  Susanna 
in  her  autobiography : — "  A  rich  woman,  who 
because  she  was  a  citizen  was  not  so  much  respected 

186 


HENRY  MILDMAY  187 

in  the  family,  as  in  my  opinion  she  deserved  to, 
for  she  was  one  that  assuredly  feared  God." 

Anne  Lady  Mildmay  died  in  1656,  and  as  by 
her  will  she  requested  her  trustees  to  allow  her 
husband  to  live  in  Twyford  Manor-house,  he 
may  have  done  so  occasionally  till  the  Restoration. 
But  it  is  not  certain  who  resided  there  for  the  next 
few  years  after  that  event,  though  it  seems  pro- 
bable that  Henry,  Lady  Mildmay's  second  son, 
was  the  occupier,  and  the  reason  of  his  being  there 
may  perhaps  be  discovered  in  an  answer  of  his 
elder  brother  William  in  a  petition  presented  to 
the  House  of  Lords. 

In  this  answer  William  averred  that  his  brother 
had  tricked  him,  who  was  not  of  so  deep  a  nature 
as  to  perceive  his  design,  out  of  his  estate  on 
pretence  of  holding  it  in  trust  for  him. 

Probably  money  matters  between  the  two  brothers 
were  not  in  a  satisfactory  state,  for  i  June,  1685, 
there  was  a  petition  in  the  House  of  Lords  from 
Henry  Mildmay  and  Haliday  Mildmay,  his  only 
son,  to  set  aside  a  jointure  said  to  be  due  to  Mary 
Brewster,  widow  of  his  deceased  brother  William. 

Dame  Anne,  their  mother,  had  devised  ^6000, 
and  certain  leases  to  trustees  for  the  benefit  of 
William,  who  was  buried  at  Danbury,  where  his 
tombstone  inside  the  church  records  : — 

"Here  lyeth  interred  the  bodie  |  of  W"^  Mildmay 
Esqre  |  eldest  son  of  Sir  Henry  |  Mildmay  of 
Wanstead,  K'  |  and  Dame  Anne  his  wife  |  one 
of  the  daughters  and  |  coheirs  of  W"^  Haliday  | 


i88         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Alderman  of  London.  He  dyed  June  the  first 
1682  I  aged  60  years  leaving  |  his  most  loving  and 
beloved  |  wife  Mary  eldest  daughter  |  of  John 
Brewster  of  |  Wyfield  in  the  parish  of  |  Barking 
in  the  County  of  |  Essex,  Esqre,  his  executrix." 

It  was  not  till  the  20th  May,  16 15,  three  years 
after  William's  death,  that  commission  was  issued  to 
Henry  Mildmay,  son  of  Lady  Mildmay,  late  of 
Wanstead,  Co.  Essex,  to  administer  the  goods, 
etc.,  Dame  Margaret  Hungerford,  now  being  dead, 
and  from  that  time  Henry  was  in  full  possession 
of  the  Twyford  and  Newington  estates,  and  such 
other  property  as  had  been  by  chance  saved  from 
the  wreck  of  his  father  s  fortunes.  He  was,  how- 
ever, rated  at  Twyford  for  the  relief  of  the  poor 
from  1677  to  1705. 

Henry  was  SherilfF  of  Hampshire  in  1688,  and 
there  was  a  licence  to  live  out  of  his  county,  not- 
withstanding his  office.  In  his  petition  for  this 
licence  he  described  himself  as  a  barrister  of  Gray*s 
Inn,  and  engaged  in  concerns  in  town. 

The  treatment  of  the  Revolutionary  Mildmays 
cannot  be  called  harsh,  for  not  only  was  there  no 
molestation  of  the  children  of  Sir  Henry  Mildmay, 
one  of  the  judges  of  Charles  I,  but,  as  above  stated, 
one  was  made  Sheriff  of  Hampshire  ;  Carew  Mild- 
may of  Marks  was  reinstated  in  the  Jewel  Office  ; 
and  Henry  Mildmay  of  Graces,  the  Commonwealth 
Colonel,  had  licence  to  come  to  town  about  his 
occasions  in  June,  1670,  notwithstanding  the  late 
proclamation. 


HENRY  MILDMAY  189 

Perhaps  Charles,  Earl  of  Warwick,  one  of  the 
Commissioners  sent  to  invite  the  return  of 
Charles  II,  and  a  relation  of  the  Earl  of  Warwick, 
husband  of  Susanna  Haliday,  may  have  acted  as  a 
protector  of  the  Mildmay  family. 

In  a  MS.  book  that  was  once  at  Shawford, 
called  the  President  Book,  there  is  the  following 
poem  apparently  in  Henry  Mildmay's  handwriting, 
and  which  may  have  been  composed  by  him. 

"  1679.  Dec :  10. 

A  SONG  OF  MORTALLITYE 

When  I  shall  leave  this  clod  of  clay, 
When  I  shall  see  that  happy  day 
That  a  cold  tomb,  and  a  winding  sheet 
Shall  end  my  tears,  my  grief  and  fears. 
And  lay  me  silent  at  my  conqueror's  feet. 
When  a  dear  friend  shall  say  he's  gone 

Alasse  hath  left  us  all  alone 
I  saw  him  gasping,  and  I  saw  him  strive 

In  vain  amidst  his  paine 

His  eyestrings  breaking 
And  his  falling  jaw 
Then  shall  no  teares  bedew  my  hearse 

Noe  sad  uncomfortable  verse 
My  onlamented  death  shall  have. 
Then  friends  for  a  while  be  merry  without  me 
And  as  fast  as  you  die  come  flocking  about  me 
In  gardens  and  groves  our  day  reavell  we'll  keepe 
And  all  night  my  theorbo  shall  rock  you  to  sleep 
So  happy  we'll  prove  that  mortals  above 
Shall  envy  our  musick,  shall  envy  our  love." 


190         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

The  little  poem  may  perhaps  be  best  described  by 
one  of  its  own  lines  as  "  sad  uncomfortable  verse." 

Henry  of  Shawford  apparently  wished  to  live  at 
Wanstead,  for  he  had  a  suit-at-law  for  its  recovery, 
as  being  settled  on  his  mother,  but  failed  because  it 
did  not  form  part  of  her  paternal  estate.  He  was  a 
man  of  grand  ideas,  for  Wanstead  was  a  large  place, 
and  Twyford  Manor-house  he  found  too  insignifi- 
cant, so,  according  to  Lysons,  he  spent  10,000  in 
building  Shawford  House. 

He  was  evidently  an  extravagant  man,  often  in 
debt,  partly,  according  to  his  own  account,  from  the 
prodigality  of  his  son.  A  petition  of  his  to  the 
House  of  Commons  of  27  October,  1790,  sets  forth 
that  Dame  Margaret  Hungerford  devised  her  copy- 
hold estate  at  Newington  to  him,  being  worth  ^250 
per  annum,  and  he  wishes  to  sell  this  to  pay  his 
debts.    Petition  granted. 

One  of  the  persons  from  whom  he  constantly 
borrowed  money  was  his  cousin  Francis  Hervey 
Mildmay  of  Marks,  but  his  great  friendship  with 
this  cousin  did  not  continue,  for  on  the  loth 
October,  1702,  he  writes  to  him  : — "The  bad  usage 
of  your  Lady  to  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Davies  my 
trusty  agent  and  chief  officer,  hath  altered  my  mind 
and  intention  in  the  settlement  of  my  estate  in  your 
family.  It  was  a  bad  fate  in  my  family  that  by  the 
misfortune  of  my  father  I  lost  Wanstead,  and  by  a 
different  circumstance  your  son  Carew  will  be 
unfortunate  in  you." 

Henry  married,  30  August,  1674,  Alice,  daughter 


HENRY  MILDMAY  191 

of  Sir  Moundsford  Brampton,  Master  of  the 
Chancery.  She  died  20  January,  1692,  and  was 
buried  at  Woodham  Walter.  They  had  only  one 
child,  a  boy  named  Haliday.  He  married  Ann 
Bawdon,  who  died  in  1698.  They  had  two  children, 
a  son,  Charles,  who  died  young,  and  a  daughter, 
Letitia,  who  became  a  great  heiress.  Her  aunt 
Letitia  Bawdon  tried  to  take  charge  of  her  on  the 
death  of  her  mother,  but  this  her  grandfather 
Henry  Mildmay  would  not  permit. 

Haliday  predeceased  his  father,  dying  on  the  9th 
November,  1696,  both  he  and  his  wife  being  buried 
at  Twyford  in  woollen,  according  to  law. 

His  father  writing  about  his  death  to  his  cousin 
Cecilia  says  : — "  He  continued  hunting  in  his  coach 
with  his  wife  and  sperrits  to  support  him  until  3 
dayes  before  he  died,  and  a  Fortnight  before  made 
new  and  rich  Apparell  for  himself  and  Liveryes  for 
his  men." 

Haliday  must  have  been  very  young  when  he 
married,  for  he  could  have  been  but  little  over 
twenty-one  when  he  died. 

Henry  Mildmay  was  apparently  determined  that 
if  possible  the  bulk  of  his  property  should  remain 
in  the  family,  for  he  left  almost  all  his  manors  to 
his  granddaughter  Letitia  if  she  married  Humphrey 
or  Richard,  younger  sons  of  Carew  Hervey  Mild- 
may of  Marks,  or  failing  them,  Francis,  the  youngest 
brother  of  Carew  ;  and  if  after  marriage  she  had  no 
heirs  male,  the  properties  to  pass  to  Walter  Mildmay, 
Rector  of  Twyford,  a  brother  of  Carew  of  Marks. 


192         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

The  manor  ofHenstead,  SufFolk,Henry  Mildmay 
left  to  his  Haliday  relations,  in  trust  for  Apphia 
Haliday,  a  somewhat  unusual  Christian  name. 

Henry  died  ii  March,  1704-5,  was  buried  in 
the  same  vault  as  his  mother  in  St.  Laurence  Jewry 
Church,  and  could  hardly  have  been  in  his  grave 
when  the  will  was  proved  14  March. 

There  is  a  tale,  with  but  scant  evidence  in  support 
of  it,  that  the  two  boys,  Humphrey  and  Richard, 
were  brought  for  Letitia  to  choose  from,  and  as  the 
wish  was  that  she  should  marry  Humphrey,  he  was 
very  smartly  dressed,  and  Richard  very  poorly,  her 
choice  naturally  falling  on  the  one  in  smart  clothes. 

At  any  rate  she  did  marry  Humphrey  at  Twyford, 
20  August,  1706,  he  being  fourteen  years  of  age 
and  she  twelve,  for  she  was  baptized  at  Hackney, 
7  August,  1694.  The  children  are  said  to  have 
gone  back  to  their  respective  schoolrooms  directly 
after  marriage. 

Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  of  Marks  was,  by  will, 
left  guardian  of  Letitia,  and  this  caused  a  lawsuit 
between  him  and  Letitia's  grandmother.  Lady 
Bawdon,  who  claimed  the  guardianship  but  did  not 
get  it. 

The  extraordinary  early  marriage  of  Humphrey 
and  Letitia  was  doubtless  effected  for  the  purpose  of 
securing  the  heiress,  and  it  is  also  extraordinary 
that  it  should  have  taken  place  in  the  church,  which 
presumably  was  the  case,  for  the  marriage  is  recorded 
without  comment  in  the  church  registers. 

Their  first  son,  Henry,  was  christened  at  Twyford, 


HENRY  MILDMAY  193 

18  November,  1712;  their  second  son,  Carew, 
4  November,  1717  ;  and  they  had  two  daughters, 
Anne  and  Catherine. 

Letitia  was  buried  at  Twyford,  29  October,  1749, 
and  Humphrey  at  the  same  place  in  1761  ;  at  least 
there  is  a  stone  in  the  churchyard  to  his  memory. 

Walter  Mildmay,  the  Rector,  who  died  21 
September,  1743,  is  also  buried  at  Twyford.  His 
folio  Prayer  Book  in  the  old  leather  binding  is  still 
in  use  at  the  neighbouring  church  of  Owslebury. 
On  one  outside  cover  is  stamped  "The  ReV^ 
M""-  Walter  |  Mildmay  |  Vicar  1721  "  ;  and  on  the 
other  cover,  "The  gift  of  the  |  R'  Honbi'^  The  | 
Lady  Alice  Carpenter."  At  the  same  church  there 
is  a  fine  Communion  paten,  inscribed: — "This 
with  my  Soule  I  dedicate  to  God.  Alice  Mildmay 
1680  '*  ;  and  a  remarkable  chalice  called  The  Owsle- 
bury Cup  of  the  date  of  King  Edward  VI.  Alice, 
the  donor  of  the  paten,  was  the  wife  of  Henry 
Mildmay  of  Shawford. 

Henry,  the  elder  son  of  Humphrey  and  Letitia, 
died  unmarried  in  1734,  and  was  buried  at  Sher- 
borne. Catherine  also  did  not  marry,  but  Anne 
married  her  cousin.  Sir  William  Mildmay  of 
Moulsham,  and  had  no  issue. 

Carew,  the  second  son  of  Humphrey  and  Letitia, 
married  Jane,  daughter  of  William  Pescod,  Re- 
corder of  Winchester.  They  had  three  daughters — 
Jane,  Anne,  and  Letitia,  and  Jane  managed  to 
prevent  the  disappearance  of  the  name  of  Mildmay. 

It  is  certainly  strange  how  the  once  large  family 
o 


194         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

of  Mildmay  managed  to  dwindle  away.  In  the 
reign  of  King  Charles  I  the  Mildmays  had  spread 
over  a  great  part  of  Essex,  for  there  were  then 
nine  families  in  that  county  with  considerable 
estates,  viz. :  Sir  Thomas,  Bart.,  of  Moulsham  ;  Sir 
Henry,  Kt.,  of  Wanstead;  Sir  Thomas,  Kt.,  of 
Springfield  Barnes ;  Sir  Henry,  Kt.,  of  Graces ;  Sir 
Walter,  Kt.,  of  Great  Baddow ;  Sir  Robert,  Kt.,  of 
Terling;  Sir  Henry,  Kt.,  of  Woodham  Walter; 
and  Carew  Hervey  of  Marks.  The  rental  of  all 
these  estates  totalling  about  ^^7500  per  annum. 

As  William  Playfair  grandiloquently  puts  it: — 
"  The  property  held  by  various  branches  of  the 
Mildmay  family  in  Essex  was  almost  princely,  and 
it  may  be  truly  said,  whether  we  look  to  the  extent 
of  their  possessions,  or  the  more  valuable  qualities 
of  head  and  heart,  that  the  name  conferred  con- 
siderable honour  on  their  native  country." 

These  princely  possessions  were  mainly  proper- 
ties acquired  at  the  time  of  the  dissolution  of  the 
monasteries,  and  some  people  might  be  inclined  to 
adopt  the  theory  of  Spelman  that  ownership  of 
lands  taken  from  the  Church  was  fatal,  but  to 
endogamy  and  not  sacrilege  must  we  look  for  the 
extinction  of  so  many  branches  of  the  family. 

Marriage  after  marriage  between  cousins  was  the 
reason  why  there  was  often  no  issue,  or,  if  there 
were  children,  why  they  died  in  infancy  or  youth. 


JANE  MILDMAY  AND  HER 
DESCENDANTS 


ALL  the  three  daughters  of  Carew  Mild- 
may  of  Shawford  and  Jane  Pescod 
married. 

Letitia,  the  youngest,  married  15 
October,  1791,  George  William  Ricketts  of  Lain- 
stone,  Hants,  or,  as  he  is  designated  in  the  marriage 
licence,  of  Bishop*s  Sutton.  She  was  buried  at 
Twyford  4  April,  1839,  aged  seventy.  Anne,  the 
second  daughter,  married,  13  November,  1794, 
John  Gierke,  Esq.,  of  Worthing,  Hants.  She 
was  buried  at  Twyford  27  May,  1820,  aged  fifty- 
three.  Jane,  the  eldest,  born  December,  1764, 
married,  22  June,  1786,  Sir  Henry  Paulet  St.  John, 
Bart.,  of  Dogmersfield  Park,  Hants,  who  took  the 
name  and  arms  of  Mildmay  by  Royal  Warrant  of 
the  8th  December,  1790,  the  family  from  that  time 
being  known  as  St.  John-Mildmay. 

Jane  Mildmay  became  a  considerable  heiress. 
On  the  death  of  Anne,  daughter  of  Garcw  Mild- 
may of  Hazlegrove  and  Marks,  in  1789,  she  suc- 
ceeded to  the  estates  of  Hazlegrove,  Somersetshire, 
returned  at  3924  acres,  and  Marks  Hall,  Essex, 
sold  to  the  Grown  in  1854;  in  1795,  on  the  death 

195 


196         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

of  Anne,  widow  of  Sir  William  Mildmay,  inherited 
the  estates  of  Moulsham,  Springfield  Barnes,  and 
Burnham,  Essex;  and  in  1799,  on  the  death  of 
her  mother,  entered  into  full  possession  of  the 
estate  of  Shawford,  Hants,  and  the  property  at 
Newington  Green,  both  of  these  being  subsequently 
sold. 

Dogmersfield  Manor,  the  property  of  Sir  Henry 
St.  John,  called  Ornesveldt  in  Domesday,  was 
granted  in  the  early  part  of  the  twelfth  century  by 
Henry  I  to  Godfrey,  Bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells, 
and  called  in  the  charter  Dokmeresfeld.  In  the 
MS.  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Wells  the  name 
is  written  Dochemerefeld,  Dochemeresfelda,  Doga- 
merefeld,  Dokemerefend,  Dokmeresfeld,  and  Doke- 
meresfeld,  as  well  as  Dokmeresfeld. 

Henry  II  granted  to  Bishop  Reginald  leave  to 
make  a  park  there;  Jocelyn  Fitz-Jocelyn,  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury,  translated  from  Bath  and 
Wells,  died  there  in  11 90;  and  the  fair  formerly 
held  at  Dogmersfield  was  granted  by  Edward  I  to 
the  Bishop  of  Bath  and  Wells. 

Bishop  Lincoln  left  in  his  will  seven  marks  for  a 
mass  for  the  soul  of  Stephen,  Parson  of  Dokmeres- 
feld, and  the  place  was  evidently  a  favourite  resi- 
dence of  the  bishops,  for  there  are  numerous 
documents  of  various  kinds  dated  by  them  from 
Dogmersfield. 

A  brick  long  preserved  at  Dogmersfield  is  be- 
lieved to  have  been  of  the  foundation  of  the 
Bishop's  Palace,  or  of  the  monastery  that  is  sup- 


JANE  MILDMAY  197 

posed  to  have  stood  close  to  the  front  of  the 
present  house. 

There  were  undoubtedly  more  than  one  con- 
ventual building  in  the  neighbourhood.  Part  of  a 
nunnery  is  incorporated  with  the  buildings  of  a 
farm  near  Elvetham.  The  nun's  walk  leads  from 
there  to  the  old  church  at  Hartley  Row,  and  the 
walk  is  said  to  be  haunted  by  a  nun. 

Hartley  Wintney  nunnery  was  of  the  Cistercian 
order.  It  is  reputed  to  have  been  founded  in  the 
time  of  the  Conqueror,  and  contained  a  prioress 
and  seventeen  nuns  about  the  time  of  the  dissolu- 
tion, when  its  possessions  were  valued  at  ^^43  3s. 
per  annum  or,  according  to  Speed,  ^^59  is. 

A  brass  in  Odiham  Church  to  a  Rector  of  Dog- 
mersfield  has  a  Latin  inscription  which,  translated, 
states: — "  Here  lies  William  Goode,  formerly  Vicar 
of  Ponteland  in  Northumbria  and  Rector  oi 
Dogmersfield,  who  died  Sept:  XI  A.D.  1498,  on 
whose  soul  God  have  mercy.  Amen." 

Catherine  of  Aragon  appears  to  have  passed  one 
night  at  Dogmersfield,  probably  in  the  Bishop*s 
Palace.  Miss  Strickland  mentions  this  in  her 
Lives  of  the  Queens  of  England^  and  quotes  Leland*s 
Collectanea  as  her  authority.  Catherine  landed  at 
Plymouth  on  the  2nd  October,  1501,  and  Leland, 
who  gives  but  meagre  information  of  the  stages 
of  her  journey,  says: — "There  his  Highness 
[Henry  VII]  avaunced  himselfe,  leavinge  the  Prince 
[Arthur]  behinde  him  upon  the  Plaine,  and  at  the 
time  of  ij  or  iij  of  the  Clocke  in  the  Afternoone, 


198         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

his  Grace  entered  the  Towne  of  D^gmersfield 
where  the  Princesse  was  arrived  ij  or  iij  Houres 
before  his  arriving,"  &c.,  and  further  on, "  Uppon 
the  Morrowe,  being  the  vii  day  of  the  Moneth  the 
Princesse  tooke  her  Journey  to  Chertsey." 

Leland  does  not  give  any  indication  of  where 
Henry  VII  was  when  he  "  avaunced  himselfe  and 
left  Prince  Arthur  "  on  the  Plaine,"  so  though  one 
cannot  be  quite  sure  where  D^gmersfield  was,  it 
in  all  probability  meant  Dogmersfield,  which  in 
those  days  was  no  doubt  a  more  important  place 
than  it  is  at  present,  and  having  the  licence  to  hold 
a  fair  had  also  most  likely  a  market,  which  would 
give  it  the  right  to  be  called  a  town. 

A  circumstance  that  tends  to  prove  the  former 
greater  importance  of  the  place  is,  that  in  Pilcot 
(a  hamlet  in  the  parish  of  Dogmersfield)  there  is 
an  old  house,  now  a  cottage,  which  at  one  time  was 
evidently  a  more  pretentious  place  of  residence, 
and  where  there  was  one  there  may  have  been 
other  more  important  dwellings. 

In  this  old  house  or  cottage  the  fireplace  was 
decorated  with  rather  coarsely  made  Dutch  tiles  of 
the  seventeenth  century,  which  have  been  removed 
and  stored  at  Dogmersfield  House,  and  at  the  top 
of  one  of  the  windows  there  is  still  a  strip  of  old  well- 
executed  coloured  glass  about  in.X3|-  in.  This 
shows  five  quarterings  of  the  family  of  Killigrew, 
and  there  was  no  doubt  once  a  larger  portion  of 
coloured  glass  displaying  the  coat  of  arms  of 
which  these  were  the  quarterings.    This  glass  is 


JANE  MILDMAY  199 

interesting  because  Thomas  Killigrew  was  surety 
at  the  time  of  the  Restoration  for  John  Mildmay 
of  Danbury,  Essex,  Commissioner  of  Excise.  The 
connection  between  the  Mildmay  and  Killigrew 
families  came  from  John  Mildmay  being  a  son  of 
Jane  Crofts,  who  married  his  father,  Sir  Humphrey 
Mildmay,  and  Thomas  Killigrew's  wife  being  a 
Crofts  of  the  same  family. 

Dogmersfield  Manor  probably  reverted  to  the 
Crown  at  the  time  of  the  dissolution  of  the 
monasteries,  for  it  was  bestowed  by  Henry  VIII 
on  the  Earl  of  Southampton,  the  act  being  con- 
firmed by  Edward  VI.  Lysons  calls  it  Dog- 
mansfield,  and  it  consisted  of  many  copyholds, 
freeholds,  lands,  messuages,  and  a  large  tract  of 
waste,  and  was  sold  in  1646  by  Thomas,  Earl  of 
Southampton,  to  one  William  Godson.  In  the 
reign  of  Charles  II  the  manor  was  possessed  by 
Anthony  Bathurst,  who  afterwards  conveyed  it  to 
one  Edward  Goodyer,  whose  descendant  Martha 
inherited  the  same  in  1725,  having  married, 
31  January,  1702-3,  as  his  second  wife,  Ellis 
St.  John,  Esq.,  who  had  been  Ellis  Mews 
and  took  the  name  of  St.  John  on  account 
of  his  first  marriage,  which  was  with  his  cousin 
Frances,  sister  and  heir  of  Oliver  St.  John,  Esq., 
of  Farley,  Hants. 

The  name  of  St.  John  is  derived  from  St. 
Jean  le  Thomas,  overlooking  the  bay  of  Mont 
St.  Michel. 

The  most  certain  starting-point  for  the  St.  John 


THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


family  is  a  document  in  the  cartulary  of  Mont 
St.  Michel,  dated  1121,  referring  to  a  dispute 
between  the  monks  of  the  abbey  and  Thomas 
St.  John  and  his  brothers  John  and  Roger.  This 
Thomas  appears  in  Oxfordshire  in  11 11 — he  was 
dead  in  1 130,  and  his  brother  John  received  his 
lands.  The  third  brother,  Roger,  settled  in  Sussex, 
and  as  the  most  important  of  the  three,  we  take 
his  pedigree  thus  : — 

Roger = Cicely 
(of  Compton  in  Sussex)  | 

William=01ive  (dau.  of  Count  Stephen  of 
I  Brittany) 

William        Robert       Muriel= Reginald  de  Orval 


Adam  de  Port= Mabel  de  Orval 


William  de  St.  John 

No  reason  is  given  in  the  pedigrees  we  have  seen 
why  the  son  of  de  Port  is  called  de  St.  John,  nor  is 
the  pedigree  continued. 

The  Ports  date  from  Hugh  de  Port,  1086,  of 
Basing  and  Maple  Durwell.  The  Complete  Peerage 
shows  connection  between  the  present  St.  Johns 
of  Bletsho  and  Bolingbroke  and  Sir  Oliver  St. 
John  of  Bletsho,  1437.  If,  as  asserted,  he  de- 
scended from  the  feudal  barons  of  his  name,  his 
own  descendants  can  claim  the  very  rare,  if  not 
unique,  distinction  of  direct  descent  in  the  male 


JANE  MILDMAY  201 

line  from  a  great  Domesday  tenant-in-chief  (Hugh 
de  Port),  but  this  has  not  been  proved,  and  as 
Dr.  Horace  Round  writes  : — "  It  is  greatly  to  be 
wished  that  a  pedigree  so  exceptionally  fine  should 
be  placed  beyond  cavil  by  the  publication  of  the 
proofs." 

Ellis  St.  John  was  presumably  the  builder  of  the 
present  Dogmersfield  house,  for  the  head  of  a 
rainwater  pipe  on  the  north  front  bears  the  initials 
E.S.  and  the  date  1728,  and  he  did  not  die  till 
1729.  The  west  front  was  enlarged,  probably  in 
1744,  for  that  date  is  on  a  rainwater  pipe  on  that 
front. 

The  Rev.  Carew  St.  John-Mildmay  contests 
this,  and  maintains  that  part  of  the  old  palace  of 
the  bishops  was  incorporated  in  the  present  house, 
and  considers  that  if  the  palace  had  been  completely 
destroyed  and  an  entirely  new  house  built,  some 
tradition  of  the  fact  would  have  been  handed 
down.    No  trace  of  such  tradition  can  be  found. 

The  kennels  were  once  150  yards  from  the 
north-east  front  of  the  house,  and  the  iron  hook  on 
which  was  hung  the  meat  for  the  dogs  is  still  to 
be  seen  embedded  in  a  queer  old  twisted  maple. 

There  have  been  three  Protestant  churches  at 
Dogmersfield.  The  first  one  was  quite  close  to 
the  house,  when  built  we  do  not  know,  but  it  was 
pulled  down  in  1803.  The  parish  registers  begin 
in   1695  almost   consecutively  to  the 

present  time.  The  second  church  was  built  not 
much  further  oflF  close  to  the  Home  Farm.  This 


202         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


was  dismantled  in  1 845,  when  the  present  church 
was  erected  close  to  the  village  and  about  mile 
from  the  house. 

In  the  burial  ground  of  this  church  there  is  a 
memorial  to  "  Ann  Taplin  |  formerly  Drimes  |  died 
24  March  1865  |  in  her  102^  year  |  She  was  bap- 
tized I  in  Crondale  Church  |  8  July  1763."  Ann 
Taplin  used  to  state  that  she  could  very  well  re- 
member her  christening,  being  old  enough  to  stand 
up  during  the  ceremony,  and  this,  if  true,  would 
certainly  make  her  more  than  102  years  old  at  her 
death. 

The  extensive  property  of  Lord  Zouche  around 
Odiham  was  purchased  about  1750,  out  of  the 
Court  of  Chancery  by  Sir  Paulet  St.  John,  first 
Baronet,  grandfather  of  Sir  Henry  St.  John-Mild- 
may,  third  Baronet. 

This  property  would  probably  be  more  valuable 
if  Odiham  still  returned  a  Member  to  Parliament, 
as  was  the  case  in  the  far  past,  and  if  the  silk 
manufacture  that  flourished  there  up  to  a  hundred 
years  ago  had  not  died  out. 

An  interesting  piece  of  Mildmay  property  in 
Odiham  is  the  Place  Gate  Farm,  a  corruption  of 
Palace  Gate,  for  here  stood  a  palace,  perhaps  be- 
longing to  the  Crown,  perhaps  to  the  Bishop  of 
Winchester,  but  at  any  rate  visited  by  Queen 
Elizabeth,  as  recorded  by  Nicholls  in  his  Pro- 
gresseSy  and  tradition  has  it  that  the  Queen  while 
still  Princess  Elizabeth  was  sent  here  in  disgrace 
for  being  refractory. 


JANE  MILDMAY  203 

There  are  still  some  remains  of  the  palace  above- 
ground  forming  part  of  the  farm  buildings,  and 
to  a  far  greater  extent  there  are  remains  under- 
ground, such  as  part  of  a  spiral  staircase,  and 
vaulted  rooms  and  passages  that  were  probably 
prisons,  for  two  oubliettes  were  found  having  no 
light,  and  which  are  now  covered  over.  From 
the  palace  there  were  underground  passages,  now 
closed,  one  leading  to  the  neighbouring  priory, 
and  one  that  came  out  in  the  churchyard  close  to 
the  church. 

Dogmersfield  House  preserves  a  memento  of  the 
confinement  of  French  prisoners  at  Odiham  in  the 
shape  of  a  well-executed  model  of  a  French  three- 
masted  man  of  war  with  a  number  of  guns  mounted, 
the  whole  made  out  of  bone  probably  saved  by  the 
prisoners  from  their  meat  rations. 

On  the  south  side  of  the  park  wall  was  a  large 
white  mark  to  which  point  the  French  prisoners  were 
allowed  to  walk  from  Odiham. 

Sir  Henry  St.  John-Mildmay  had  for  a  time 
lands  in  Norwood  Park  in  the  parish  of  St.  John, 
Glastonbury. 

He  also  inherited  Betchworth  in  Surrey  from 
his  aunt,  Judith  Tucker,  in  1794,  and  sold  it  in 
1798.  It  may  here  be  noted  that  the  manuscript 
of  The  Light  of  Nature^  by  Abraham  Tucker,  is  at 
Dogmersfield,  far  the  greater  part,  if  not  the  whole, 
being  in  the  handwriting  of  the  author.  The 
2nd  edition  of  that  work,  1805,  7  vols.,  contains  : — 
"  Some  account  of  the  life  of  the  Author  by  Sir 
Henry  P.  S^  John-Mildmay." 


204         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

Sir  Henry  and  Lady  Mildmay  had  a  house  in 
Winchester  called  Eastgate  House,  with  adjacent 
grounds.  This  four-storeyed  mansion  on  the  west 
side  of  Eastgate  Street  is  depicted  under  the  name 
of  "  Mr.  Penton's  Seat "  in  Godwin's  map  of  the 
city  published  in  1750. 

According  to  the  account,  most  kindly  furnished 
by  Mr.  Thomas  Kirby,  Bursar  of  Winchester 
College,  the  house  was  erected  on  some  part  of 
the  site  of  the  dissolved  priory  of  Black  Friars, 
near  the  east  gate  of  the  City  of  Winchester, 
granted  by  Henry  VIII  to  Winchester  College  in 
1544  in  exchange  for  other  property.  Its  annual 
value  at  the  time  was  20s. 

The  site  of  the  priory,  including  the  prior's 
lodging,  gardens,  and  graveyard,  occupied  about 
2^  acres,  and  may  be  described  roughly  as  bounded 
by  the  Broadway  on  the  south,  by  St.  John's 
Hospital  on  the  west,  by  a  branch  of  the  River 
Itchen  on  the  north,  and  by  Eastgate  Street  on  the 
east. 

It  was  the  practice  of  the  College  to  demise  the 
site  from  time  to  time  on  leases  of  forty  years, 
which  were  renewed  at  first  every  fourteen  years, 
and  afterwards  every  ten  years  on  payment  of  a 
fine  or  premium. 

In  the  reign  of  Charles  II,  Sir  Robert  Mason, 
who  died  in  1685,  was  the  College  tenant,  and 
built  Eastgate  House. 

The  next  lessee  of  importance  was  Henry 
Penton,  Esq.,  Mayor  of  and  M.P.  for  Winchester. 


JANE  MILDMAY  205 

King  George  III  and  Queen  Charlotte  visited  him 
at  Eastgate  House  on  the  28th  September,  1778 
(having  posted  from  Windsor  in  hours),  and 
held  a  levee,  which  was  attended  by  the  Warden 
and  Fellows  of  the  College,  the  Mayor  and 
Corporation,  and  the  principal  gentry  of  the  neigh- 
bourhood. 

The  next  lessee  was  Sir  Henry  St.  John-Mildmay, 
and  after  his  decease  in  1808  the  lease  was  renewed 
in  18 18,  1 828,  and  1838  to  Dame  Jane,  his  widow. 

Eastgate  House  was  taken  down  in  1847, 
shortly  afterwards  a  Mr.  John  Cave,  merchant,  of 
Winchester,  purchased  the  tenancy  of  the  site,  pay- 
ing £joo  down  for  a  lease  of  forty  years  at  the 
ancient  accustomed  rent  of  13s.  4d.,  19  gallons  of 
wheat,  and  76  gallons  of  malt  yearly. 

In  1869  this  lease  was  surrendered,  when  the 
Lion  Brewery  and  twenty-seven  houses  were  built 
on  the  site. 

The  description  of  the  premises  runs  thus  : — 

"  All  that  their  scite  of  a  tenement  and  garden 
with  the  appurtenances  situate  lying  and  being 
within  the  City  of  Winchester  near  the  East  Gate 
of  the  same  City  wherein  Sir  Robert  Mason  hereto- 
fore dwelt  together  with  all  their  scite,  circuit,  and 
precincts  of  the  late  dissolved  house  called  the 
Black  Fryars  situate  lying  and  being  within  the 
said  City  of  Winchester  with  the  orchards,  gardens, 
watercourses,  waters,  feedings,  and  all  buildings 
now  erected  or  to  be  erected  in  the  said  premises 


2o6         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


or  any  of  them,  and  all  and  singular  the  appur- 
tenances thereunto  belonging  and  appertaining. 
All  which  were  formerly  in  the  tenure  or  occupa- 
tion of  the  said  Sir  Robert  Mason,  deceased,  and 
lately  of  Sir  Henry  Paulet  St.  John-Mildmay, 
deceased." 

The  staircase  from  Eastgate  House  is  at  present 
at  Abbot's  Barton,  the  residence  of  Barrow  W. 
Simmonds,  Esq.  It  is  of  carved  and  inlaid  oak, 
of  handsome  design,  and  may  be  attributed  to  Sir 
Christopher  Wren. 

According  to  the  list  very  kindly  made  for  us 
by  Alderman  Stopher  of  Winchester,  the  following 
members  of  the  family  were  Freemen  of  the  City 
of  Winchester  : — 

Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  Kt.,  admitted  17  December, 
1647. 

Carew  Mildmay,  admitted  29  April,  1750. 
Sir  H.  P.  St.  John-Mildmay,  admitted  2  January, 
1798. 

H.  St.  J.C.  St.  John-Mildmay,admitted  22  October, 
1799. 

Paulet  St.  John-Mildmay,  admitted  22  October, 
1799. 

Charles  W.  St.  John-Mildmay,  admitted  2 1  Sep- 
tember, 1 8 10. 

Sir  H.  B.  P.  St.  John-Mildmay,  admitted  21  Sep- 
tember, 1 8 10. 

Sir  H.  P.  St.  John-Mildmay  was  Mayor  of 
Winchester  in  1799,  and  this  accounts  for  his  sons 


JANE  MILDMAY  207 

H.  St.  John  Carew  and  Paulet  being  made  Free- 
men at  the  very  youthful  ages  of  eleven  and  eight 
respectively. 

MEMBERS  OF  PARLIAMENT 

FOR  THE   CITY  OF  WINCHESTER 

Sir  H.  p.  St.  John-Mildmay       .        .  1 802-1 806 
H.  St.  J.  C.  St.  John-Mildmay  .     1807  and  18 12 
Paulet  (called  Powlett  in  list  of  mem- 
bers of  Brooks' Club)  .        .  18 1  8-1837 

FOR  HAMPSHIRE 

Sir  H.  P.  St.  John-Mildmay      .       .  1 807-1 808 

FOR  SOUTHAMPTON 

Humphrey     .  ...  1842 

Earlier  members  of  Parliament  are  mentioned  in 
the  various  biographical  accounts. 

Sir  Henry  and  Lady  Mildmay  had  for  some 
time  a  house  in  Cavendish  Square,  London,  and 
James  Lovelock,  who  when  a  lad  had  been  in  the 
Dogmersfield  stables,  and  who  long  survived  Lady 
Mildmay,  used  to  relate  how  as  one  of  the 
postilions,  he  took  her  Ladyship  in  her  coach  and 
four  to  her  house  in  Cavendish  Square,  and  that  they 
passed  through  what  he  called  the  snipe  ground, 
a  sort  of  dismal  swamp  known  as  the  Five  Fields, 
where  now  stands  Belgrave  Square,  and  late  in  life 
Lady  Mildmay  rented  No.  30  in  that  Square. 

At  six  in  the  morning  of  the  day  the  family 
moved  to  London  a  large  four-horsed  waggon 


2o8         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


started  with  the  luggage,  got  as  far  as  Hounslow 
the  first  day,  delivered  the  baggage  the  next  day 
and  returned  to  Hounslow,  and  came  back  to 
Dogmersfield  the  third  day.  Every  horse  carried 
bells,  two  of  them  four  bells,  and  two  of  them 
three  bells.  These  are  still  preserved  and  hang  in 
a  passage  of  the  house.  The  old  tilt  of  the  waggon 
rests  on  the  rafters  of  the  cart-shed.  When  Sir 
Henry  and  Lady  Mildmay  returned  home  the 
church  bells  rang  a  joyful  peal. 

A  fashionable  place  Sir  Henry  and  Lady  Mild- 
may  patronised  was  Weymouth,  into  which  town 
at  the  proper  season  Lady  Mildmay,  accompanied 
by  some  of  her  children,  drove  in  her  coach  and 
four  with  outriders.  Sir  Henry  arriving  in  equal 
state  the  following  day. 

After  his  marriage  Sir  Henry  expended  con- 
siderable sums  on  the  improvement  of  Dogmers- 
field. The  large  sheet  of  water  in  the  park  called 
the  Tundry  was  made  by  him.  A  rather  smaller 
piece  of  water  known  as  the  Lake  is  in  another 
part  of  the  park,  together  about  44  acres  of  water. 
The  total  acreage  of  the  beautiful  rolling,  well- 
wooded  park  is  about  650  acres,  not  including  the 
water,  but  including  the  neighbouring  woods, 
nearly  1000  acres.  Formerly  there  were  deer  in 
the  park,  for  the  Annual  Register  of  1763  records 
that  a  man,  who  was  engaged  with  others  in  the 
slaying  of  a  deer,  was  accidentally  shot  and  killed. 

(For  views  of  Dogmersfield  see  Country  Lifcy 
27  April,  1 90 1.) 


JANE  MILDMAY  209 

About  three  miles  from  the  house  is  a  small 
river  now  called  the  Whitewater,  formerly  the 
Deepford,  on  which  there  are  fishing  rights  for  a 
considerable  stretch  of  water,  and  the  trout-fishing 
is  remarkably  good.  An  old  flybook  of  Humphrey, 
a  son  of  Sir  Henry,  has  such  entries  as: — "July 
1826,  3  trout  I2|-lbs:,  19  June  1827,  8  trout 
27lbs:,  August  1827,  7  trout  23  lbs:  (hopping 
moth  and  grouse):,  September  1829,  i  trout  5 J  lbs, 
I  of  31^:,"  and  other  similar  entries.  We  wish 
that  when  fishing  that  excellent  water  we  had  been 
provided  with  a  hopping  moth,  but  without  it  we 
have  been  fortunate  enough  to  kill  one  fish  of 

5  lbs.,  and  the  present  owner  has  had  one  of 

6  lbs.  10  oz.  On  the  window-sill  of  the  study  is 
traced  the  outline  of  a  fish  of  9  lbs.;  this  was 
caught  by  Edward  Mildmay.  The  fish  from  this 
stream  are  highly  esteemed,  being  generally  pink 
in  flesh  and  very  firm,  and  Jane  Lady  Mildmay 
would  at  times  send  a  few  to  H.R.H.  the  Prince 
of  Wales. 

Sir  Henry  St.  John-Mildmay  being  a  man  of 
culture  and  fond  of  books  added  largely  to  the 
Dogmersfield  library  in  which  were  many  rare, 
curious,  and  beautifully  illustrated  books,  several 
having  the  book-plate  of  Charles  Mildmay,  Lord 
Fitzwalter,  1701.  The  most  valuable  portion  of 
the  library  was  sold  by  auction  by  Messrs.  Sotheby 
and  Hodge,  in  April,  1907. 

Sir  Henry  seems  to  have  played  his  part  in 
organising  troops  for  the  defence  of  the  country, 
p 


2IO         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


for  the  present  writer  purchased  an  interesting 
medal  commemorating  this.  It  is  an  oval  silver 
medal  with  loop  at  top  and  rope-pattern  border. 
The  medal  measures  ij^^  'm.y  the  border 

is  l^in.  wide,  the  loop  f  in.x|in.  On  the  ob- 
verse: Laurel  wreath  round  outside  edge,  then 
"To  Colonel  Sir  H.  St  John  Mildmay";  centre: 
the  Mildmay  lion  ;  underneath  it  "  For  Services." 
Reverse:  "Hampshire  Volunteers"  round  three 
parts  of  outside  edge  ;  at  bottom  of  oval  "  Dog- 
mersfield  "  ;  centre  a  group  of  flags  and  a  cannon 
lying  on  the  ground ;  above  them  "  G.R."  within 
a  laurel  wreath,  and  underneath  "  1804." 

Official  list  published  by  War  Office,  ist  October, 
1804. 

Dogmersfield  Cavalry. 

Captain  H.  P.  St.  John-Mildmay,  Bart.,  8  August, 
1803. 

Cornet  H.  C.  St.  John-Mildmay,  4  October, 
1803. 

Sir  Henry  commanded  but  is  only  gazetted  as 
Captain. 

Judging  by  his  recorded  speeches  in  Parliament, 
Sir  Henry  was  a  clear  and  logical  speaker.  He 
had  occasion  in  1807  to  vigorously  defend  in  the 
House  the  arrangement  made  with  Government 
concerning  Moulsham,  in  Essex,  belonging  to  his 
wife. 

He  said  there  was  a  condition  requiring  his 
residence  at  the  mansion  for  three  months  in  every 
year,  and  he  did  so  reside  there  for  six  or  seven 


I 


JANE  MILDMAY  211 

years,  till  in  1803  it  was  found  necessary  to  throw 
up  military  works  within  400  yards  of  his  house. 
The  works  were  commenced,  and  what  with  the 
multitude  employed  on  them,  amounting  to  1500 
men,  and  the  numbers  brought  to  that  part  of 
Essex  by  the  fear  of  invasion,  which  then  prevailed, 
the  neighbourhood  assumed  the  appearance  of  an 
entrenched  camp,  all  his  outdoor  property  became 
endangered,  his  family  alarmed,  and  he  himself  so 
inconvenienced  that  he  obtained  from  Government 
relief  by  Act  from  the  necessity  of  residing  there, 
and  compensation  to  be  given  him  for  the  house 
and  twenty  acres  of  pleasure  grounds  at  the  rate  of 
^400  a  year.  He  might  mention  that  about 
eighty  years  ago  the  house  had  cost  ^^70,000  in 
building ;  there  were  over  fourteen  rooms  on  a  floor, 
one  being  sixty  feet  long;  it  was  expensively  fur- 
nished; the  estate  was  worth  ^11,000  a  year;  and 
he  would  like  to  know  what  gentleman  would 
think  £4.00  a  year  compensation  for  being  turned 
out  of  such  a  place. 

Sir  Henry  eventually  got  j^i,300  for  one  year, 
£600  for  subsequent  years  for  so  long  as  the  land 
was  occupied  by  His  Majesty. 

The  military  works  thrown  up  at  Moulsham 
were  part  of  the  Chelmsford  lines  constructed  by 
J.  T.  Jones,  afterwards  a  Major-General,  and 
builder  of  the  famous  earthworks  at  Torres  Vedras. 

Moulsham  Hall  was  never  reoccupied  and  was 
pulled  down  in  18 16.  Most  of  the  pictures  were 
removed  to  Dogmersfield,  and  the  red  cloth  hang- 


212         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


ings  with  large  wide  chairs  en  suite  from  the  state 
bedroom  are  now  in  the  drawing-room  of  that 
house. 

The  stone  Fitzwalter  coat  of  arms  from  the 
pediment  of  Moulsham  is  now  (1907)  fixed  in  the 
wall  of  a  motor  garage  at  Brentford,  owned  by 
Messrs.  Johnson.  It  is  twelve  feet  long  and  six  feet 
high,  the  crest  missing.  All  in  good  condition  save 
the  nose  of  the  dexter  lion  supporter. 

Blazon  of  the  Arms. 

Quarterly  of  six,  three  and  three  : — 

1.  Argent,   three   lions    rampant    azure,  for 

Mildmay. 

2.  Argent,  a  bend  engrailed  sable,  for  Radcliff. 

3.  Or,  a  fess  between  two  chevrons  gules,  for 

Fitzwalter. 

4.  Argent,  a  lion  rampant  sable,  crowned  or,  a 

bordure  azure,  for  Burnell. 

5.  Or,  a  saltire  engrailed  sable,  for  Bottetort. 

6.  Argent,  three  bars  gules,  for  Milton. 

On  inescutcheon  quarterly  : — 

1  and  4,  Argent,  an  inescutcheon  sable,  over  all 
an  escarbuncle,  for  Schomberg. 

2  and  3,  gules  six  escutcheons,  3,  2,  and  i, 
argent,  for  Schomberg. 

Supporters  : — 

Dexter,  a  lion  guardant. 
Sinister,  a  lion  reguardant. 


JANE  MILDMAY  213 


Motto  : — 
Alia  Ta  Hara. 

Sir  Henry  had  trouble  over  the  oyster  fishery  in 
the  Crouch  River  that  flowed  by  his  wife's  estate  of 
Burnham,  Essex,  to  which  everyone  thought  they 
had  a  right.  In  January,  1808,  a  notice  was  posted 
threatening  penalties  on  the  Corps  of  Sea  Fencibles 
if  they  tumultuously  assembled  on  the  Crouch  or 
Burnham  River  for  the  purpose  of  taking  away  the 
oysters  laid  on  the  grounds  of  Sir  Henry  Mildmay. 
A  case  was  tried  9  March,  1808,  at  the  Essex 
Assizes.  Records  of  trials  in  the  reigns  of  Charles  I 
and  Charles  II  were  produced,  which  clearly  proved 
the  right  (of  exclusive  oyster  fishery)  to  be  vested 
in  the  family  of  the  Earls  of  Sussex,  ancestors  of 
the  Mildmay  family.  This  same  was  also  proved 
by  other  documents,  and  the  jury  found  a  verdict 
for  the  Baronet  against  those  persons  who  main- 
tained that  the  river  in  question  being  an  arm  of 
the  sea  could  not  belong  to  the  manor  of  Burnham. 

This  was  undoubtedly  right,  for  an  indenture  of 
20  December,  22  Elizabeth  (i  580),  of  Thomas,  Earl 
of  Sussex  deals  with  Burnham  Manor  amongst  other 
property,  and  after  mentioning  several  heirs,  settles 
the  manor  on  Lady  Frances  RatclifF,  wife  of  Sir 
Thomas  Mildmay  of  Moulsham,  and  from  him  it 
has  descended  to  its  present  owner,  Major  Sir  H. 
St.  J.  Mildmay. 

Sir  Henry  and  Lady  Mildmay  had  sixteen 
children  ;  they  are  recorded  in  a  Bible  of  the  date  of 


214         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

1 74 1,  that  is,  at  Dogmersfield.    On  the  cover  is 
stamped  "Ellis  St.  John.  1742." 
The  children  recorded  are: — 

(1)  Henry  St.  John  Carew  (born  16  April,  1787). 

(2)  Jane  Dorothea. 

(3)  Son  (lived  only  one  day). 

(4  &  5)  Maria  and  Judith  Anne  (twins). 

(6)  Paulet. 

(7)  George  William. 

(8)  Charles  William. 

(9)  Humphrey. 

(10)  John  Francis. 

(11)  Edward. 

(12)  Walter. 

(13)  Carew  Anthony. 

(14)  Augustus  Tucker. 

(15)  Letitia. 

(16)  Hugo  Cornewall  (born  at  Eastgate  House). 

All  the  diseases  of  the  children  are  noted  in  the 
Bible,  and  everyone  up  to  Walter  is  stated  to  have 
had  the  smallpox,  he  and  the  subsequent  ones  as 
having  the  vaccine  disease. 

The  Observer  of  November,  1 804,  says  : — "  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay  is  said  to  have  one  of  the  most 
interesting  families  in  England.  It  consists  of  ten 
sons  and  five  daughters,  the  eldest  seventeen  and 
the  youngest  12  months.  They  are  all  very 
handsome  and  bear  a  strong  resemblance  to  each 
other." 

A  pleasing  little  notice,  but  wrong  in  one  point. 


JANE  MILDMAY  215 

for  in  November,  1804,  there  were  only  nine  sons, 
one  having  died  and  Hugo  not  yet  born. 

The  marriages,  etc.,  of  all  these  sons  and  daugh- 
ters can  easily  be  learnt  from  any  Baronetage. 

As  before  stated,  Henry  the  eldest,  Paulet  the 
third,  and  Humphrey  the  sixth  son  were  in  Parlia- 
ment, and  Paulet  appears  in  the  large  picture  of  the 
first  reformed  Parliament,  5  February,  1833, 
painted  by  Sir  Geo.  Hayter,  and  now  in  the 
National  Portrait  Gallery.  Paulet  was  member  for 
Winchester,  and  is  at  the  back  under  the  gallery. 
He  previously  served  in  the  Army,  being  gazetted 
to  the  Coldstream  Guards  14  May,  1807,  promoted 
Lieutenant  3  October,  18  11,  and  retiring  in  18  12. 

"  George  William  "  entered  the  Navy  as  first-class 
Volunteer  on  the  Ardent^  64,  on  the  14th  Septem- 
ber, 1803,  and  on  28  November  was  present  as 
Midshipman  at  the  destruction  of  the  French 
frigate.  La  Bayonnaise^  of  32  guns  and  300  men. 
He  then  served  in  several  ships,  became  Lieutenant 
19  May,  18 12,  appointed  to  Leander^  50,  Captain 
Sir  George  Collier,  and  saw  much  active  service  on 
the  coast  of  America.  Later,  when  in  the  IVasp^ 
18,  he  assisted  in  the  capture  of  the  Venezuelan 
sloop-of-war.  El  Libertador,  In  1821  he  joined  the 
Iphigenia^  42,  and  in  command  of  the  boats  of  that 
ship  and  those  of  the  Myrmidon  won  distinction  by 
the  gallant  manner  in  which,  overcoming  desperate 
resistance,  he  effected  off  the  River  Bonny  the 
capture  of  five  vessels  having  on  board  one  thousand 
eight  hundred  negroes.    For  this  he  was  promoted 


2i6         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Commander  in  1822.  Became  Post-Captain  in 
1828,  and  from  April,  1835,  ^^^^  P^^^ 
of  1838,  commanded  on  the  home  station  the 
Magicienne^  of  24  guns.  While  in  command 
of  this  last  ship  he  took  her  in  a  heavy  gale 
of  wind,  under  close-reefed  main  and  fore  sails,  into 
the  Tagus  River,  where  no  other  ship  of  the 
squadron  could  manage  to  follow  her.  A  picture 
representing  this  incident  is  in  the  possession  of 
his  son,  the  writer  of  this  memoir,  who  also  owns 
and  uses  as  a  counterpane  a  long  blue  coverlet,  with 
white  design  in  it,  made  of  native  African  cotton, 
and  given  by  the  King  of  Bonny  to  Lieutenant 
Mildmay  in  1821. 

"  Humphrey "  joined  the  Coldstream  Guards  9 
September,  1813  ;  promoted  Captain  16  August, 
1821  ;  transferred  to  the  35th  Foot  25  December, 
1823  ;  and  placed  on  half-pay  as  Captain  4th 
February,  1824,  from  the  95th  Regiment,  which 
regiment  he  never  joined.  He  served  for  a  short 
time  in  the  Peninsular  War,  and  this  is  recorded  on 
the  tablet  erected  to  his  memory.  He  made  one  of 
the  few  rich  marriages  of  the  family  when  he 
married  in  1823  Anne  Eugenia  Baring,  which  gave 
him  an  entry  into  the  great  Baring  house,  and  in 
1828  he  was  a  Governor  of  the  Bank  of  England. 

"  John  Francis  "  joined  the  Navy  as  first-class 
Volunteer,  21  April,  1809,  served  in  the  Blake^ 
Endymion^  Antelope^  Brazen^  Sybille^  and  Carnation. 
Promoted  Lieutenant  20  September,  18 15,  and 
Commander  25  November,  1822.     He  was  killed 


CMTAIN   C.Kt^Kt.K  \V.  ST.    )OI  I  N  -  M  I  I  1  >  M  A  V .  K.N. 

/)•(  >;  wir 


EDWARD  ST,  JOHN-M 11, i;M AY 


JANE  MILDMAY  217 

in  the  streets  of  Kingston-on-Thames  by  being 
thrown  out  of  his  gig  when  in  pursuit  of  another 
gig.  It  is  sometimes  said  that  he  is  portrayed  in 
Capt.  Marryat's  novel,  Frank  Mildmay^  or  the  Naval 
Officer, 

"Edward"  was  appointed  Cornet  in  the  22nd 
Light  Dragoons,  18  July,  18 16,  with  which 
regiment  he  served  in  India  ;  promoted  Lieutenant 
2  October,  1819  ;  placed  on  half-pay  25  September, 
1820  ;  promoted  Captain  2  June,  1825  ;  and  joined 
the  loth  Foot  8  June,  1826.  Retired  on  half-pay 
8  June,  1830. 

"  Charles  William  "  and  "  Carew  Anthony  "  were 
in  Holy  Orders.  The  latter  was  Rector  of  Chelms- 
ford from  1827  to  1878,  and  became  Archdeacon  of 
Essex.  He  placed  a  brass  memorial  tablet  in 
Chelmsford  Church  recording  the  names  of  forty 
Mildmays  buried  there  or  in  the  precincts.  In 
1 8 14,  Carew  recited  in  the  Sheldonian  Theatre, 
Oxford,  his  own  Greek  verses  giving  an  account  of 
a  visit  of  the  Prince  Regent  to  the  University  of 
Oxford. 

The  Baronetcy  belonged  to  the  St.  John  family, 
being  granted  9  October,  1772,  and  Sir  Henry  P. 
St.  John-Mildmay,  who  was  the  third  Baronet,  died 
of  atrophy  in  1808  at  the  early  age  of  forty-four. 
Buried  at  Dogsmerfield,  21  November. 

In  the  Athenaeum  for  i  December,  1808,  there 
is  an  obituary  notice. 

"  Died,  at  Bath,  aged  44,  Sir  Henry  Paulet  St. 
John-Mildmay   of  D^-zgmersfield   \sic\    Park,  in 


2i8         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Hampshire,  Bart.  He  was  the  grandson  of  Sir 
Paulet  St.  John  who  was  created  a  Baronet  in  1772, 
and  died  in  1780,  at  the  age  of  76  : — A  downright 
country  Squire,  supposed  to  be  the  original  from 
which  Henry  Fielding  sketched  the*  Squire  Western' 
of  Tom  Jones.  His  son.  Sir  Henry  St.  John,  sat 
in  Parliament  for  the  County,  having  come  in 
principally  through  the  interest  of  the  late  Duke  of 
Chandos,  who  wished  to  get  his  interest  at  Win- 
chester and  succeeded.  He  died  in  1784,  at  the 
age  of  47,  leaving  his  successor,  the  late  Sir  Henry, 
an  estate  heavily  encumbered  in  consequence  of  the 
expensive  habits  of  its  former  possessors.  His  son. 
Sir  Henry,  the  subject  of  this  article,  was  born  in 
1764,  and  received  the  rudiments  of  education 
under  Mr.  Gilpin  at  Cheam,  from  whence  he  was 
removed  to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  where 
being  of  quick  parts  he  was  esteemed  a  respectable 
scholar.  In  1786  he  married  Jane,  eldest  daughter 
and  coheiress  of  Carew  Mildmay  of  Shawford 
House,  Esqre.  (a  granddaughter  of  his  ancestor 
Sir  Pauleys  last  wife)  and  took  her  family  name. 
Her  fortune  was  at  first  moderate,  but  in  con- 
sequence of  a  series  of  bequests  from  her  family  con- 
nections he  at  length  became  possessed  of  immense 
property.  Not  less  than  ;^2o,ooo  a  year.  He  first 
came  into  Parliament  for  Westbury  in  Wiltshire  in 
1 796,  but  having  retrieved  the  antient  family  interest 
in  Winchester,  he  was  returned  for  that  city  in  1 802 
without  opposition,  and  continued  to  represent  it 
till  the  General  Election  in  1807,  when,  through 


JANE  MILDMAY  219 

the  ministerial  influence  he  was  elected  a  member 
for  Hampshire,  and  by  his  death  there  is  now  a 
vacancy  in  the  representation  of  that  county.  In 
parliament  (except  in  one  or  two  instances)  he  was 
a  steady  supporter  of  the  administration,  but  it  has 
been  alleged,  that  his  reason  for  taking  part  at  all 
times  with  the  Servants  of  the  Crown,  was  the 
ambition  of  obtaining  a  seat  in  the  Upper  House. 
Mr.  Pitt,  though  sufliciently  profuse  of  it  to  others, 
turned  a  deaf  ear  to  all  his  solicitations  for  this 
honour,  but  the  present  administration  seem  to 
have  paid  attention  to  his  wishes,  for  it  has  lately 
been  reported  in  the  county  that  he  had  obtained  a 
promise  of  being  included  in  the  next  batch.  His 
public  avocations  did  not  occupy  the  whole  of  his 
attention  for  in  1802  we  find  him  accompanying 
Mr.  Nield  in  his  visits  to  the  various  gaols  of  the 
metropolis;  and  in  1805  he  published  a  second 
edition  in  seven  vols.  8vo,  of  *  The  Light  of  Nature 
Pursued,  by  Abraham  Tucker  Esqre,'  to  which  he 
added  *  Some  account  of  the  Author,'  by  himself 
He  generally  resided  at  D<:7gmersfield  [sic]  Park, 
where  his  establishment  was  so  splendid,  and  his 
hospitalities  so  expensive,  that  his  income,  large  as 
it  was,  could  not  prevent  his  being  sometimes 
embarrassed.  To  the  poor  in  his  neighbourhood  he 
frequently  made  large  donations,  and  by  them  in 
particular  his  loss  will  be  regretted.  Besides  his 
eldest  son,  now  Sir  Henry  Carew  Mildmay,  one  of 
the  members  for  Winchester,  he  has  left  a  widow 
and  fourteen  children." 


220         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


As  this  notice  makes  no  mention  of  a  serious 
mishap  to  the  subject  of  it,  one  may  be  inclined  to 
doubt  the  absolute  correctness  of  the  statement  in 
the  Annual  Register  for  December,  1797,  that  Sir 
Henry  Mildmay  attempted  to  caress  a  vicious 
horse  named  Telegraph  that  he  had  been  riding, 
and  that  the  horse  instantly  seized  his  right  hand 
in  its  mouth  and  crushed  it  so  badly  that  all  the 
fingers  had  to  be  amputated. 

There  is  a  fine  portrait  of  Sir  Henry,  by 
Romney,  at  Dogmersfield,  for  which  Sir  Henry 
gave  the  following  sittings:  In  1783  nine,  in  1784 
five,  and  in  1785  one.  The  artist  was  paid  ^42 
for  the  picture  by  Sir  Henry's  aunt.  Miss  Judith 
Tucker. 

There  is  also  a  picture  in  the  Guildhall  at 
Winchester,  dated  1808,  and  labelled  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay,  but  it  certainly  is  not  a  likeness  of  him, 
and  probably  represents  his  grandfather  Paulet  St. 
John,  Esq.,  once  M.P.  for  Winchester. 

Sir  Henry  was  succeeded  in  the  Baronetcy  by 
his  eldest  son,  Henry  St.  John  Carew  St.  John- 
Mildmay. 

The  estates  remained  mainly  in  the  possession 
of  Jane  Lady  St.  John-Mildmay.  Creevy  in  his 
MemoirSy  writing  in  18 14,  mentions  a  rumour  that 
Jane  Lady  Mildmay,  then  a  handsome  widow,  was 
to  marry  Lord  Folkestone,  and  her  son.  Sir  Henry, 
Miss  Thayer. 

Lord  Folkestone  later  became  the  husband  of 
Lady  Mildmay's  daughter,  Judith  Anne. 


JANK,  LADY  ST.  |01 1  X  -  M  1 1. 1 )  M  A  V ,   Willi   IIKR  SKVKNTII  SON  KDWAKD 
By  fieriitission  of  Messrs.  /'.  iDui  P.  Cohint;hi  &~  0/uu  h 


JANE  MILDMAY  221 

Lady  Mildmay  was  well-known  in  society  and 
had  many  friends  among  distinguished  people. 
Unfortunately  her  letters  do  not  seem  to  have  been 
preserved,  and  we  have  been  able  to  discover  but 
four  or  five  not  of  any  great  importance. 

A  letter  from  King  William  IV,  when  Duke  of 
Clarence,  refers  to  her  son,  John  Francis. 

"  Admiralty,  Saturday  Night. 

"  Dear  Madam 

"  In  answer  to  your  Ladyship's  letter  of 
this  day,  I  can  assure  the  excellent  and  elegant 
mother  of  Commander  Mildmay  that  I  shall  have 
sincere  pleasure  in  promoting  this  young  officer  the 
moment  I  can  with  propriety,  and  I  ever  remain 
"  Dear  Madam,  yours  most  truly 

"  WILLIAM." 

"  Excellent  and  elegant "  is  a  sweetly  quaint 
phrase. 

The  Rt.  Honble.  George  Canning  writes : — 

"F.O.,  Dec.  14,  1825. 

"Dear  Lady  Mildmay 

"  I  am  afraid  the  fates  are  against  our  visit 
to  Dogmersfield  this  year.  For  first,  the  King  has 
got  a  fit  of  the  gout  which  puts  off  a  Council  that 
was  to  be  held  to-morrow,  and  an  audience  that 
was  fixed  for  Friday,  for  the  present  indefinitely, 
but  (according  to  the  report  of  His  Majesty's 
Physicians)  in  all  probability  till  the  middle  of 


THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


next  week.  I  must  attend  both  the  Council  and 
the  Audience  (which  is  that  of  one  of  my  Foreign 
Flock  to  take  leave  of  the  King)  and  I  can  not 
therefore  be  out  of  the  way  till  they  are  over. 
Secondly  (though  the  first  impediment  is  I  fear 
sufficient)  I  received  yesterday  a  letter  from  my 
son  William  announcing  his  arrival  at  Plymouth 
from  Halifax,  where  his  ship  has  been  pronounced 
unfit  to  keep  the  sea,  and  he  is  sent  home  with  his 
officers  and  crew  to  look  for  another.  I  do  not 
yet  know  how  the  Admiralty  mean  to  dispose  of 
him,  nor  whether  he  will  be  allowed  to  come  up  to 
town,  nor  when.  This  last  matter  I  would  have 
tried  to  manage  somehow  or  other,  if  the  former 
had  not  chained  me  to  London.  I  ought  perhaps 
to  have  written  to  you  yesterday,  but  I  waited  for 
Friday*s  report  from  Windsor  in  the  hope  that  the 
attack  of  gout  might  pass  off — on  the  contrary  it 
grows  worse.  I  think  therefore  dear  Lady  Mild- 
may  it  is  but  fair  to  release  you  from  any  uncertainty 
about  us  and  to  beg  you  to  allow  us  to  defer  our 
visit  to  a  more  propitious  season. 

"Believe  me,  dear  Lady  Mildmay 

"  Very  sincerely  and  faithfully  yours 

"GEO:  CANNING. 

"  I  hope  your  son  is  getting  better,  he  is  'a good 
boy.'" 

Canning's  fondness  for  a  rhyme  is  well  known. 
On  the  occasion  of  one  visit  to  Dogmersfield,  he 


JANE  MILDMAY  223 

said,  on  arriving  at  the  house,  that  when  driving 
through  the  park  he  noticed  a  perfectly  turned  out 
cart  and  horse,  stopped,  and  said  to  the  driver: — 
"  To  whom  belong  that  beautiful  horse  and  cart," 
and  the  man  replied: — "To  Sir  Henry  St.  John- 
Mildmay,  Bart." 

A  letter  from  the  Duke  of  Wellington  of 
6  January,  1834,  is  only  an  invitation  to  Lady  Mild- 
may  to  dine  at  Strathfieldsaye  to  meet  H.R.H  the 
Duke  of  Gloucester. 

The  Rev.  Sydney  Smith  was  a  very  intimate 
friend  of  the  family,  and  he  writes:  — 

''March,  1845. 

"  My  dear  Lady  Mildmay 

Many  thanks  for  your  kind  presents  of 
game  which  I  thank  you  for  myself  that  I  may  tell 
you  I  am  better :  I  have  had  a  very  long  and 
severe  illness,  but  am  inclined  to  think  I  shall  get 
over  it.  Severe  indigestion,  breathlessness,  and 
general  languor  are  the  evils  under  which  I  have 
suffered,  and  am  now  in  a  lesser  degree  suffering. 
Nothing  can  exceed  the  skill  and  kind  attention  of 
Dr.  Holland.  I  hope  dear  Lady  Mildmay  you  are 
exerting  yourself  and  bearing  up  bravely  against 
your  misfortune,  the  extent  of  which  nobody  can 
appreciate  better  than  myself.  I  meant  to  have 
proposed  myself  to  you  for  a  day  or  two  this 
Autumn,  but  in  my  present  state  it  is  wholly  out 
of  the  question.  I  hope  you  will  come  to  town  in 
the  proper  season.    I  think  a  little  variety  will  do 


224         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

you  good.  In  me  you  will  find  no  variety  but  the 
same  affectionate  regard  to  the  end  of  your  days 
and  mme.  SYDNEY  SMITH." 

The  misfortune  to  which  reference  is  made  in 
the  above  letter  may  have  been  the  death  in  the 
autumn  of  1844  of  Letitia,  Lady  Mildmay's 
youngest  daughter,  for  she  was  a  great  favourite  of 
the  Rev.  Sydney  Smith. 

In  the  Memoirs  of  Thomas  Moore^  vol.  iii.  page  247, 
is  stated  : — "Went  to  Lady  Mildmay  for  the  MS. 
of  Byron  I  had  lent  her  to  read  ;  sat  some  time 
with  her.  Mentioned  how  much  she  felt  afraid  of 
Lord  Byron  when  she  used  to  meet  him  in  society 
in  London  ;  and  that  once  when  he  spoke  to  her 
in  a  doorway  her  heart  beat  so  violently  she  could 
hardly  answer  him.  She  said  it  was  not  only  awe 
of  his  great  talents  but  the  peculiarity  of  a  sort  of 
tender  look  he  used  to  give  that  produced  this 
effect  on  her." 

In  Lady  Granville's  letter,  one  of  the  1 2th  April, 
1 8 10,  to  Lord  Hartington,  mentions: — "There 
are  shoals  of  Miss  Mildmays  and  the  good-natured 
Dowager  quite  like  a  hen." 

Lady  Mildmay  all  through  her  long  life  retained 
in  a  remarkable  degree  her  mental  and  bodily 
vigour.  She  never  had  a  serious  illness,  did  not 
become  deaf,  or  lose  her  memory  or  her  teeth,  and 
to  the  last  sat  upright  in  an  uneasy  chair  working 
with  her  needle,  or  reading  without  the  aid  of 
spectacles. 


LADY  ST.  JOHN  MILDMAY 
From  a  sketch  by  liarlowc 


i 


JANE  MILDMAY  225 

Her  death  when  over  ninety-two  years  of  age 
may  be  truly  described  as  "  falling  asleep."  It 
occurred  in  London  on  the  6th  May,  1857,  and 
she  was  buried  at  Dogmersfield.  In  1878  a  stained 
glass  east  window  was  placed  in  St.  Mary's  Church, 
Chelmsford,  to  her  memory. 

A  notice  of  her  death  in  a  Hampshire  paper 
published  at  Winchester  says  : — "In  our  obituary 
for  the  present  week  is  recorded  the  name  of  the 
venerable  and  deeply  lamented  Dowager  Lady 
Mildmay,  whose  periodical  residence  at  her  mansion 
in  this  city,  with  her  family,  several  years  ago,  will 
be  remembered,  when  her  hospitalities  were  for  a 
series  of  years  liberally  extended  towards  her  friends, 
and  many  of  the  poorer  inhabitants  were  constant 
recipients  of  her  unostentatious  bounty  at  Eastgate 
House.  Of  this  amiable  Lady  may  be  truly  said, 
that  spared  by  Divine  Providence  long  beyond  the 
limit  allotted  to  human  existence  in  this  world,  her 
whole  life,  from  early  maturity,  has  been  one  un- 
varied course  of  kindness  and  affection  to  all  the 
members  of  her  numerous  family,  and  towards  the 
aged,  infirm,  and  necessitous  her  charities  have  been 
unbounded."  ' 

A  present  Alderman  of  Winchester,  1906,  now 
well  advanced  in  years,  told  us  he  well  remembered 
Lady  Mildmay  driving  about  the  town,  calling  at 
the  houses  of  all  classes  of  the  community,  and 
that  she  always  remembered  every  member  of  a 
family,  asking  particularly  after  each  one. 

Lady  Mildmay's  eldest  son,  Henry  St.  John 
Q 


226         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Carew  St.  John-Mildmay,  at  the  early  age  of  nine- 
teen, was  one  of  Lord  Hutchinson^s  secret  mission 
to  Berlin,  and  General  Sir  Robert  Wilson  in  his 
diary  records  : — "  Memel  22  June  1807  arrived  at 
Memel  and  here  found  all  our  old  Society  increased 
by  Lord  Leveson  Gower,  Mr.  Mildmay  a  son  of 
Sir  Henry  &c." 

On  several  occasions  the  General  refers  to  being 
in  Mildmay's  company,  and  Mildmay  was  evidently 
well  provided,  for  he  took  the  General  in  his 
barouche  from  Memel  to  visit  friends  in  the  Army. 

Disguised  in  his  servant^s  clothes,  he  accom- 
panied General  Wilson  on  a  dangerous  journey 
towards  Tilsit,  and  afterwards,  both  dressed  as 
Cossacks  by  Platow,  entered  the  town  to  interview 
Woronzow. 

On  15  July  Mildmay  with  several  others  left 
Memel  for  St.  Petersburg,  after  failing  in  several 
previous  attempts. 

Henry  Mildmay  succeeded  to  the  Baronetcy  on 
the  death  of  his  father  in  1808,  and  married,  in 
1809,  Charlotte  Bouverie,  by  whom  he  had  one 
son. 

Lady  Granville,  in  a  letter  of  12  April,  18 10, 
says  : — "  Sir  Henry  and  his  wife  go  about  in  atti- 
tudes, but  they  match  so  well  and  look  so  well  that 
one  forgives  them  for  it.'' 

A  portrait  at  Dogmersfield  by  Sandars  of  Sir 
Henry  St.  John  Carew  St.  John-Mildmay  clearly 
shows  the  beauty  for  which,  according  to  the 
Observer  of  1804,  the  family  was  remarkable. 


JANE  MILDMAY  227 

Still  more  clearly  does  this  appear  in  a  coloured 
drawing  by  Richard  Cosway  of  Sir  Henry  in  fancy 
dress,  now  at  Hollam. 

Sir  Henry's  handsome  wife  died  in  18 10  after 
one  year,  less  two  days,  of  married  life. 

Creevy  in  his  Memoirs  mentions  that  at  a  Dandy 
ball  in  181 1,  the  Regent,  who  was  present,  sent  a 
message  to  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  saying  that  he 
wished  to  speak  to  him,  who  replied  that  it  must 
be  a  mistake,  because  His  Royal  Highness  had 
seen  him  and  taken  no  notice  of  him. 

Watier's,  in  Bolton  Street,  was  called  the  Dandy 
Club,  and  Jesse  in  his  Life  of  Beau  "Brummell  says 
that  Lord  Byron  spoke  of  Lord  Alvanley,  Brum- 
mell.  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  and  Mr.  Pierpoint,  as 
the  four  chiefs.  Jesse  relates  that  these  four 
gentlemen  gave  a  fancy  ball  in  July,  18 13.  The 
Prince  of  Wales  had  quarrelled  with  Brummell 
and  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  but  after  considerable 
discussion  he  was  invited  to  the  ball  by  all  four 
gentlemen.  On  arriving,  he  showed  the  feeling  he 
still  entertained  by  making  a  stately  bow  to  Lord 
Alvanley  and  Mr.  Pierpoint,  and  taking  no  notice 
whatever  of  Brummell  or  Sir  Henry  Mildmay. 

Evidently  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay  could  not  agree. 

In  the  History  of  Whites  Club  there  appears 
amongst  the  recorded  bets  : — 

"Dec:  12,  1 8 12.  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  bets 
M*"  Brodrick  100  Guineas  to  ten  that  Bonaparte 
returns  to  Paris  as  Emperor. 


228         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


"  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  bets  General  Grosvenor 
lOO  Guineas  to  ten  that  Bonaparte  gets  safe  back 
to  Paris  during  or  at  the  close  of  the  Russian 
campaign." 

In  1815  Sir  Henry  married  at  Wurtemberg  his 
deceased  wife's  sister,  Harriet,  and  by  her  had 
three  sons — Edmond,  Horace,  and  Augustus  Fitz- 
walter.  She  died  aged  thirty-four,  on  the  9th 
December,  1834,  and  was  buried  at  Milan. 

She  was  a  married  woman  at  the  time  she  went 
away  with  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  and  this  caused  a 
trial,  not  for  divorce,  for  the  case  was  undefended, 
but  to  assess  the  damages,  when  the  jury  gave  the 
large  sum  of  15,000,  the  highest  damages  ever 
given  in  a  case  of  crim.  con. 

Lady  Granville  in  a  letter  from  Paris  of  20  April, 
1824,  says,  when  describing  people  at  the  opera, 
that  in  one  box  was : — "  Lady  Mildmay  beautiful 
as  ever  but  cut  in  brass." 

In  another  letter  of  December  of  the  same  year 
she  writes: — "They  (the  French  people)  will 
scarcely  look  at  an  English  man  or  woman  out  of 
their  own  peculiar  set,  will  not  admit  a  French 
one  who  is  not  a  la  mode,  but  whom  does  one 
find  intimes,  suivis,  Et  presque  adores.  Lady 
Aldborough,  Young  Broadwood,  and  Sir  Henry 
Mildmay."    No  mention  of  Lady  Mildmay. 

Lord  William  Lennox  says  of  Sir  Henry  Mild- 
may that  he  was: — "A  high  bred  gentleman, 
full  of  information,  with  only  a  slight  tinge  of 
puppyism." 


SlU    IIK.NKY  ST.  JOHN   C  AKKU  JOII.N  MllDM.W 

Front  colotired  draiving  by  R.  Cos'way 


JANE  MILDMAY  229 

Lord  Lamington  writes  in  the  Days  of  the 
Dandies: — "I  will  take  men  I  have  personally 
known,  Count  d'Orsay,  Lord  Cantelupe,  Lord 
Chesterfield,  Lord  Alvanley,  Sir  George  Womb- 
well,  Sir  Henry  Mildmay,  Ridley  Colborne,  and 
others.  They  were  all  men  of  excellent  accom- 
plishments, and  dress  was  the  least  part  of  their 
merit ;  they  understood  the  value 

of  employing 
Some  hours  to  make  the  remnant  worth  enjoying. 

They  were  always  welcome  guests,  not  only  in 
fashionable  but  in  grave  political  circles." 

It  seems  evident,  therefore,  that  Sir  Henry  was 
a  man  of  very  good  natural  abilities,  and  that  he 
had  improved  himself  intellectually.  That  he  did 
not  show  to  better  advantage  and  establish  an 
influential  position  was  no  doubt  due  to  his  being 
too  well  endowed  with  good  looks  and  money,  and 
to  the  habits,  manners,  and  customs  of  the  social 
life  of  his  period. 

Gay  and  interesting  as  was  Sir  Henry's  life  he 
was  not  always  cheerful,  and  in  a  letter  from 
1 1  Belgrave  Street  to  Miss  Pigot,  a  constant  corre- 
spondent, he  writes  : — 

"  How  gloomy  everything  is  to-day  and  this 
is  merry  England  !  It  is  an  atmosphere  to  suggest 
Prussic  acid  or  a  pan  of  charcoal,  and  blue  devils 
are  hopping  about  in  every  direction,  and  life  is 
hardly  endurable,  even  with  a  sentimental  attach- 
ment, topp'd  up  with  Roman  punch.    How  is  a 


230         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

man  to  destroy  himself  decently  ?  I  hate  the  idea 
of  hanging,  drowning,  razoring — besides  being 
vulgar  and  disgusting — they  hurt.  I  have  read 
of  people  drinking  themselves  to  death,  there  must 
be  some  fun  in  that,  so  here  goes,  a  bottle  of 
champagne  and  silence — for  I  have  shut  the 
shutters 

"Till  Resurrection  then 

"  Adieu  dear  Miss  Pigot 
"  Yours  as  ever 

"H.  S.  M." 

The  letter  is  in  a  collection  in  the  Bodleian  Library, 
and  may  be  called  prophetic,  for  the  last  years 
of  Sir  Henry's  life  were,  from  various  reasons, 
far  from  happy,  and  he  ended  his  life  by  shooting 
himself. 

Sir  Henry's  son  by  his  first  wife,  Henry  Bouverie 
Paulet  St.  John-Mildmay,  became  the  fifth  Baronet, 
and  on  the  death  of  his  grandmother,  Jane  Lady 
St.  John-Mildmay,  succeeded  to  what  was  left 
of  the  family  estates.  The  Somersetshire  estate 
was  settled  on  Paulet,  second  son  of  Jane  Lady 
Mildmay,  and  the  Newington  property  was  sold 
to  pay  the  portions  of  her  younger  children. 

Sir  Henry,  the  fifth  Baronet,  joined  the  7th 
Fusiliers  8  June,  1830,  exchanged  to  the  2nd 
Dragoon  Guards  7  April,  1837,  and  sold  out 
II  November,  1851,  having  attained  the  rank  of 
Captain  and  been  on  half-pay  from  25  April,  1848. 
He  afterwards  commanded  for   some   time  the 


JANE  MILDMAY  231 

Hampshire  Yeomanry,  and  retired  as  Honorary 
Colonel  on  the  nth  March,  1882. 

A  picture  of  him  at  Dogmersfield  by  Ediss  shows 
him  in  yeomanry  uniform. 

Sir  Henry  married  Helena,  second  daughter  of 
the  Rt.  Honourable  Charles  Shaw  Lefevre,  Speaker 
of  the  House  of  Commons,  and  afterwards 
Viscount  Eversley. 

When  he  settled  at  Dogmersfield  he  became 
an  active  magistrate  of  the  county,  was  faithful  to 
all  his  duties  as  a  country  gentleman,  and  to  him 
may  be  applied  the  words  used  by  Camden  when 
writing  of  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  : — "that  he  was 
one  who  discharged  the  offices  of  a  good  citizen 
and  a  good  man." 

He  died  16  July,  1902,  in  his  ninety-second  year, 
and  thus  three  successive  leading  representatives 
of  the  Mildmays  attained  to  the  great  ages  of 
ninety- three,  ninety-two,  and  ninety-one. 

Two  of  Sir  Henry's  half  brothers,  Edmond  and 
Horace,  served  for  a  short  time  in  the  Austrian 
Army.  Augustus,  the  youngest  brother,  died 
8  March,  1839  ;  Horace,  the  5  May,  1866,  and  was 
buried  at  Milan.  The  eldest,  Edmond,  remarkable 
for  his  good  looks  and  charm  of  manner,  was  well 
known  in  London.  He  was  Equerry  for  six  years 
to  the  first  Duke  of  Cambridge,  then  to  the  late 
Duke  of  Cambridge  during  His  Royal  Highness's 
lifetime.  He  was  attached  to  the  head-quarters 
of  the  Austrian  Army  in  Italy  during  the  campaign 
of  May,  June,  and   July,    1859,   receiving  the 


232         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 


Austrian  war  medal.  Also  Secretary  of  the  National 
Rifle  Association  from  i860  to  1890. 

He  was  thrice  married,  and  died  8  October,  1905, 
aged  ninety. 

Another  rather  well-known  member  of  the  family 
lately  deceased,  was  Mr.  Henry  Bingham  St.  John- 
Mildmay,  a  partner  in  the  old  Baring  house,  and 
father  of  Mr.  F.  B.  St.  John-Mildmay,  M.P. 
for  the  Totnes  division  of  Devonshire.  He  was 
a  man  of  great  generosity,  highly  esteemed  by 
all  who  knew  him,  and  died  aged  seventy-seven, 
I  November,  1905. 

Major  Henry  Paulet  St.  John  Mildmay,  elder 
son  of  Sir  Henry,  the  fifth  Baronet,  succeeded  him 
as  sixth  Baronet.  He  served  in  the  Grenadier 
Guards  from  1872  to  1895.  Became  Captain 
16  July,  1884  ;  Major,  24  February,  1892.  Was 
present  with  the  Egyptian  Expedition  of  1882, 
Action  of  Mahuda,  Battle  of  Tel-el-Kebir ;  medal 
and  clasp,  bronze  star.  Also  in  the  Soudan  Expedi- 
tion, 1885.  Mentioned  in  Suakim  despatches 
25  August,  1885.    Clasp  and  Brevet  of  Major. 

He  was  specially  selected  for  a  command  in  the 
Mounted  Infantry  in  1885,  not  only  for  his  soldierly 
capacities,  but  also  for  his  knowledge  of  and  skill 
with  horses,  both  of  which  were  shown  by  his 
successes  in  the  Household  Brigade  steeplechases 
on  horses  he  trained  and  rode. 

Major  Sir  Henry  P.  St.  John-Mildmay*s  seat  is 
at  Dogmersfield  Park,  Winchfield,  Hants,  in  which 
county  he  is  a  magistrate,  a  careful  and  considerate 
landlord,  and  a  good  steward  of  his  estate. 


JANE  MILDMAY  233 

The  St.  John  arms  are  2  and  3  argent,  on  a 
chief  gules,  2  mullets  or.  The  Mildmay  arms  are 
I  and  4  argent,  3  lions  rampant,  2  and  i  azure. 

The  St.  John  motto  is  "  Data  Fata  Secutus." 

The  Mildmay  motto  is  "Allah  Ta  Hara." 

The  Rev.  W.  Betham  says  in  his  Baronetage  that 
a  Mildmay  is  supposed  to  have  accompanied  King 
Richard  I  to  the  Holy  Land,  and  to  have  received 
for  his  services  a  motto  the  family  bear  to  this  day. 
No  authority  is  given  for  the  statement,  nor  does 
any  seem  procurable.  Roger  Mildmay  and  his 
brother  Herbert  lived  in  the  time  of  Richard  I,  but 
nothing  more  is  known  of  them  than  that  their 
names  appear  in  a  deed  of  a  gift  of  land  by  Herbert 
to  Roger.  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  used  the  motto 
"  Virtute  non  vi,"  and  that  of  "  Alia  Ta  Hara  "  does 
not  appear  till  later,  though  exactly  when  we  can- 
not ascertain,  and  it  seems  a  pity  that  Sir  Walter's 
good  motto  should  have  been  discarded  and  a 
grammatically  incorrect  Arabic  one  adopted.  Burke 
attempts  the  translation  of  "God  is  cleanliness,  other- 
wise Purity,*'  but  Sir  Herbert  Chermside,  a  thorough 
Arabic  scholar,  to  whom  the  motto  was  submitted, 
was  kind  enough  to  write  to  us  exhaustively  about 
it,  and  to  express  the  opinion  that  as  now  written  it 
is  against  the  Arabic  idiom,  and  that  in  translitera- 
tion the  letter  "  s  "  had  probably  been  dropped,  so 
that  the  motto  should  really  read  : — 

"  Allah  Ta  Hdras," 

which  means,  God  has  guarded. 


APPENDICES 


APPENDIX  A 

GENEALOGY 

(1)  Hugh  Mildeme.    (Probably  living  in  1 147.) 

(2)  Robert  Mildeme,  Kt,    m.  Matilda  le  Rous. 

(3)  Roger  Mildeme  of  Hambledon.      Herbert.  Ob.  s.p. 

I 

(4)  Roger  Mildeme,  Kt.    m.  Matilda  de  Eltham. 

I 

(5)  Henry  Mildeme  of  Herefordshire. 

I 

(6)  Ranulphe  or  Ralph  Mildeme. 

,1 

(7)  Ranulphe  Mildeme. 

I 

(8)  Henry  Mildeme  of  Stonhouse. 

(9)  Robert  Mildeme.       Walter.  Ob,  i.f. 

I  . 

(10)  Robert  Mildeme. 

I  . 

(11)  Thomas  Mildeme.    m.  Amie  Kingscott.  1439. 

I  . 

(12)  Thomas  Mildeme.    m.  Margaret  Cornish,  of  an  old  Essex 

family  of  Much  Waltham.  1465. 

(13)  Walter  Mildeme.        Margaret  Everard  ditto  ditto  1483. 

I 


237 


238         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

(14)  Thomas  Mildeme.   m.  Agnes  Reade.      John,  had  two  dau. 


Thomas 


521).        William  John  Walter 

m,  Avicia  of  Springfield,  of  Creatingham.  of  Apethorpe. 

Gunson.  m.  Agnes         m.  Frances  m,  Mary 

Pascale.  Raynebow.  Walsingham. 


Sir  Thomas  Mildmay.      Humphrey  Mildmay. 
m.  Agnes  Winthrop.       m.  Mary  Capel. 

William  Mildmay.       Sir  Henry  Mildmay. 
m»  Margaret  Hervey.    m,  Anne  Haliday. 

.1  I 

Carew  Mildmay.  Henry  Mildmay. 

m,  Dorothea  Gerard.         m,  Alice  Bramston. 

I  I 

Francis  Mildmay.  Haliday  Mildmay. 

m,  Mathew  Honywood.    m,  Anne  Bawdon. 

Carew  Mildmay. 

m,  Anne  Barrett  Lennard. 

I  . 

Humphrey  Mildmay.    m.  Letitia  Mildmay. 

I 

Carew  Mildmay.    m,  Jane  Pescod. 

Jane  Mildmay.    m.  Sir  Henry  St.  John. 

Sir  Henry  C.  St.  John-Mildmay.    m,  Charlotte  Bouverie. 

Sir  Henry  B.  P.  St.  John-Mildmay.  m.  Hon.  Helena  ShawLefevre. 

Major  Sir  H.  P.  St.  John-Mildmay. 

Abbreviated  copies  of  the  old  documents  in  the 
possession  of  the  Fane  family  giving  proofs  of  the 
members  of  the  Mildmay  family  in  the  above 
genealogy  numbered  i  to  13,  except  No.  11,  the 
letter  referring  to  No.  1 1  being  lost. 


APPENDIX  A  239 

(i  and  2)  Be  it  known  to  all  men  by  these 
presents  that  I  Count  Symon  on  the  petition  of 
Robert  Mildeme  Son  of  Hugh  Mildeme  con- 
cede and  by  this  charter  confirm  to  the  Church  of 
S.  Andrews  of  Osolvestum  and  the  Canons  there 
an  acre  of  land  in  Twyford  etc. 

(2)  To  all  men  of  the  Mother  Church  present 
and  future  Matilda  le  Rous  sends  salutation.  Know 
that  I  for  the  safety  of  my  own  soul  and  that  of 
Robert  Mildmey  my  husband  give  and  concede  to 
the  Church  of  S.  Andrew,  Oslovesty  etc. 

(3)  Know  all  men  present  and  future  that  I 
Herbert  Mildeme  son  of  Robert  Mildeme  concede 
and  by  my  present  charter  confirm  to  Roger  my 
brother  lands  which  my  father  gave  to  his  son  by  a 
Charter  which  I  have  in  Hous  with  all  the  lands  I 
have  in  Hambledon  etc.    (Sealed  with  one  lion.) 

(4)  Know  all  men  present  and  future  that  I 
Roger  de  Mildemey  for  the  souls  of  my  father  and 
mother,  and  for  the  souls  of  my  ancestors,  and  for 
the  salvation  of  my  own  soul,  Matilda  de  Eltham 
my  wife  has  given  to  God  and  the  blessed  Mary 
etc. 

(4)  To  all  the  Faithfull  in  Christ  Gilbert 
Marshall  Count  of  Pembroke  Sends  greeting,  know 
that  we  concede  for  our  own  soul  and  the  souls  of 
our  ancestors  and  successors  etc — being  a  grant  of 
money  for  Church  Service  etc — Witnessed  by 
Walter  Mar,  William  de  la  Mare,  Roger  filius 
Roger  Mildeme  etc. 

(5  and  6)  Know  all  men  present  and  future  that 


240         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

1  Henry  de  Mildeme  son  of  Roger  de  Mildeme 
give  and  by  present  charter  confirm  to  Ranulphe 
de  Mildeme  my  son  all  my  lands  in  Hereford 
which  I  hold  of  the  Dominus  Reginald  Fitzherbert, 
Miles  etc. 

(Sealed  with  3  lions  rampant,  2  and  i.) 

(7)  Memorandum  10  Kallends  of  May,  7  year 
Edward  II  that  Ranulph  son  of  Ranulph  de  Mildeme 
resigns  his  pension  of  6  marks  to  the  Abbot  and 
Convent  of  Evesham  etc. 

(8)  Be  it  known  to  all  men  that  I  Henry  de 
Mildeme  son  of  Ralph  de  Mildeme  give  concede 
and  by  this  charter  confirm  to  John  de  Pynkenesse 
and  John  Wace,  chaplains  all  my  goods  and  chattels 
movable  and  immoveable  in  my  manors  of  Ston- 
house  and  Hazebear  (?)  at  the  present  moment 
existing. 

Given  at  Stonhouse  29  Edward  III  (Sealed  with  3 
lions). 

(8)  Be  it  known  to  all  men  that  we  Thomas 
Holland  Earl  of  Kent  and  Seneschall  de  Wake  have 
ordained  and  appointed  my  dear  and  good  friend 
Henry  Myldemay  and  John  Wyrle  Esquiers  jointly 
and  seperately  my  attorney  to  deliver  seisin  of  all 
my  land  and  tenements  etc.  in  the  town  of  Caleys 
to  Thomas  Strete  his  heirs  etc.  Made  by  me  the 
said  Thomas  16  July  15  Richard  II  (1392) 

(9  and  10)  Edmund  Earl  of  Stafford  to  all  whom 
it  may  concern  these  present  writings  shall  cause 
salutations.  Know  that  we  concede  and  by  this 
present  charter  confirm  to  Henry  Ball  in  pure  and 


APPENDIX  A  241 

perpetual  elemosynary  the  Church  of  Orwell. 
Witness  John  de  Oreby,  Robert  de  Mildeme  and 
Robert  his  son  etc.  i  April  4  Henry  IV. 

(10)  Know  all  men  by  these  presents  that  we 
Humphrey  Earl  of  Stafford  make  and  ordain 
Robert  Mildemay,  William  Blower,  and  John 
Fering  my  attorneys  etc — 2  May  17  Henry  VI. 

(12  and  13)  This  writing  made  the  Saturday 
next  before  the  Feast  of  the  Nativity  of  Our  Lord 
the  2  year  of  Henry  VII  witnesseth  that  I  Thomas 
Myldemey  have  received  of  John  Abbot  of  Evesham 
for  my  Corradie"^  and  for  the  Corradie  of  Walter 
Myldemey  my  son  due  to  us  from  the  Invention 
of  the  Holy  Cross  and  the  Advint  of  S^  Peter 
next  coming  0-0-0. 

(Signed)     THOMAS  MYLDEMEY 

(13)  Know  all  men  present  and  future  that  we 
Ralph  Bottesworth  and  William  Benyt  Chaplains 
of  Wrytell,  Essex,  give  and  concede  to  William 
Muriell  and  Agnes  his  wife,  Walter  Myldemey 
and  Margaret  his  wife  of  Great  Waltham,  Co: 
Essex,  12  acres  of  pasture  lying  in  three  crofts  in 
Waltham  &c.    S^  Valentine*s  Day  2  Henry  VII. 

*  Corradie,  from  Corraderc,  to  scrape  together  or  hoard. 


R 


APPENDIX  B 


OCCASIONAL  USE  OF  THE  NAME 
OF  MILDMAY 

A  three-volume  novel,  entitled  Almacks^  deals 
largely  with  Mildmays.  One  of  the  principal 
characters  being  Reginald  Mildmay,  of  a  family 
of  considerable  importance  and  owner  of  Bishop's 
Court. 

Frank  Mildmay^  or  the  Naval  Officer ^  by  Captain 
Marryat,  has  been  previously  mentioned. 

There  is  a  novel  called  Louisa  Mildmay^  or  the 
History  of  an  Unfortunate^  by  Kelly,  wherein  she 
from  being  unfortunate  becomes  very  fortunate. 
Of  this  heroine  there  are  beautiful  engravings,  not 
belonging  to  the  book,  but  issued  separately,  one 
being  by  Prattent. 

Another  work  of  fiction,  called  Babfs  Grand- 
mothery  has  in  it  a  curate  named  Herbert  Mildmay. 

"  Mr.  Mildemay "  is  the  Prime  Minister  of  a 
Liberal  Ministry  in  Anthony  TroUope's  Phineas 
Finn. 

In  a  recent  novel,  entitled  My  Lady  Laughter^  by 
Mr.  Dwight  Tilton,  dealing  with  the  period  of 
the  siege  of  Boston,  John  Mildmay,  Councillor  of 
Boston,  is  introduced,  and  Mr.  Tilton  on  being 

242 


APPENDIX  B  243 

written  to  affirmed  that  he  was  a  real  character, 
and  not  a  novelist's  invention.  Inquiries  at  Boston, 
and  an  appeal  to  the  Genealogical  and  Historical 
Society  there  have  not  elicited  any  information 
about  John  Mildmay. 

In  1888  was  published  a  book  called  Hopelessly 
Irishj  by  Jacob  Mildmay.  The  publishers,  Messrs. 
Gill  and  Son,  of  Dublin,  informed  us  that  the 
name  was  an  assumed  one,  that  the  book  was  out 
of  print,  and  that  they  could  not  recollect  the  real 
name  of  the  writer. 

In  Tom  Taylor's  play  of  Still  Waters  Run  Deep^ 
"  the  hero  is  John  Mildmay,  and  a  very  good  fellow 
he  is. 

About  1885  to  1890  an  actress  playing  in 
London  called  herself  Miss  Mildmay. 

In  a  book  that  has  lately  appeared  entitled  Under 
the  Pompadours,  by  E.  W.  Jennings,  there  are 
several  Mildmays.  A  Sir  Henry,  with  vast  estates 
near  Poole,  whose  son  and  heir,  Kyrle,  marries  the 
hero's  sister.  The  villain  of  the  book  being  his 
cousin,  Chevalier  Mildmay. 


APPENDIX  C 


PORTRAITS  OF  MILDMAYS 
Dogmersfield  Park 

ARTIST 

(1)  Thomas  Mildmay.  Auditor  of 

the  Court  of  Augmentations  Unknown 

(2)  Sir  Thomas  Mildmay  of  Moul- 

sham.  ^  length  in  armour. 
Inscription  "  A.D.  1578  et 
aetatis  38.  Fortunae  O.O. 
(looks  older)       .       .       .  „ 

(3)  Sir  Walter  Mildmay,  Chancellor 

of  the  Exchequer  to  Queen 
Elizabeth.  Inscription  "Anno 
1 581.    Virtute  non  vi  "       .  „ 

(4)  Sir  Walter  Mildmay.    Panel  ^ 

length.     Inscription  Anno 
1587.    ^tatis66"     .       .  „ 

(5)  Sir  Thomas  Mildmay  of  Barnes. 

Panel  ^  length.  Inscription 

"  1603.    iEt:  62  "      .       .  „ 

(6)  William  Mildmay,  Esq.,  eldest 

son  of  Sir  Thomas.    |  length  „ 

(7)  Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Dan- 

bury.    Panel,  small  ^  length  „ 
244 


APPENDIX  C  24s 

AKTIST 

(8)  Sir  Henry  Mildmay.  Master 

of  the  Jewel  Office.    |  length  Unknown 

(9)  Sir  Henry  Mildmay.  Lying 

dead  on  a  bed  covered  with  a 
black  pall,  head,  hands,  and 
feet  showing.  Obit  circa  1 664-5  „ 

(10)  Francis  Hervey   Mildmay  of 

Marks.    1654.    i  length     .  „ 

(11)  Charles  Mildmay,  Baron  Fitz- 

walter.    1728.    Bust.    Oval  „ 

(12)  Benjamin  Mildmay,  Earl  Fitz- 

walter.    ^  length.    Oval     .  „ 

(13)  The  same.    1731.    Full  length  „ 

(14)  Frances,    wife    of  Benjamin. 

1727.    Full  length      .        .  „ 

(15)  Sister  of  Henry  Mildmay  of 

Shawford.    'I  length.  Young 

girl  with  a  dog  in  her  arms  .  „ 

(16)  Carew    Hervey    Mildmay  of 

Hazlegrove.   1733.  f  length  „ 

(17)  Edith  Phelips,  second  wife  of 

Carew         ....  „ 

(18)  Sir  William    Mildmay,  Bart., 

of  Moulsham      .       .       .  „ 

(19)  Anne,  wife  of  Sir  William,  f 

length         ....  „ 

(20)  Carew  Mildmay  of  Shawford. 

].  length      ....  „ 

(21)  Jane,  wife  of  Carew.    Small  full 

length        ....  „ 


246         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

ARTIST 

(22)  Sir  Henry  St.  John-Mildmay, 

Bart.    ^  length  .       .       .  Romney 

(23)  ^Jane,  wife  of  Sir  Henry.  Full 

length  with  child  (sold)       .  Hoppner 

(24)  Sir  Henry  C.  St.  John-Mild- 

may, Bart,    f  length  .       .  Sandars 

(25)  Maria  and  Judith  Anne  Mild- 

may.    Twins.    Drawing     .  Edridge 

(26)  Sir  Henry  B.  P.  St.  John-Mild- 

may,  Bart.     ^  length,  in 
Yeomanry  uniform      .        .  Eddiss 

(27)  Hon.    Helena,   wife    of  Sir 

Henry.     f  length.  Sitting 

figure         ....  Swinton 

(28)  Constance  and  Gerald  Mild- 

may.    Large  full  length      .  Sands 

In  a  scrapbook  at  Dogmersfield  are  several 
beautifully  executed  Indian  ink  drawings,  some 
being  of  pictures  whose  owners  are  not  known,  as 
of  Sir  Thomas  Mildmay,  1608,  Lady  Frances 
Radcliff,  his  wife.  Captain  Anthony  Mildmay, 
Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Danbury,  aet.  10,  Anno 
1599,  from  a  picture  in  the  possession  of  Disney 
Fytche,  Esq. 

Hazlegrove,  Somersetshire 

(1)  Thomas  Mildmay.    Auditor  .  Janssen  (?) 

(2)  Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Marks 

and  Shawford.    On  copper  .  Unknown 

(3)  Sir  William  Mildmay     .       .  „ 

*  There  are  fine  Mezzotints  by  Joy  of  this  picture. 


APPENDIX  C  247 

ARTIST 

(4)  Carew  Hervey  Mildmay.  Red 

cap  of  Bachelor  of  Music    .  Thornhill 

(5)  Same.    Full  length        .        .  Vandermeyen 

(6)  Carew  Hervey  Mildmay.  Full 

length        ....  „ 

(7)  Edith,  second  wife  of  Carew    .  Shackleton 

(8)  Jane,  Lady  St.  John-Mildmay. 

Drawing     ....  Harlow 

(9)  Paulet  St.  John-Mildmay        .  Saunders 

(10)  Mrs.  Paulet  .       .       .  „ 

(11)  Paulet  St.  John-Mildmay.  Col- 

oured Drawing   .        .        .  Edridge 

(12)  Paulet  St.  John-Mildmay,  Junr. 

Uncoloured  Drawing  .        .  „ 

(13)  Arundel  and  Meriel  St.  John- 

Mildmay    ....  Unknown 

46  Berkeley  Square 

(1)  Humphrey  Mildmay,  second  son 

of  Carew  Hervey  Mildmay 
of  Marks  and  Anne  Barrett 
Lennard.    |-  length       .        .  Unknown 

(2)  Carew    Hervey    Mildmay  of 

Hazlegrove.    ^  length  .       .  „ 

28  Portman  Square 
(i)  Miss  Beatrice  St.  John-Mildmay  Wm.  Logsdail 

Edge  Grove,  Watford 

(i)  Jane,  Lady  St.  John-Mildmay. 

f  length       ....  Downman 


! 


248         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

ARTIST 

(2)  Frances  Lucy  Penelope  Perceval, 

second  wife  of  Capt.  Edward 
St.  John-Mildmay.  Very  fine 
full-length  picture  of  a  girl    .  Unknown 

(3)  Miss  Warde,  wife   of  Walter 

St.  John-Mildmay,  Esqre. 
Beautiful  drawing,  head  and 
bust  coloured        .       .       .  „ 

12  Upper  Brook  Street 

(i)  Judith  Anne,  Countess  of 
Radnor.  ^  length.  There 
are  small  replicas  of  this 
picture  that  belonged  to  Mrs. 
Ellis  and  Lady  Penzance       .  Saunders 

Corsham  Court 
(i)  Jane,  Lady  St.  John-Mildmay  .  Downman 

Foulis  Court,  Eastleigh 

(i)  Letitia  Mildmay,  wife  of  George 
Ricketts,  Esq.,  of  Lainstone 

Sir  Wm.  Beechey 

Colonel  George  Maxwell 

(i)  Anne  Mildmay,  wife  of  George 

Clerk,  Esq.    Drawing  .        .  Unknown 

Mereworth  Castle 

(i)  Mary  Mildmay,  wife  of  Sir 
Francis  Fane.  Full  length 
with  child     .        .        .        .  „ 


APPENDIX  C  249 
31  Gloucester  Street,  S.W. 

ARTIST 

;i)  Sir  Henry  P.  St.  John-Mildmay, 

Bart.    Miniature  .       .       .  Unknown 

2)  Jane,  wife  of  Sir  Henry.  Minia- 
ture    .....  „ 

'3)  Mrs.  George  Wm.  St.  John- 
Mildmay      ....  Ollivier 

'4)  Mrs.  George  Wm.  St.  John- 
Mildmay.    Oval  .       .        .A.  Lumley 

'S)  Lt.-Col.  Herbert  St.  John-Mild- 
may, as  a  boy  in  kilt.  Water- 
colour  ....  Unknown 

;6)  Lt.-Col.  Herbert  St.  John-Mild- 
may, working  at  a  carpenter's 
bench    .....  Barnard 

7)  Mrs.  Herbert  St.  John-Mild- 
may.   Oval  water-colour       .  Unknown 

;8)  Mrs.  Herbert  St.  John-Mild- 
may.   Pastel         .       .        .Miss  Purser 

Knole  Park 

^i)  Sir  Walter  Mildmay.  ^  length. 

Panel  ....  Unknown 

Fulbeck 

'i)  Sir  Walter  Mildmay.    f  length. 

Panel  ....  „ 

2)  Sir  Anthony    Mildmay.  Full 

length  ....  „ 

'3)  Grace,  wife  of  Sir  Anthony.  Full 

length  ....  „ 

[4)  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Anthony  Mytens 


250         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 
Hever  Castle,  Kent 

ARTIST 

(i)  Paulet  St.  John-Mildmay,  as  a 
boy.  Full  length.  (Bought 
for     1 0,500)        .       .       .  Hoppner 

The  late  Edgar  Disney,  Esq. 
(i)  Cecilia  Mildmay  of  Danbury     .  Unknown 

Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge 

(1)  Sir  Walter  Mildmay.  f  length. 

Panel.  Inscription  "A.D.  1574. 
^tatis  53.  Virtute  non  vi. 
Sir  Walter  Mildmay  "   .       .  Unknown 

(2)  Sir  Walter  Mildmay.  f  length. 

Panel.    Inscription  "  Virtute 

non  vi.  A°  Dom.  1579  "        .  „ 

(3)  Sir  Walter  Mildmay,  |  length. 

Inscriptions  on  two  scrolls 
"Vera  effigies  Walter  Mild- 
may equitis,"  "  Collegii  Em- 
manuelisCantabrigiiFundator"  „ 

(4)  Sir  Walter  Mildmay.    J  length.  „ 
(5) 

(6)  „  „  Full  length. 
Inscription  "An:  Dom:  1588. 

-^tat  suae  66.  Virtute  non  vi."  Van  Somer 

(7)  Mary,   wife    to    Sir  Walter. 

f  length.    Panel.  Inscription 

"A.D.  1574.    -^TATIS  su^  46. 

Lady  Mildmay  wife  to  Sir 

Walter "       ,       .       .       .  Unknown 


APPENDIX  C  251 

ARTIST 

(8)  Sir   Anthony    Mildmay.  Full 

length  ....  Unknown 

Watts  Gallery,  near  Guildford 

(i)  Miss  Mildmay.    (?  which  Miss 

Mildmay)     ....  Watts 

In  the  printed  list  of  Downman 
portraits  are  the  following 

(1)  Jane,  Lady  Mildmay.    |- length. 

1793- 

(2)  Jane,  Lady  Mildmay.   ^  length. 

1793- 

(3)  Mrs.  George  Ricketts  (Letitia 

Mildmay).    ^  length.  1793. 

(4)  Mrs.  George  Ricketts  (Letitia 

Mildmay).   ^  length.  1793. 

There  are,  besides,  several  lithographs  and 
prints  of  Mildmays,  such  as  Sir  H.  P.  St.  John- 
Mildmay,  Capt.  George  Wm.  St.  John-Mildmay, 
Capt.  Edmond  St.  John-Mildmay,  Mr.  Horace 
St.  John-Mildmay,  etc.,  mostly  from  drawings  by 
Count  d'Orsay. 


APPENDIX  D 


Lord  Lieutenant,  Essex 
1730.  Benjamin  Mildmay,  Earl  Fitzwalter 

Sheriffs,  Essex 

1558.  Thomas  Mildmay  of  Chelmsford. 
1572.  Sir  Thomas  Mildmay  of  Moulsham. 
1593.  Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Danbury. 
1597.  Thomas  Mildmay  of  Springfield  Barnes. 
1609.  Sir  Thomas  Mildmay  of  Moulsham. 
1629.  Sir  Henry  Mildmay  of  Woodham  Walters. 
1636.  Sir  Humphrey  Mildmay  of  Danbury. 
1712.  Carew  Hervey  Mildmay  of  Marks. 
1765.  Sir  William  Mildmay  of  Moulsham 

Hampshire 

1668.  Henry  Mildmay  of  Shawford. 
1787.  Sir  Henry  P.  St.  John-Mildmay  of 

Dogmersfield. 
1862.  Sir  Henry  B.  P.  St.  John-Mildmay 

Dogmersfield. 

Hertfordshire 
1606.  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  of  Pishiobury. 


252 


APPENDIX  E 


SOME  MARRIAGES  NOT 
MENTIONED  IN  THE  MEMOIR 

1548.  October  10.  Edward  Mylmaye  and  Joanna 
Auparte. 

1583.  September  6.  John  Mildmay  and  Margaret 
Knight. 

1586.  November  23.  Andrew  Attwood  and  Marion 
Mildmay,  daughter  of  John  Mildmay  of 
Creatingham,  deceased. 

1597.  August  27.  George  Burghley,  rector  of 
Laurence  Dengey,  Essex,  and  Emma,  widow 
of  John  Mildmay,  late  of  Prittlewell,  and 
eldest  son  of  John  Mildmay  of  Creatingham. 

1 6 13.  August  16.  Thomas  Mildmay  and  Mar- 
garet Harberd. 

161 7-8.  January  2.  W.  Nutbrowne  of  Horn- 
church,  Essex,  and  Frances  Mildmay,  daughter 
of  William  Mildmay,  deceased. 

1 62 1.    July  9.   Walter  Mildmay  and  Mary  Bond. 

1630.  May  10.  R.  Harlakenden  of  Earl's  Cone, 
Essex,  and  Alice,  daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Mild- 
may of  Graces. 

253 


254         THE  MILDMAY  FAMILY 

1637.  May  20.  H.  Bigge  of  Cressing  Temple, 
Essex,  and  Anne  Mildmay  of  Tarling,  by 
consent  of  her  uncle  Robert  Mildmay  of 
Tarling. 

1662.  December  19.  Humphrey  Mildmay  of 
Danbury  and  Catherine  Steele. 

1668-  9.  January  4.  John  Mildmay,  merchant, 
London,  and  Mary  Chamberlaine. 

1669-  70.  February  15.  Robert  Mildmay  of  Gray's 
Inn  and  Mary  Rosseter. 

1672.    April  22.    William  Mildmay  of  St.  Giles' 

in  the  Fields  and  Frances  Carr. 
1672.    November  25.    William  Chapman  of  St. 

Martin's  in  the  Fields  and  Amy  Mildmay  of 

Tarling. 

1674.  October  22.  Mathew  Lister  and  Frances 
Mildmay  of  Heston,  Middlesex. 

1675.  J^^7  ?•  Vincent  Amcotes  of  Amcotes,  Co. 
Lincoln,  and  Amey  Mildmay  of  Graces. 

1676.  February  14.  Timothy  Whitfeild  of  Gray's 
Inn  and  Mary  Mildmay  of  St.  Bride's. 

1678.  December  5.  William  Mildmay  of  Lambeth, 
widower,  and  Elizabeth  Chislett. 

1678.  December  6.  Sir  Drayner  Massingberd  of 
South  Ormsby,  Lincoln,  and  Anne  Mildmay 
of  Harrington,  same  county. 

1686.  June  30.  Thomas  Gardner  and  Lucy  Mild- 
may of  Graces. 

1689.  October  22.  Christopher  Fowler  and  Frances 
Mildmay  of  Graces, 


APPENDIX  E  255 

1 69 1.    December  11.    Charles  Goodwin  of  Great 

Baddow  and  Mary  Mildmay  of  Graces. 
1696.    September    7.    Edmund   Waterson  and 

Elizabeth  Mildmay  of  Graces. 
1698.    April  19.    Lawrence  St.  Lo  of  St.  James's, 

Westminster,  and  Ann  Mildmay. 
1706.   December  16.   John  Searle,  d.d.,  Rector  of 

Willingale  Doe,  Essex,  and  Judith  Mildmay 

of  Hornchurch,  same  county. 


-  \ 


INDEX 


A 

Aeon  College,  17 
Acton,  John,  15 
Aikin,  Miss,  52 
Allgate  Ward,  23 
Andrewes,  Colonel,  128 
Apethorpe,  36,  40,  42,  64,  72 
Aragon,  Catherine  of,  197 
Ashton,  Walter,  123 
Augmentations,  Court  of,  14,  15 

B 

Baddow,  i,  3,  27,  28,  30,  34,  77 
Bancroft,  Mary,  98 
Barber,  4 

Barker,  Cecilia,  34 

—  Walter,  34 
Barrett,  Anne,  154 

—  Charles,  58 
Barrow,  Mr.,  103 
Bedford,  Earl  of,  32,  113 
Betham,  Rev.  Edward,  13 
Bewlay  Abbey,  17 
Bohun,  Edmund,  53,  64 
Bolingbrokc,    Ilcnry    St.  John, 

Viscount,  159 
Bouverie,  Charlotte,  226 

—  Harriet,  228 
Bradshaw,  President,  131 
Brampton,  Alice,  190,  193 
Brouncker,  Sir  William,  58 
Buckingham,  Anne,  Duchess  of,  8 

—  George  Villiers,  Duke  of,  69, 
117,  120 

Burghley,  Cecil,  Lord,  44,49,  5°. 

s  : 


Burley,  Captain,  128 
Burnham,  31,  213 

C 

'  Cambridge,  38 
Camden,  51 

Canning,  Right  Hon.  George,  2 
Capel,  Sir  Arthur,  8i 

—  Mary,  77 

Carleton,  Dudley,  61,  63 
Carte,  Thomas,  127 
Chaderton,  Laurence,  38,  40 
Charles  I,  King,  26,  83,  86, 

102,  114,  120,  123 
Charles  H,  King,  83,  86 
Cheapside  Cross,  88 
Chelmsford,  14,  18, 19,  20,23,  28 
Chichester,  Sir  Arthur,  31 
Choate,  Rufus,  29 
Chute,  E.,  155 
Clarendon,  Lord,  115,  130 
Gierke,  John,  195 
Cobbett,  Lieut. -Colonel,  105 
Coggcshall  Abbey,  27 
j  —  Margaret,  27 
Coke,  Sir  J.,  120 
Cooke,  Robert,  6,  12 
Creatingham,  27,  34 
Creyke,  John,  105 
Crixie,  30 
Crofts,  Jane,  78 

—  Lady,  93 
Croly,  Dr.,  98 

Cromwell,  Oliver,  32,  33,  109,  i 
129,  131 


258 


INDEX 


Cromwell,  Richard,  33 
Culverwell,  Richard,  37 


D 

Dacre,  Lady,  155 
Daker,  George,  123 
Danbury  Place,  27,  41,  77,  98 
Danvers,  John,  131 
Darcye,  25 
Deane,  Jane,  93 

—  Sir  Richard,  93 
Devonshire,  Countess  ot,  103 
Dickens,  Charles,  161 
Disney,  27 

Dixey,   Sir  Wolfstan   and  Lady 

Mary,  38 
Dogmersfield  Park,  19,  196,  208 
Do  we,  Anne,  18 
Downing,  Edmund,  28 

—  Emmanuel,  28 

—  George,  29 

—  Lucy,  28,  29 
Drucker,  Thomas,  80 
Duchaux,  Madame,  66 
Duddeley,  Robert,  18 


E 

Eastgate  House,  204 
Eastmont,  Dorothy,  163 
Edward  VI,  King,  27,  36,  76 
Elizabeth,  Princess  (Stuart),  107, 
112 

Elizabeth,  Queen,  16,  18,  37,  40, 

41,  44,  49.  50,  54,  59,  60,  61 
Emmanuel  College,  38,  119 
Essex,  Earl  of,  90 
Evesham,  John,  Abbot  of,  8 


F 

Fairfax,  Lord,  32 


Fane,  Sir  Francis,  42 

—  Hon.  Julian,  73 

—  W.  V.  R.,  of  Fulbeck,  74,  75 
Fanshaw,  Sir  T.,  120 
Faulconbridge,  Mr.,  105 
Felsted  School,  32 
Ferguson,  Robert,  4 
Fitzwalter,  Matilda,  171 
Fitzwalters,  The,  166 
FitzWilliam,  William,  58 
Fotheringham,  49 

Fuller,  52 

Fytche,  William,  99 


G 

Gloucester,  Duke  of  (Henry  Stuart), 

107,  108,  109,  112 
Graces,  28,  29,  31,  34,  35 
Groton,  28 
Gunson,  Avicia,  15 
—  William,  15,  18 
Gunter,  Mr.,  94 
Gurdon,  Brampton,  31 


H 

Haliday,  Anne,  115,  136,  186 

—  William,  115,  117,  135 
Hamilton,  Marquess,  103,  119 
Harris,  Alicia,  31 

—  William,  30 
Hartley  Wintney,  197 
Harvard  College,  32,  41 
Harvey,  Colonel,  124 
Hastings,  Sir  Francis,  38 
Haughton,  Mr.,  103 
Haynes,  Cecilia,  27 
Hazlegrove  (or  Queen's  Camel),  43, 

83,  99,  loi,  162 
Henry  IV,  King  of  France,  60,  62 
Henry  VII,  King,  197 
-VIII,  King,  15 


INDEX 


Herbert,  Mr.,  105 
Hertford,  Marquess  of,  106 
Hervey,  Margaret,  143 

—  Sir  George,  143 
Holbeach,  Martin,  32 
Holdernesse,  Frederica,  Countess  of, 

168 

Holland,  Cornelius,  131 
Holt,  Mrs.  (Hermentrude),  5 
Honywood,  Mrs.  Mary,  152 

—  Mathew,  152 

—  Peter,  152 
Hore,  J.  P.,  127 
Huntington,  Henry,  Earl  of,  38 

—  Symon  St.  Lize,  Earl  of,  8 


I 

Isleworth,  17 

J 

James,  I,  King,  28,  64,  69,  114,  116 
John,  King,  13 
Joynen,  John,  106 
Juxon,  Bishop,  106 


K 

Kent,  Thomas  Holland,  Earl  of,  8 


L 

Lacock  Abbey,  59,  60,  72 
Laikes,  Anne,  138 
Lefevre,  Helena,  231 
Leicester,  Countess  of,  106 
—  Earl  of,  20 

Leighs,  Bishops  and  Great,  17 
Lenthall,  Honble.  William,  ill 
Leveson,  Sir  John,  58 


Leverson,  Sir  Richard,  131 
Lindsey,  Earl  of,  106 
Little  Waltham,  17 
Lovell,  Mr.,  109 
Lyon,  Mr.,  32 


M 

Martin,  Colonel,  129 
I  Mary,  Queen,  37 
Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  44,  49 
Mather,  32 
Mede,  37 

Medici,  Marie  dei,  25,  26,  83 
Metcalfe,  31 
Mews,  Ellis,  199 
Mildeme,  Henry  do,  i,  3,  12 

—  Herbert,  12 
Mildemet,  3 
Mildmar,  12 
Mildmay,  Alice,  191 

—  Ambrose,  93 

!  —  Anne  (of  Moulsham),  167 

!  (of  Shawford),  i,  185 

 ii,  186,  193  ;  iii,  195 

—  Anthony,  Captain,  38,  93,  128, 
134 

—  Anthony,  Sir,  8,  42,  59 

—  Benjamin  (ist  Lord  FitzWalter), 
166,  168 

 (Earl  FitzWalter),  168 

—  Carew  (of  Shawford),  193 

—  Carew  Hervey  (of  Marks),  84, 
97,  143 

 (of  Marks  and  Hazlegrove), 

118,  153,  159 

—  Catherine,  193 

—  Charles,  93 

 (of  Danbury),  91 

 (2nd  Lord  FitzWalter),  168 

 (of  Woodham),  142 

—  Edward  (of  Chelmsford),  14 
 (of  Danbury),  81 

I  (of  Pishiobury),  138 


26o 


INDEX 


Mildmay,  Elizabeth,  140 
 (of  Dagenham),  163 

—  Francis,  151,  152,  153,  190 

—  George,  163 

—  Grace  Lady  Anthony,  52,  65 

—  Haliday,  191 

—  Henry,  142 
 (of  Graces),  32 

—  —  (of  Pishiobury),  i,  138;  ii, 
139 

 (of  Shawford),  32,  134,  186, 

192,  193 

 Sir  (of  Graces),  27,  38,  60, 

93 

 Sir  (of  Wanstead),  83,  84,  85, 

93,  114 

 Sir  (of  Woodham),  25,  167 

—  Humphrey  (of  Danbury),  38, 
99 

 (of  Marks),  153 

 (of  Shawford),  192 

 Sir  (of  Danbury),  i,  27,  77  ; 

11,  78 

—  James,  140 

—  John  (of  Creatingham),  27,  80, 
141 

 (of  Danbury),  97,  98,  199 

 Sir  and  Lady,  93 

—  Letitia,  193,  195 

—  Mary,  34 

—  Mathew,  153 

—  Richard,  142,  153 

—  Robert,  32 

 (of  Moulsham),  93 

 (of  Overton),  34,  168 

 (of  Terling),  93,  94 

—  Sarah,  100 

—  Susan,  186 

—  Thomas  (of  Chelmsford),  i,  11, 

12,  13  ;  ii,  14,  27  ;  iii,  20;  iv, 
24 

 (of  Pishiobury),  139 

 (of  Writtel),  6,  9 

—  Walter,  6,  13 


Mildmay,  Walter  (of  Pishiobury), 

i,  138  ;  ii,  139 
 (of  Pontlands),  140 

—  Walter,  Rev.,  193 

 Sir  (of  Apethorpe),  6,  7,  8,  9, 

12,  18,  36 
 (of  Pishiobury),  138 

—  William  (of  Barnes),  4,  141 
 (of  Chelmsford),  14 

 (of  Springfield  Barnes),  27, 

143 

 (Chief  of  Surat),  153 

 Sir  (of  Moulsham),  18,  173 

—  St.  John,  Augustus,  231 

 Bingham,  57,  232 

 Carew,  139,  201 

 Carew  Anthony,  217 

 Charles  William,  217 

 Edmond,  231 

 Edward,  217 

 George  William,  215 

 Sir  Henry  (3rd  Bart.),  195, 

217 

 (4th  Bart.),  210,  214,  215, 

220,  226 

 (Sth  Bart.),    14,  41, 

230 

 Sir  Henry  (6th  Bart.),  232 

 Horace,  231 

 Humphrey,  215,  216 

 Jane,  193,  195,  220 

 John  Francis,  216 

 Paulet,  215 

Morant,  26 

Moulsham  Hall,  15,  16,  20,  23,  26, 

170,  210 
Mounson,  Lord,  131 
Murrey,  Anne,  113 


N 

Newport,  Francis,  131 
Nowell,  Dr.  Alexander,  38 


INDEX 


261 


o 

Odiham,  197,  202 
Oglethorpe,  General,  160,  164 


P 

Packer,  John,  131 
Parker,  Sarah,  100 
Pascall,  28 

Pembroke,  Gilbert,  Earl  of,  8 

—  Philip,  Earl  of,  115 
Pennant,  17 
Pescod,  Jane,  193 
Phelips,  Edith,  163 
Pight,  Richard,  112 
Playfair,  William,  4,  194 
Preston,  Captain,  106 
Prynne,  William,  82 
Puckering,  Sir  John,  24 

—  Sir  Thomas,  81 


Q 

Queen  Camel.  Ilazlegrove. 


R 

Radclift",  Lady  Frances,  24 
Reade,  Agnes,  13 
Reeve,  John,  25 
Richmond,  Duke  of,  105,  106 
Rickelts,  George  William,  195 
Rogers,  Professor  Thorold,  65 
Round,  Dr.  Horace,  76,  201 
Rutland,  Earl  of,  64 
Rynged  Hall,  17 


S 

Sackville,  Sir  Richard,  37 


St.  Bartholomew,  56 
St.  John,  derivation  of,  199 
St.  John,  Ellis,  199 
St.  Oswith,  Abbey  of,  15 
Sandwich,  Earl  of,  55 
Saville,  Anne,  24 
Sherborne,  86 
Sherrington,  Grace,  59 

—  Sir  Henry,  59 
Sherwoode,  W.,  38 
Smith,  Rev.  Sydney,  223 
Southampton,  Earl  of,  106 
Springfield  Barnes,  27 
Stafford,  Edmund,  Earl  of,  8 

—  Humphrey,  Earl  of,  8 
Stephens,  Jacob,  131 
Stone,  Mr.  Percy,  109,  112 
Stonhouse,  i 

Sussex,  Henry,  Earl  of,  24,  28 
Swift,  Dean,  169 
Sydenham,  Colonel,  109,  112 
Symon,  Earle,  9 


T 

Talbot,  Mr.  C.  H.,  72 
Taylor,  Robert,  38 
Tucker,  Abraham,  203 
—  Judith,  203,  220 
Turner,  Sir  Edward,  33 


V 

Verney  Memoirs,  33 


W 

Waldegrave,  Mary,  138 
—  Sir  William,  138,  140 
Waller,  Sir  William,  96 
I  Wallop,  Squire,  132,  134 


262 


INDEX 


Walsingham,  Mary,  58 
—  Sir  Francis,  38,  58 
Waltham,  17 
Wanstead,  117,  137 
Waterson,  Edmund,  34 
Warwick,  Earl  of,  8 
Weigall,  Lady  Rose,  66 
Weldon,  Little,  42 
Western,  Thomas,  27 
Westmoreland,  Earl  of,  6,  71 
Wethill,  Margaret,  24 


Wethill,  Richard,  24 
Wheeler,  Charles,  112 
Whitchot,  Colonel,  106 
Wilcox,  Sarah,  173 
Wilmot,  Lord,  103 
Winchilsea,  Lord,  131 
Winthrop,  28 
Worthey,  Sir  Edward,  103 
Wortley,  Faye,  103 
Wright,  Hastwait,  112 
Wrothe,  Robert,  20 


SOME  ADDITIONAL  MILDMAY  PICTURES 
AT  NEWTOWNBARRY  HOUSE,  NEWTOWN  BARRY, 
CO.  WEXFORD. 


Pictures. 

Anne  (Barrett),  wife  of  Carew  Hervey  Mildmay,  of  Marks. 

Carew  IIervky  Mildmay  (and  son  died  young),  of  Marks  and 

Hazlegrove. 
Dorothy  Eastmont  (wife  of  above). 
Anne  Hervey  Mildmay  (daughter  of  Carew  and  Dorothy). 
Richard  Mildmay,  d.  1719  at  Bombay. 

Plaster  Medallion  of  Carew  Hervey  and  Dorothy,  his  wife,  from 
monument  in  Sherborne  Abbey. 

Miniatures. 

Anne  Hervey  Mildmay,  pencil. 

Francis  Hervey  Mildmay,  by  T.  Flatman,  pencil. 

Anne  Hervey  Mildmay,  in  red  dress. 

ERRATA. 

P.  62,  1.  12,  for  pancoriim  xt^A pauconim. 

P.  74,  6  1.  from  bottom,  for  "Jussee"  read  "Jussii." 

P.  121,  1.  7,  for  **  Priority"  read  *'  Privity." 

P.  162,  I.  19,  for  *•  Servers"  read  "  Sewers." 

P.  212,  1.  6,  for  "  Brentford"  read  *'  Brentwood." 

P.  228,  line  8,  for  "Thirty-four"  read  "Forty-four." 

P.  231,  1.  3,  for    Ediss  "  read  "  Eddis." 

P.  233,  I.  I,  omit  2  and  3,  1.  3,  omit  i  and  4. 


!NiP  TICE 

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MEMOIRS,  mOG^ATHIES,  ETC. 


THE  LAND  OF  TECK  &  ITS  SURROUNDINGS. 

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NAPOLEON  IN  CARICATURE  :  1795-1821.  By 

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4 


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WILLIAM   HARRISON    AINSWORTH  AND 

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NAPOLEON  AND  KING  MURAT.    1 808-1 815  : 

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LADY  CHARLOTTE  SCHREIBER'S  JOURNALS 

Confidences  of  a  Collector  of  Ceramics  and  Antiques  throughout 
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CHARLES  DE  BOURBON,  CONSTABLE  OF 

France  :  "The  Great  Condottiere."  By  Christopher  Hare. 
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THE  NELSONS  OF  BURNHAM  THORPE  :  A 

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and  Note  Books,  1 787-1 843.  Edited  by  M.  Eyre  Matcham, 
With  a  Photogravure  Frontispiece  and  16  other  Illustrations. 
Demy  8vo.    (9x5!  inches.)     i6s.  net. 

This  interesting  contribution  to  Nelson  literature  is  drawn  from  the  journals 
and  correspondence  of  the  Rev.  Edmund  Nelson.  Rector  of  Burnham  Thorpe  and  his 
youngest  daughter,  the  father  and  sister  of  Lord  Nelson.  The  Rector  was  evidently 
a  man  of  broad  views  and  sympathies,  for  we  find  him  maintaining  friendly  relations 
with  his  son  and  daughter-in-law  after  their  separation.  What  is  even  more  strange, 
he  felt  perfectly  at  liberty  to  go  direct  from  the  house  of  Mrs.  Horatio  Nelson  in  Nor- 
folk to  that  of  Sir.  William  and  Lady  Hamilton  in  London,  where  his  son  was  staying. 
Th»s  book  shows  how  complerely  and  without  reserve  the  family  received  Lady 
Hamilton. 

A  QUEEN  OF  SHREDS  AND  PATCHES  :  The 

Life  of  Madame  Tallien  Notre  Dame  de  Thermidor.  From  the 
last  days  of  the  French  Revolution,  until  her  death  as  Princess 
Chimay  in  1835.  By  L.  Gastine.  Translated  from  the  French 
by  J.  Lewis  May.  With  a  Photogravure  Frontispiece  and  16 
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MEMOIRS,  BIOGRAPHIES,  Etc.  5 


SOPHIE  DAWES,  QUEEN  OF  CHANTILLY. 

By  VioLETTE  M.  Montagu.  Author  of  "The  Scottish  College  in 
Paris,"  etc.  With  a  Photogravure  Frontispiece  and  i6  other 
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%*Ainong  the  many  queens  of  France,  queens  by  right  of  marriage  with  the  reigning 
sovereign,  queens  of  beauty  or  of  intrigue,  ihe  name  of  Sophie  Dawes,  the  daughter 
of  humb'e  nsherfolk  in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  better  known  as  "the  notorious  Mme.  de 
Feucheres,"  "The  Queen  of  Chantilly"  and  '"The  Montespan  de  Saint  Leu"  in  the  land 
which  she  chose  as  a  suitable  sphere  in  which  to  excercise  her  talents  for  money- 
making  and  lor  getting  on  in  the  world,  stand  forth  as  a  proof  ol  what  a  women's  will 
can  accomplish  when  that  will  is  accompanied  with  an  uncommon  share  of  intelligence. 

MARGARET    OF    FRANCE    DUCHESS  OF 

SAVOY.  I  523-1  574.  A  Biography  with  Photogravure  Frontis- 
piece and  16  other  Illustrations  and  Facsmile  Reproductions 
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%*A  time  when  the  Italians  are  celebrating  the  Jubliee  ol  the  Italian  Kingdom 
is  perhaps  no  unfitting  moment  in  which  to  glance  back  over  the  annals  of  that  royal 
House  of  Savoy  which  has  rendered  Italian  unity  possible.  Margaret  of  France  may 
without  exaggeration  be  counted  among  the  builders  of  modern  Ttalv.  She  married 
Emanuel  Philibert,  the  founder  of  Savoyard  greatness :  and  from  the  day  of  her 
marriage  until  the  day  of  her  death  she  laboured  to  advance  the  interests  of  her 
adopted  land. 

MADAME   DE    BRINVILLIERS  AND  HER 

TIMES.  1 630- 1 676.  By  Hugh  Stokes.  With  a  Photogravure 
Frontispiece  and  16  other  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo.  (9X5^ 
inches.)     I2S.  6d.  net. 

The  name  of  Marie  Marguerite  d' Aubray,  Marquise  de  Brinvilliers,  is  famous 
is  famous  in  the  annals  of  crime,  but  the  true  history  of  her  career  is  little  known.  A 
woman  of  birth  and  rank,  she  was  also  a  remorseless  poisoner,  and  her  trial  was  one 
of  the  most  sensational  episodes  of  the  early  reign  of  Louis  XIV.  The  author  was 
attracted  to  this  curious  subject  by  Charles  le  Brun's  realistic  sketch  of  the  unhappy 
Marquise  as  she  appeared  on  her  way  to  execution.  This  cliief  cfoeuvre  of  misery  and 
agony  forms  the  frontispiece  to  the  volume,  and  strikes  a  fitting  keynote  to  an 
absorbing  story  of  human  passion  and  wrong-doing. 

THE  VICISSITUDES  OF  A  LADY-IN-WAITING. 

I  735-1821.  By  Eugene  Welvert.  Translated  from  the  French 
by  Lilian  O'Neill.  With  a  Photogravure  Frontispiece  and  16 
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The  Duchesse  de  Narbonne-Lara  was  Lady-in- Waiting  to  Madame  Adelaide, 
the  eldest  daughter  of  Louis  XV.  Around  the  stately  figure  of  this  Princess  are 
gathered  the  most  remarkable  characters  of  the  days  oi  the  Old  Regime,  the 
Revolution  and  the  fist  Kmpire.  The  great  charm  of  the  work  is  that  it  takes  us  over  so 
much  and  varied  ground.  Here,  in  the  gay  crowd  of  ladies  and  courtiers,  in  the  rustle 
of  flowery  silken  paniers.  in  the  clatter  of  high-heeled  shoes,  move  the  figures  of 
Louis  XV.,  Louis  XVI.,  Du  Barri  and  Marie-Antoinette.  We  catch  picturesque 
glimpses  of  the  great  wits,  diplomatists  and  soldiers  of  the  time,  until,  finally  we 
encounter  Napoleon  Bonaparte. 


6 


A  CATALOGUE  OF 


ANNALS  OF  A  YORKSHIRE  HOUSE.  From 

the  Papers  of  a  Macaroni  and  his  Kindred.  By  A.  M.W.  Stirling, 
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MINIATURES  :    A   Series   of    Reproductions  in 

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THE    LAST  JOURNALS  OF  HORACE 

WALPOLE.  During  the  Reign  of  George  III.  from  1771-1783. 
With  Notes  by  Dr.  Doran.  Edited  with  an  Introduction  by  A. 
Francis  Steuart,  and  containing  numerous  Portraits  reproduced 
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(9  X  5I  inches.)    25s.  net. 

THE  WAR  IN    WEXFORD.      By  H.  F.  B. 

Wheeler  and  A.  M.  Broadley.  An  Account  of  The  Rebellion 
in  South  of  Ireland  in  1798,  told  from  Original  Documents. 
With  numerous  Reproductions  of  contemporary  Portraits  and 
Engravings.    Demy  8vo.    (9  X  5|  inches.)  12s.6d.net. 

RECOLLECTIONS  OF  GUY  DE  MAUPASSANT. 

by  His  Valet  Francois.  Translated  from  the  French  by  Maurice 
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FAMOUS  AMERICANS  IN  PARIS.    By  John 

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LIFE  AND  MEMOIRS  OF  JOHN  CHURTON 

COLLINS.  Written  and  Compiled  by  his  son,  L.  C.  Collins. 
Demy  8vo.    (9  X  5|  inches.)  7s.6d.net. 


MEMOIRS  BIOGRAPHIES,  Etc.  7 


THE  WIFE  OF  GENERAL  BONAPARTE.  By 

Joseph  Turquan.  Author  of  "The  Love  AiFairs  of  Napoleon," 
etc.  Translated  from  the  French  by  Miss  Violette  Montagu. 
With  a  Photogravure  Frontispiece  and  i6  other  Illustrations. 
Demy  8vo.    (9X5I  inches.)     12s.  6d.  net. 

%*  Although  much  has  been  written  concerning  the  Empress  Josephine,  we 
know  comparatively  little  about  the  veuve  Beauharnais  and  the  cHoytnne  Bonaparte, 
whose  inconsiderate  conduct  during  her  husband's  absence  caused  him  so  much 
anguish.  We  are  so  accustomed  to  consider  Josephine  as  the  innocent  victim  of  a  cold 
ana  calculating  tyrant  who  allowed  nothing,  neither  human  lives  nor  natural  affections, 
to  stand  in  the  way  of  his  all-conquering  will,  that  this  volume  will  come  to  us  rather 
as  a  surprise.  Modern  historians  are  over-fond  of  blaming  Napoleon  for  having 
divorced  the  companion  of  his  early  years  ;  but  after  having  read  the  above  work,  the 
reader  will  be  constrained  to  admire  General  Bonaparte's  forbearance  and  will  wonder 
how  he  ever  came  to  allow  her  to  play  the  Queen  at  the  Tuileries. 

A  SISTER  OF  PRINCE  RUPERT.  ELIZABETH 

PRINCESS  PALATINE,  ABBESS  OF  HERFORD.  By 
Elizabeth  Godfrey.  With  numerous  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo. 
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AUGUSTUS  SAINT  GAUDENS  :  an  Appreciation. 

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JOHNLOTHROP  MOTLEY  AND  HIS  FAMILY: 

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SIMON  BOLIVAR  :  El  Libertador.    A  Life  of  the 

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A  LIFE  OF  SIR  JOSEPH  BANKS,  PRESIDENT 

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enthusiasm,  sketched  the  record  of  a  man  who  lor  a  period  of  half  a  century  filled  a 
very  prominent  place  in  society,  but  whose  name  is  almost  forgotten  by  the  present 
generation. 


8 


A  CATALOGUE  OF 


NAPOLEON  &  THE  INVASION  OF  ENGLAND  : 

The  Story  of  the  Great  Terror,  1797-1805.  By  H.  F.  B. 
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purchased^  kept  on  an  accessible  shelf,  and  constantly  studied  by  all  Englishmen 
who  love  England." 

DUMOURIEZ    AND    THE    DEFENCE  OF 

ENGLAND  AGAINST  NAPOLEON.  By  J.  Holland 
Rose,  Litt.D.  (Cantab.),  Author  of  "  The  Life  of  Napoleon," 
and  A.  M.  Broadley,  joint-author  of  "  Napoleon  and  the  Invasion 
of  England."  Illustrated  with  numerous  Portraits,  Maps,  and 
Facsimiles.    Demy  8vo.    (9x5!  inches.)    21s.  net. 

THE    FALL    OF    NAPOLEON.      By  Oscar 

Browning,  M.A.,  Author  of"  The  Boyhood  and  Youth  of  Napoleon." 
With  numerous  Full-page  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo  (9x5!  inches). 
125.  6d.  net. 

S/>^c/a/or,— "Without  doubt  Mr.  Oscar  Browning  has  produced  a  book  which  should 
have  its  place  in  any  library  of  Napoleonic  literature." 

Truth. — "Mr.  Oscar  Browning  has  made  not  the  least,  but  the  most  of  the  romantic 
material  at  his  command  for  the  story  of  the  fall  of  the  greatest  figure  in  history." 

THE  BOYHOOD  &  YOUTH  OF  NAPOLEON, 

1 769-1 793.  Some  Chapters  on  the  early  life  of  Bonaparte. 
By  Oscar  Browning,  m.a.  With  numerous  Illustrations,  Por- 
traits etc.    Crown  8vo.     5s.  net. 

Daily  News. — "Mr.  Browning  has  with  patience,  labour,  careful  study,  and  excellent 
taste  given  us  a  very  valuable  work,  which  will  add  materially  to  the  literature  on 
this  most  fascinating  ot  human  personalities. 

THE  LOVE   affairs  OF  NAPOLEON.  By 

Joseph  Turquan.  Translated  from  the  French  by  James  L.  May. 
With  32  Full-page  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo.  (9x5!  inches). 
I2S,  6d.  net. 

THE  DUKE  OF  REICHSTADT(NAPOLEON  II.) 

By  Edward  de  Wertheimer.  Translated  from  the  German. 
With  numerous  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo.  (9X5I  inches.) 
2 IS.  net.    (Second  Edition.) 

Times. — "A  mobt  careful  and  interesting  work  which  presents  the  first  complete  and 
authoritative  account  of  this  unfortunate  Prince." 

Westminster  Gazette. — "This  book,  admirably  produced,  reinforced  by  many 
additional  portraits,  is  a  solid  contribution  to  history  and  a  monument  of  patient, 
well-applied  research." 


MEMOIRS,  BIOGRAPHIES,  Etc.  9 


NAPOLEON'S  CONQUEST  OF  PRUSSIA,  1806. 

By  F.  LoRAiNE  Petre.  With  an  Introduction  by  Field- 
Marshal  Earl  Roberts,  V.C.,  K.G.,  etc.  With  Maps,  Battle 
Plans,  Portraits,  and  i6  Full-page  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo. 
(9x5!  inches).      12s.  6d.  net. 

.bVo/swan.— "Neither  too  concise,  nor  too  diffuse,  the  book  is  eminently  readable.  It 
is  the  best  work  in  English  on  a  somewhat  circumscribed  subject." 

Outlook. — "Mr,  Petre  has  visited  the  battlefields  and  read  everthing,  and  his 
monograph  is  a  model  ot  what  miliiary  history,  handled  with  enthusiasm  and 
literary  ability,  can  be." 

NAPOLEON'S  CAMPAIGN  IN  POLAND,  1806- 

1807.  A  Military  History  of  Napoleon's  First  War  with  Russia, 
verified  from  unpublished  official  documents.  By  F.  Loraine 
Petre.  With  i6  Full-page  Illustrations,  Maps,  and  Plans.  New 
Edition.    Demy  8vo.  (9  x  5j  inches).     12s.  6d.  net. 

Army  and  Navy  Chronicle.— 'VJe  welcome  a  second  edition  of  this  valuable  work.  .  .  . 
Mr.  Loraine  Petre  is  an  authority  on  the  wars  of  the  great  Napoleon,  and  has 
brought  the  greatest  care  and  energy  into  his  studies  of  the  subject. ' 

NAPOLEON    AND    THE  ARCHDUKE 

CHARLES.  A  History  of  the  Franco-Austrian  Campaign  in 
the  Valley  of  the  Danube  in  1809.  By  F.  Loraine  Petre. 
With  8  Illustrations  and  6  sheets  of  Maps  and  Plans.  Demy  8vo. 
(9x5!  inches).     12s.  6d.  net. 

RALPH  HEATHCOTE.    Letters  of  a  Diplomatist 

During  the  Time  of  Napoleon,  Giving  an  Account  of  the  Dispute 
between  the  Emperor  and  the  Elector  of  Hesse.  By  Countess 
Gunther  GrOben.  With  Numerous  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo. 
(9  X  5|  inches).     12s.  6d.  net. 

MEMOIRS  OF  THE  COUNT  DE  CARTRIE. 

A  record  of  the  extraordinary  events  in  the  life  of  a  French 
Royalist  during  the  war  in  La  Vendee,  and  of  his  flight  to  South- 
ampton, where  he  followed  the  humble  occupation  of  gardener. 
With  an  introduction  by  Frederic  Masson,  Appendices  and  Notes 
by  Pierre  Am6dee  Pichot,  and  other  hands,  and  numerous  Illustra- 
tions, including  a  Photogravure  Portrait  of  the  Author.  Demy  8vo. 
(9x5!  inches.)     12s.  6d.  net. 

Daily  Neivs.~**Wc  have  seldom  met  with  a  human  document  which  has  interested  us 
so  much." 


lO 


A  CATALOGUE  OF 


THE  JOURNAL  OF  JOHN  MAYNE  DURING 
A  TOUR  ON  THE  CONTINENT  UPON  ITS  RE- 
OPENING AFTER  THE  FALL  OF  NAPOLEON,  1814. 
Edited  by  his  Grandson,  John  Mayne  Colles.  With  16 
Illustrations.    Demy  8vo  (9x5!  inches).     12s.  6d.  net. 

WOMEN  OF  THE   SECOND  EMPIRE. 

Chronicles  of  the  Court  of  Napoleon  III.  By  Fr6d6ric  Lou^e. 
With  an  introduction  by  Richard  Whiteing,  and  53  full-page 
Illustrations,  3  in  Photogravure.  Demy  8vo.  (9x5!  inches.) 
2 IS.  net. 

Standard.~"VL.  Frederic  Loliee  has  written  a  remarkable  book,  vivid  and  pitiless  in 
its  description  of  the  intrigue  and  dare-devil  spirit  which  flourished  unchecked  at 
the  French  Court.  .  .  .  Mr.  Richard  Whiteing's  introduction  is  written  with 
restraint  and  dignity. 

MEMOIRS  OF  MADEMOISELLE  DES 

ECHEROLLES.  Translated  from  the  French  by  Marie 
Clothilde  Balfour.  With  an  introduction  by  G.  K.  Fortescue, 
Portraits,  etc.     5s.  net. 

Liverpool  Mercury.—^''.  .  .  this  absorbing  book.  .  .  .  The  work  has  a  very 
decided  historical  value.  The  translation  is  excellent,  and  quite  notable  in  the 
preservation  of  idiom. 

GIOVANNI  BOCCACCIO:   A  BIOGRAPHICAL 

STUDY.  By  Edward  Hutton.  With  a  Photogravure  Frontis- 
piece and  numerous  other  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo.  (9x5! 
inches)  i6s.  net. 

THE  LIFE  OF  PETER  ILICH  TCHAIKOVSKY 

(i  840-1 893).  By  his  Brother,  Modeste  Tchaikovsky.  Edited 
and  abridged  from  the  Russian  and  German  Editions  by  Rosa 
Newmarch.  With  Numerous  Illustrations  and  Facsimiles  and  an 
Introduction  by  the  Editor.  Demy  8vo.  (9x5!  inches.) 
7s.  6d.  net.    Second  edition. 

The  Times. — "A  most  illuminating  commentary  on  Tchaikovsky's  music." 

World. — "One  of  the  most  fascinating  self-revelations  by  an  artist  which  has  been 
given  to  the  world.  The  translation  is  excellent,  and  worth  reading  for  its  own 
sake." 

Contemporary  Review. — "'The  book's  appeal  is,  of  course,  primarily  to  the  music-lover  ; 
but  there  is  so  much  of  human  and  literary  interest  in  it,  sucn  intimate  revelation 
of  a  singularly  interesting  personality,  that  many  who  have  never  come  under  the 
spell  of  the  Pathetic  Symphony  will  be  strongly  attracted  by  what  is  virtually  the 
spiritual  autobiography  of  its  composer.  High  praise  is  due  to  the  translator  and 
editor  for  the  literary  skill  with  which  she  has  prepared  the  English  version  of 
this  fascinating  work.  .  .  There  have  been  few  collections  of  letters  published 
within  recent  .years  that  give  so  vivid  a  portrait  of  the  writer  as  that  presented  to 
us  in  these  pages." 


MEMOIRS,  BIOGRAPHIES,  Etc. 


THE  LIFE  OF  SIR  HALLIDAY  MACART- 
NEY, K.C.M.G.,  Commander  of  Li  Hung  Chang's  trained 
force  in  the  Taeping  Rebellion,  founder  of  the  first  Chinese 
Arsenal,  Secretary  to  the  first  Chinese  Embassy  to  Europe. 
Secretary  and  Councillor  to  the  Chinese  Legation  in  London  for 
thirty  years.  By  Demetrius  C.  Boulger,  Author  of  the 
"  History  of  China,"  the  "  Life  of  Gordon,"  etc.  With  Illus- 
trations.   Demy  8vo.    (9x5!  inches.)    Price  21s.  net. 

DEVONSHIRE  CHARACTERS  AND  STRANGE 

EVENTS.  By  S.  Baring-Gould,  m.a.,  Author  of  "  Yorkshire 
Oddities,"  etc.  With  58  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo.  (9x5! 
inches.)    21s.  net. 

Daily  News. — "A  fascinating  series  .  .  .  the  whole  book  is  rich  in  human  interest. 
U  is  by  personal  touches,  drawn  from  traditions  and  memories,  that  the  dead  men 
surrounded  by  the  curious  panoply  of  their  time,  are  made  to  live  again  in  Mr. 
Baring-Gould  s  pages." 

THE   HEART    OF    GAMBETTA.  Translated 

from  the  French  of  Francis  Laur  by  Violette  Montagu. 
With  an  Introduction  by  John  Macdonald,  Portraits  and  other 
Illustrations.    Demy  8vo.    (9  X  5|  inches.)    7s.  6f/.  net. 

Daily  Telegraph.— *^  \t  is  Gambetta  pouring  out  his  soul  to  Lfconie  Leon,  llie  strange, 
passionate,  masterful  demagogue,  who  wielded  the  most  persuasive  oratory  ol 
modern  times,  acknowledging  his  idol,  his  inspiration,  his  tgeria." 

THE  LIFE  OF  JOAN  OF  ARC.      By  Anatole 

France.  A  Translation  by  Winifred  Stephens.  With  8  Illus- 
trations.   Demy  8vo  (9x5!  inches).     2  vols.    Price  25s.  net. 

THE   DAUGHTER  OF  LOUIS  XVI.  Marie- 

Th^r^se-Charlotte  of  France,  Duchesse  D'Angoulemc.  By  G. 
Lenotre.  With  13  Full-page  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo.  (9  x  5  j 
inches.)    Price  los.  6d.  net. 

WITS,  BEAUX,  AND  BEAUTIES  OF  THE 

GEORGIAN  ERA.  By  John  Fyvie,  author  of  "Some  Famous 
Women  of  Wit  and  Beauty,"  "Comedy  Queens  of  the  Georgian 
Era,"  etc.  With  a  Photogravure  Portrait  aud  numerous  other 
Illustrations.    Demy  8vo  (9  X  5|  inches).     12s.  6d.  net. 

MADAME  DE  MAINTENON  :    Her  Life  and 

Times,  1 65  5-1 7 1 9.  By  C.  C.  Dyson.  With  i  Photogravure 
Plate  and  16  other  Illustrations.  Demy  8vo.  (9  x  5|  inches). 
I2S.  6d.  net. 


12 


A  CATALOGUE  OF 


DR.   JOHNSON   AND   MRS.   THRALE.  By 

A.  M.  Broadley.  With  an  Introductory  Chapter  by  Thomas 
Seccombe.  With  24  Illustrations  from  rare  originals,  including 
a  reproduction  in  colours  of  the  Fellowes  Miniature  of  Mrs. 
Piozzi  by  Roche,  and  a  Photogravure  of  Harding's  sepia  drawing 
of  Dr.  Johnson.      Demy  8vo  (9  X  5|  inches).     i6s.  net. 

THE    DAYS    OF    THE    DIRECTOIRE.  By 

Alfred  Allinson,  M.A.  With  48  Full-page  Illustrations, 
including  many  illustrating  the  dress  of  the  time.  Demy  Svo 
(9x5!  inches).     i6s.  net. 

HUBERT  AND  JOHN  VAN  EYCK  :  Their  Life 

and  Work.  By  W.  H.  James  Weale.  With  41  Photogravure 
and  95  Black  and  White  Reproductions.     Royal  4to.  £^  5  s.  net. 

Sir  Martin  Conway's  Note. 
Nearly  half  a  century  has  passed  since  Mr.  W.  H.  James  Weale,  then  resident  at 
Bruges,  began  that  long  series  of  patient  investigations  into  the  history  oi 
Netherlandish  art  which  was  destined  to  earn  so  rich  a  harvest.  When  he  began 
work  Memlinc  was  still  called  Hemling,  and  was  fabled  to  have  arrived  at  Bruges 
as  a  wounded  soldier.  The  van  Eycks  were  little  more  than  legendary  heroes. 
Roger  Van  der  Weyden  was  little  more  than  a  name.  Most  of  the  other  great 
Netherlandish  artists  were  either  wholly  forgotten  or  named  only  in  connection 
with  paintings  with  which  they  had  nothing  to  do.  Mr.  Weale  discovered  Gerard 
David,  and  disentangled  his  principal  works  from  Memlinc's,  with  which  they  were 
then  confused. 

VINCENZO  FOPPA  OF  BRESCIA,  Founder  of 

The  Lombard  School,  His  Life  and  Work.  By  Constance 
Jocelyn  Ffoulkes  and  Monsignor  Rodolfo  Majocchi,  d.d.. 
Rector  of  the  Collegio  Borromeo,  Pavia.  Based  on  research  in  the 
Archives  of  Milan,  Pavia,  Brescia,  and  Genoa  and  on  the  study 
of  all  his  known  works.  With  over  100  Illustrations,  many  in 
Photogravure,  and  100  Documents.    Royal  4to.  5s.  o^^.  net. 

MEMOIRS  OF  THE  DUKES  OF  URBINO. 

Illustrating  the  Arms,  Art  and  Literature  of  Italy  from  1 440  to 
1630.  By  James  Dennistoun  of  Dennistoun.  A  New  Edition 
edited  by  Edward  Hutton,  with  upwards  of  100  Illustrations. 
Demy  Svo.    (9x5!  inches.)    3  vols.  42s.net. 

THE  DIARY  OF  A  LADY-IN-WAITING.  By 

Lady  Charlotte  Bury.  Being  the  Diary  Illustrative  of  the 
Times  of  George  the  Fourth.  Interspersed  with  original  Letters 
from  the  late  Queen  Caroline  and  from  various  other  distinguished 
persons  New  edition.  Edited,  with  an  Introduction,  by  A. 
Francis  Steuart.  With  numerous  portraits.  Two  Vols. 
Demy  Svo.    (9x5!  inches.)    21s.  net. 


MEMOIRS,  BIOGRAPHIES,  Etc. 


THE  LAST  JOURNALS  OF  HORACE  WAL- 

POLE.  During  the  Reign  of  George  III  from  1771  to  1783. 
With  Notes  by  Dr.  Doran.  Edited  with  an  Introduction  by 
A.  Francis  Steuart,  and  containing  numerous  Portraits  (2  in 
Photogravure)  reproduced  from  contemporary  Pictures,  Engravings, 
etc.  2  vols.  Uniform  with  "  The  Diary  of  a  Lady-in-Waiting." 
Demy  8vo.    (9  x  5 1  inches).    25s.  net. 

JUNIPER  HALL  :  Rendezvous  of  certain  illus- 
trious Personages  during  the  French  Revolution,  including  Alex- 
ander D'Arblay  and  Fanny  Burney.  Compiled  by  Constance 
Hill.  With  numerous  Illustrations  by  Ellen  G.  Hill,  and  repro- 
ductions from  various  Contemporary  Portraits.  Crown  8 vo.  5s.net. 

JANE  AUSTEN  :  Her  Homes  and  Her  Friends. 
By  Constance  Hill.  Numerous  Illustrations  by  Ellen  G.  Hill, 
together  with  Reproductions  from  Old  Portraits,etc.  Cr.  8v05s.net. 

THE  HOUSE   IN   ST.    MARTINIS  STREET. 

Being  Chronicles  of  the  Burney  Family.  By  Constance  Hill, 
Author  of  "  Jane  Austen,  Her  Home,  and  Her  Friends,"  "  Juniper 
Hall,"  etc.  With  numerous  Illustrations  by  Ellen  G.  Hill,  and 
reproductions  of  Contemporary  Portraits,  etc.  Demy  8vo.  2  is.  net. 

STORY  OF  THE  PRINCESS  DES  URSINS  IN 

SPAIN  (Camarera-Mayor).  By  Constance  Hill.  With  12 
Illustrations  and  a  Photogravure  Frontispiece.  New  Edition. 
Crown  8vo.     5s.  net. 

MARIA  EDGEWORTH  AND  HER  CIRCLE 
IN  THE  DAYS  OF  BONAPARTE  AND  BOURBON. 
By  Constance  Hill.  Author  of  "  Jane  Austen  :  Her  Homes 
and  Her  Friends,"  "  Juniper  Hall,"  "  The  House  in  St  Martin's 
Street,"  etc.  With  numerous  Illustrations  by  Ellen  G.  Hill 
and  Reproductions  of  Contemporary  Portraits,  etc.  Demy  8vo. 
(9  X  5^  inches).  21s.net. 

CESAR  FRANCK  :  A  Study.  Translated  from  the 
French  of  Vincent  d'Indy,  with  an  Introduction  by  Rosa  New- 
march.    Demy  8vo.    (9  x  5  j  inches.)    7s.  6d.  net. 

MEN  AND  LETTERS.    By  Herbert  Paul,  m.p. 

Fourth  Edition.    Crown  8vo.      5s.  net. 

ROBERT  BROWNING  :  Essays  and  Thoughts. 
By  J.  T.  Nettleship.  With  Portrait.  Crown  8vo.  5s.  6d.  net. 
(Third  Edition). 


A  CATALOGUE  OF 


NEW  LETTERS  OF    THOMAS  CARLYLE. 

Edited  and  Annotated  by  Alexandar  Carlyle,  with  Notes  and 
an  Introduction  and  numerous  Illustrations.  In  Two  Volumes. 
Demy  8vo.    (9x5!  inches.)    25s.  net. 

Pall  Mall  Gazette.— *^To  the  portrait  of  the  man,  Thomas,  these  letters  do  really  add 
value  ;  we  can  learn  to  respect  and  to  like  him  more  for  the  genuine  goodness  oi 
his  personality. 

Literary  World. — "It  is  then  Carlyle,  the  nobly  filial  son,  we  see  in  these  letters ; 
Carlyle,  the  generous  and  affectionate  brother,  the  loyal  and  warm-hearted 
friend, .    .    .  and  above  all,  Carlyle  as  a  tender  and  faithful  lover  of  his  wife." 

Daily  Telegraph.— *^TYi^  letters  are  characteristic  enough  of  the  Carlyle  we  know :  very 
picturesque  and  entertaining,  full  of  extravagant  emphasis,  wntten,  as  a  rule,  at 
lever  heat,  eloquently  rabid  and  emotional." 

NEW  LETTERS  AND  MEMORIALS  OF  JANE 

WELSH  CARLYLE.  A  Collection  of  hitherto  Unpublished 
Letters.  Annotated  by  Thomas  Carlyle,  and  Edited  by 
Alexander  Carlyle,  with  an  Introduction  by  Sir  James  Crichton 
Browne,  m.d.,  lld.,  f.r.s.,  numerous  Illustrations  drawn  in  Litho- 
graphy by  T.  R.  Way,  and  Photogravure  Portraits  from  hitherto 
unreproduced  Originals.  In  Two  Vols.  Demy  8vo.  (9XS| 
inches.)    25s.  net. 

Westminister  Gazette. — "  Few  letters  in  the  language  have  in  such  perfection  the 
qualities  which  good  letters  should  possess.  Frank,  gay,  brilliant,  indiscreet, 
immensely  clever,  whimsical,  and  audacious,  they  reveal  a  character  which,  with 
whatever  alloy  of  human  infirmity,  must  endear  itself  to  any  reaaer  of 
understanding," 

World. — "  Throws  a  deal  of  new  light  on  the  domestic  relations  of  the  Sage  of  Chelsea 
They  also  contain  the  full  text  of  Mrs.  Carlyle's  fascinating  journal,  and  her  own 
'humorous  and  quaintly  candid'  narrative  of  her  first  love-affair." 

THE  LOVE  LETTERS  OF  THOMAS  CAR- 
LYLE AND  JANE  WELSH.  Edited  by  Alexander  Carlyle, 
Nephew  of  Thomas  Carlyle,  editor  of  "  New  Letters  and 
Memorials  of  Jane  Welsh  Carlyle,"  "New  Letters  of  Thomas 
Carlyle,"  etc.  With  2  Portraits  in  colour  and  numerous  other 
Illustrations.    Demy  8vo  (9x5!  inches).    2  vols.    25s.  net. 

CARLYLE'S  FIRST  LOVE.    Margaret  Gordon— 

Lady  Bannerman.  An  account  of  her  Life,  Ancestry  and 
Homes  ;  her  Family  and  Friends.  By  R.  C,  Archibald.  With 
20  Portraits  and  Illustrations,  including  a  Frontispiece  in  Colour. 
Demy  8vo  (9x5!  inches).    los.  6d.  net. 


EMILE  ZOLA  :  Novelist  and  Reformer.  An 
Account  of  his  Life,  Work,  and  Influence,  By  E.  A.  Vizetelly. 
With  numerous  Illustrations,  Portraits,  etc.    Demy  8vo.  2 1  s.  net. 


MEMOIRS,  BIOGRAPHIES,  Etc.  15 


MEMOIRS  OF  THE  MARTYR  KING  :  being  a 

detailed  record  of  the  last  two  years  of  the  Reign  of  His  Most 
Sacred  Majesty  King  Charles  the  First,  1646- 1648-9.  Com- 
piled by  Alan  Fea.  With  upwards  of  100  Photogravure 
Portraits  and  other  Illustrations,  including  relics.  Royal  410. 
£^  5s.  od.  net. 

MEMOIRS  OF  A  VANISHED  GENERATION 

1811-1855.  Edited  by  Mrs.  Warrenne  Blakk.  With  numerous 
Illustrations.    Demy  8vo.    (9x5!  inches.)     i6s.  net. 

THE    KING'S    GENERAL   IN  THE  WEST, 

being  the  Life  of  Sir  Richard  Granville,  Baronet  (1600- 165 9). 
By  Roger  Granville,  M.A.,  Sub-Dean  of  Exeter  Cathedral. 
With  Illustrations.     Demy  8vo.    (9x5^  inches.)     los.  6d.  net. 

THE   LIFE   AND    LETTERS   OF  ROBERT 

Stephen  Hawker,  sometime  Vicar  of  Morwenstow  in  Cornwall. 
By  C.  E.  Byles.  With  numerous  Illustrations  by  J,  Ley 
Pethybridge  and  others.  Demy  8vo.  (9x5!  inches.) 
7s.  6d.  net, 

THE  LIFE  OF  WILLIAM  BLAKE.  By  Alexander 

Gilchrist,  Edited  with  an  Introduction  by  W.  Graham  Robertson. 
Numerous  Reproductions  from  Blake's  most  characteristic  and 
remarkable  designs.  Demy  8yo.  (9x5!  inches.)  los.  6d.  net. 
New  Edition. 

GEORGE    MEREDITH  :     Some  Characteristics. 

By  Richard  Le  Gallienne.  With  a  Bibliography  (much  en- 
larged) by  John  Lane.  Portrait,  etc.  Crown  8vo.  5s.  net.  Fifth 
Edition.  Revised. 

A  QUEEN  OF  INDISCRETIONS.    The  Tragedy 

of  Caroline  of  Brunswick,  Queen  of  England,  From  the  Italian 
of  G.  P.  Clerici.  Translated  by  Frederic  Chapman.  With 
numerous  Illustrations  reproduced  from  contemporary  Portraits  and 
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